Download Objective 3 Page 1 of 4 Complementary/Supplementary Angles

Objective 3
Page 1 of 4
Complementary/Supplementary Angles:
Complementary angles are two angles that add to 90°.
Supplementary angles are two angles that add to 180°.
Ex. 60° + 30° = 90°, so these angles are complementary.
Ex. 120° + 60° = 180°, so these angles are supplementary.
Classifying Quadrilaterals:
Quadrilaterals are parallelograms if they have two pairs
of parallel sides.
rectangle
Has 4 right angles (90
degrees) and all the sides
are the same length. A
square is also a rhombus.
4 sides
4 congruent sides
4 angles
right angle (90 degrees)
Has 4 angles that are
usually not right angles Has 4 right angles (90
(90 degrees), but can degrees) and the sides
be. The sides are the do not have to be the
same length.
same length.
4 sides
4 sides
4 congruent sides
4 angles
opposite angles are
congruent
opposite sides are congruent
4 angles
right angle (90 degrees)
Quadrilaterals that are NOT parallelograms
trapezoid
kite
4 sides
4 sides
one pair of parallel sides
4 angles
two pairs of congruent adjacent sides
4 angles
Objective 3
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Classifying Solids:
Solid:
Polyhedron:
Faces:
Prism:
Pyramid:
a three-dimensional figure that encloses a part of
space.
a solid that is enclosed by polygons (closed figures).
Polygons that form polyhedrons.
a polyhedron with two congruent bases that lie in
parallel planes and whose other faces are rectangles.
A prism is named by the shape of the base.
is a polyhedron with one base and whose other faces
are triangles. A pyramid is named by the shape of the
base
Cylinder: is a solid with two congruent circular bases that lie
in parallel planes.
Cone:
is a solid with one circular base.
Sphere:
is a solid formed by all points in space that are the
same distance from a fixed point called the center.
Edges:
The segments where faces meet.
Vertex:
of a polyhedron is a point where three or more edges
meet.
Objective 3
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Locating Points on the Coordinate Plane:
A plane is a flat surface that has no boundaries. A coordinate plane has an x-axis
and a y-axis. Every point on the plane is represented by two numbers relative to the
x and y axes. The x-axis looks exactly like a number line (horizontally).
The y-axis also represents a number line (vertically). In the upward direction are the
positive numbers. In the downward direction are the negative numbers.
The origin is where the x-axis and y-axis meet.
An example of a coordinate plane would look like this...
In order to "read" the
points, we read the "x"
number first then the "y"
number.
Point a is to the right (positive) 3 on the x-axis and up (positive) 4 on the y-axis. The
coordinates for point a would be written (3, 4).
Point b is to the right (positive) 2 on the x-axis and down (negative) 3 on the y-axis. The
coordinates for point b would be (2, -3).
Point c does not go to the left or to the right on the x-axis. This is considered 0. Point c
goes down (negative) 5 on the y-axis. The coordinates for point c would be (0, -5).
Point d is to the left (negative) 5 on the x-axis and does not go up or down on the y-axis.
This is considered 0. The coordinates for point d would be (-5, 0).
Point e is to the left (negative) 2 on the x-axis and up (positive) 1 on the y-axis. The
coordinates for point e would be written (-2, 1).
Objective 3
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Transformations:
Rotation about a
fixed point: the t on
the graph.
(TURN)
Reflection across a
line .
(FLIP)
Translation is a
move across a
plane. Need to give
both vertical and
horizontal direction.
(SLIDE)
Dilation is a change in size that results in a similar figure.
The scale factor from one figure to the other is the
number you multiply one figure by to get to the other.
Enlargement : The figure is bigger than the original. The
scale factor is greater than 1. The picture to the left is an
enlargement.
Reduction: The figure is smaller than the original. The
scale factor is between 0 and 1.