Download Unit 3 Test - Problem

8th Grade Unit 3 Test
Rocks & Minerals
Date:
Name:
1.
A rock cycle diagram is shown below.
What happens to rocks at location 3 in the diagram?
2.
A.
heating and pressing
B.
C.
weathering and eroding
D. compacting and cementing
Shale is a sedimentary rock that can be metamorphosed into slate by
A.
3.
4.
cementation.
B.
chemical weathering.
C.
sedimentation.
D. increased pressure.
In an area where a river has cut deep into Earth, there are several layers of very di erent rock exposed. The oldest
rock layer is most likely to be the layer that is
A.
below the other layers.
B.
C.
the most rich in fossils.
D. igneous intrusive rock.
the thickest layer.
The youngest rocks on the ocean oor are typically located near what feature?
A.
5.
melting and cooling
a mid-ocean ridge
B.
a continental shelf
C.
an abyssal plain
D. a subduction trench
Relative cooling rates of igneous intrusive rocks can be estimated by comparing rocks'
A.
crystal sizes.
B.
composition.
C.
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density.
D. chemical reactivity.
Earth scientists use theories and principles to help determine the relative age and formation of rocksand landforms.
Superposition
Cross-cutting
Unconformities
Rocks & Minerals
Younger sedimentary rock layers are generally
found on top of older rock layers.
Faults and igneous intrusions are younger than
the rock they cut through.
An eroded surface that separates older rocks
below from younger rocks above.
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8th Grade Unit 3 Test
6.
Which statement about the formation of rocks is true?
A.
Heat and pressure can change igneous rock to sedimentary rock.
B.
Weathering and erosion can change sedimentary rock into sediment.
C.
Heat and pressure cause metamorphic rock to weather and erode.
D. Weathering and erosion prevent magma from changing into igneous rock.
7.
8.
A volcanic rock is black, glossy, and smooth. How did this rock most likely form?
A.
Rapidly, on the Earth's surface
B.
Rapidly, beneath the Earth's surface
C.
Slowly, on the Earth's surface
D. Slowly, beneath the Earth's surface
The table below shows how four di erent rocks were formed and gives their composition.
Rock
Formation
Composition
1
Sand Particles cemented together
Silica and sand particles
2
Shallow marine precipitate
calcium minerals and fossils
3
Cooled quickly from lava at the surface
Iron and magnesium minerals
4
Cooled slowly from the magma deep in Quartz and other silica minerals
earths interior
Granite is one kind of intrusive igneous rock.
Which rock described in the table is most likely granite?
A.
9.
B.
2
C.
3
D. 4
C.
water.
D. wood.
A rock sample will most likely contain
A.
10.
1
plants.
B.
minerals.
Ricky nds a rock that has tiny seashells in it. Which statement is most likely true about the rock?
A.
The rock was formed in outer space.
B.
The rock was formed in an ocean, lake, or river.
C.
The rock was formed by a volcano that erupted.
D. The rock was formed by materials that were under heat and pressure.
Rocks & Minerals
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8th Grade Unit 3 Test
11.
Which statement is the best description of what happens in the rock cycle?
A.
Rocks on old mountains are gradually weathered away, while mountain building and volcanism form new
mountains.
B.
Once formed, rocks stay in place until rocks above them are weathered away and they reach the surface.
C.
As sedimentary rocks are buried deep below other rocks, they are changed by heat and pressure, eventually
return to the surface, and are weathered again.
D. Younger sedimentary rocks are always deposited on top of older metamorphic or igneous rocks.
12.
13.
Ricardo has an igneous rock in his rock collection. Where did this rock most likely form?
A.
in a volcano
B.
on a forest oor
C.
on a coral reef
D. at the bottom of a river
The diagram below shows some of the layers of rocks found in the Grand Canyon. Scientists nd these layers of
rock useful for studying fossils.
What type of rock is shown labeled in these layers?
A.
extrusive
Rocks & Minerals
B.
igneous
C.
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metamorphic
D. sedimentary
8th Grade Unit 3 Test
14.
15.
Dora wrote down some observations of four rock samples she was studying. Based on her observations, which of
the following rock samples is most likely a sedimentary rock?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Various processes are involved in the formation of di erent types of rocks. The diagram below illustrates changes
in rock as granite forms gneiss.
In addition to heat, which of the following changes granite to gneiss?
A.
16.
acid
B.
erosion
C.
pressure
D. water
Which of the following areas is most likely to form metamorphic rocks such as gneiss and schist?
A.
a sea oor
B.
C.
a site deep underground
D. a site covered by a glacier
Rocks & Minerals
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a windblown desert
8th Grade Unit 3 Test
17.
Rocks and minerals are common materials found on Earth.
Which property do most rocks and minerals share?
A.
18.
They are pure.
B.
They are solid.
C.
They are liquid.
D. They are magnetic.
The picture below shows lava owing out of a volcano and into the ocean.
What kind of rock forms when the lava cools after entering the ocean?
A.
19.
20.
Igneous
B.
Metallic
C.
Sedimentary
D. Metamorphic
A girl collects rocks while at the beach. She notices that the rocks are milky white and contain fossils. What type
of rock has she found?
A.
sedimentary, because it contains fossils
B.
sedimentary, because it is milky white
C.
metamorphic, because it contains fossils
D. metamorphic, because it is milky white
The table below shows the characteristics of ve minerals.
Characteristics of Minerals
Mineral
Shiny or Dull
Magnetic
2
Shiny
No
3
Shiny
Yes
4
Shiny
No
5
Dull
No
1
Dull
No
A student wants to classify the minerals that are shiny and nonmagnetic in the same group.
Which minerals belong in this group?
A.
21.
Minerals 1 and 2
B.
Minerals 2 and 3
C.
Minerals 2 and 4
D. Minerals 4 and 5
Which type of rock forms under high temperatures and pressure but is not exposed to enough heat to melt?
A.
igneous
Rocks & Minerals
B.
metamorphic
C.
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sedimentary
D. volcanic
8th Grade Unit 3 Test
22.
23.
Which method is best for studying the composition of Earth's core?
A.
Drill holes to the center of Earth to take samples.
B.
C.
Study earthquake waves.
D. Take samples in a cave.
Which skill is a scientist using when sorting rocks into two groups based on physical appearance?
A.
24.
Study rocks eroded by rivers.
inferring
B.
classifying
C.
generalizing
D. hypothesizing
A student observed a layer of rock that contained several fossils. Which of these processes were most directly
involved in forming this layer of rock?
A.
freezing and thawing
B.
C.
erosion and runo
D. sedimentation and compaction
Rocks & Minerals
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evaporation and condensation
8th Grade Unit 3 Test