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Science Home Learning Task Year 7 Body systems Name Tutor Group Teacher Given out: Monday 8 February Parent/Carer Comment Staff Comment Target Hand in: Monday 22 February Investigating Science Welcome to your Science homework booklet. This booklet is designed to give you some extra practise on the key areas in the “structure and function of body systems” section of the course. You need to carry out tasks 1, 2, 3 and 4. Then choose either the bronze, silver or gold task – go on, challenge yourself! Don’t forget to fill in the last page and ask a parent/carer to sign the box on the front. TASK 1- Levels of organisation Multicellular organisms are made up of many cells which make the tissues and organs needed for survival. 1a) Label the animal cell using the labels in the box below. A D C B Mitochondria Cell membrane Nucleus Cytoplasm A ________________________________________ B ________________________________________ C ________________________________________ D ________________________________________ 1b) Label the plant cell using the labels in the box below. Write your answers in the boxes provided. Mitochondria Cell membrane Nucleus Cytoplasm Chloroplast Vacuole Cell wall TASK 1 - continued 2. Match the cell strucure to its function by drawing lines between them. Nucleus Controls what enters and leaves the cell Cell wall For storage. Contains cell sap Cytoplasm Vacuole Cell membrane Mitochondria Chloroplasts Controls the cell and contains genetic material Respiration happens here – energy is made Chemical reactions happen here Strengthens the cell and provides support Where energy from the Sun is trapped for photosynthesis TASK 1 – continued 3. Multicellular organisms have five layers of organisation as shown below. Answer the following questions about the five layers. a) What is a tissue? __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ b) Give an example of a tissue in the human body. _________________________________________________________________ c) What is an organ? __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ d) Give an example of one organ in the human body and one organ in a plant. __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ TASK 2 – Gas exchange and breathing The diagram below shows the respiratory system which is used to help us breathe in and out. 1. Label the diagram below using the words in the box. Trachea Rib Alveolus Lung Nose Mouth Ribcage Diaphragm Heart Bronchiole Bronchus Muscle 2. Using the diagram you have labelled, describe how air enters your body and how the oxygen taken in enters your blood. __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ 3. The amount of carbon dioxide in the air we breathe in is 0.04%, but in the air we breathe out it is 4%. Explain the reason for the difference in carbon dioxide levels. __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ TASK 2 - continued 4. The diagram below shows a model that can be used to show what happens when we breathe in and out. Explain what part of the body each model part represents. Explain what happens to the balloons when the rubber sheet is pulled down and pushed up. Use the keywords in the box below to help you. Inflate Ribcage Deflate Lungs Diaphragm __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ 5. Is the bell jar model a good model of breathing? Write down one way in which the model is a good model and one way that it is a bad model for breathing. __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ TASK 3 – The skeleton Our skeleton is made of many bones joined together to form a framework. Answer the questions about our skeleton below. 1. How many bones make up an adult skeleton? __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ 2. Are there more or less bones in the skeleton of a child? Can you explain the difference? __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ 3. What are bones made of? Use the internet to find out the answer. __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ 4. We need our skeleton for four main functions:- support, protection, movement and to make blood cells. Describe how the skeleton carries out each of these functions. Support:__________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ Protection:__________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ Movement:__________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ Make blood cells:__________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ TASK 4 – Joints and muscles We need muscles and joints to be able to move our body. Answer the questions below about muscles and joints. 1. There are three different types of joints in the body. Re-arrange the letters below to find out what they are. 1. Gehin 2. Lalb and tockes 3. Dexif 2. Give an example of where you would find each of these joints in the body and the direction that each joint moves. Joint 1:__________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ Joint 2:__________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ Joint 3:__________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ 3. The diagram below shows the main parts of a hip joint. a) What is the role of the cartilage in the joint? __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ b) What is the role of the ligaments in the joint? __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ 4. To help the body to move we also need muscles. Muscles have tendons attached to them. What is the job of a tendon? __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ 5. Muscles that help to move a bone are called antagonistic muscles. What is meant by antagonistic muscles? __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ 6. The diagram below shows the muscles in the arm. Label the diagram to show which muscle is which. Use the labels in the box below. Bicep muscle Tricep muscle 7. Describe what happens to the bicep and tricep muscles to help the arm to bend and straighten. Use the words contract and relax in your description. __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ TASK 5 – Bronze, silver or gold? Complete one of the tasks below. Bronze task Humans are made of several organ systems working together. Find out about one of the organ systems we have – what does the organ system do and what organs does it contain? Use the last page to show your findings. Silver task Specialised cells. Plants and animals are made of specialised cells. Find out about four specialised cells – two found in plants and two found in animals. Write down what each cell does and how it is designed for its job. You can add diagrams too. Use the last page to show your research. Gold task Seeing it. Doctors use different methods to be able to see the bones, muscles and organs in our body. Carry out research on the methods used, how they work and why we need different methods to see each part. You can include some diagrams too. Use the last page to show what you have found out. Blank page for bronze, silver or gold task Extra space for the bronze, silver and gold tasks Self Evaluation of my Homework I am a R____________________ learner. I know this because: ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ I believe that my effort and attitude to learning for this booklet is a: 1 2 3 4 I know this because: ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________