Download Skeletal and Muscular System

1. Function
The Skeleton has many functions: joints permit movement, marrow produces red and
white blood cells, bone cells release osteocalcin(a hormone that helps regulate blood
sugar and fat deposition), and the skeletal cell matrix stores calcium.
2.
Organs
The Skeletal System’s organ is the bone itself.
There are two parts to the skeletal system: the axial skeleton and the appendicular
skeleton.
a. Axial Skeleton: 80 bones, made up of the bones in the head, ribs, and
vertebral column.
b. Appendicular Skeleton: 126 bones, made up of the bones in the upper and
lower limbs, pelvic and pectoral girdles. Its function is to make movement
possible and protect the body’s major organs.
3. Disease
Rickets - a disorder caused by a lack of vitamin D, calcium, or phosphate. It leads to
softening and weakening of the bones.
4. Diagram
1. Function
Muscular System: allows movement. Most of the muscles in the body are under
conscious control and are moved by commands sent to the muscles from the brain via the
nervous system.
Muscles are made up of millions of tiny protein filaments which work together to
produce motion in the body. Muscles pull, but they cannot push. Each person has over
600 muscles; these are served by nerves which link each individual muscle to the brain
and spinal cord.
2. Organ
The Muscular System’s organ is the muscle tissue itself, and there are three different
variations.
3 Types of Muscles:
 Cardiac muscles: found only in the heard, power the actions that pumps blood
throughout the body
 Smooth Muscles: surround the internal organs.
 Skeletal Muscles: they carry out voluntary movements and are what ache after
strenuous exercise.
o Both cardiac and smooth muscles are called involuntary muscles, because
they cannot be consciously controlled
3. Disease
Duchenne muscular Dystrophy(Dystrophy for short) is an inherited disorder that involves
muscle weakness which quickly gets worse. It is caused by a defective gene.
4. Diagram