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Groups Within Society Chapter 4, Section 4 Major features of primary and secondary groups Purposes of groups 4 Major Features of a Group • Must consist of 2 or more people • Must be interaction among members • Members of the group must have shared expectations • Members must possess some sense of common identity “Groups” that are NOT groups • Aggregate: people who gather in the same place at the same time but lack organization or lasting patterns of interaction. Ex: people on an airplane • Social category: a method of classifying people according to a shared trait or common status. Ex: teenagers Groups come in all shapes and sizes • Dyad: smallest group possible- only 2 members • Triad: 3 members- group takes on a life of its own • Small group: all members can have face to face interaction. Sociologists have found that 15 is the largest # of people that can work well in one group. Types of Groups • Primary group: small group of people who interact over a relatively long period of time on a direct and personal basis (Family relationships) • Secondary group: a group in which interaction is impersonal and temporary in nature. Often casual and limited in personal involvement, tend to be organized around specific goals (Classroom) More Groups • Reference group: any group with whom individuals identify and whose attitudes and values they adopt (friends, family, team) • In-group: the group a person belongs to and identifies with • Out-group: any group that the person does not belong to or identify with Networks and Leaders • Social network: direct and indirect relationships, no clear boundaries, provides a sense of community – FaceBook networks, “good ol’ boys” club • Two types of leaders: expressive and instrumental – Expressive: charismatic – Instrumental: organized, goal oriented