Download REVISION-of-the

B – The Cardiovascular System
1. The structure and function of arteries,
capillaries and veins
2. The structure and function of the heart
3. Pathology of cardio vascular disease
(CVD)
4. Blood glucose levels and obesity
KA 6: The structure and function
of the heart
REVISION:
Structure
of the
heart
(A)
Cardiac function
and cardiac
output
2.6 Key
Topics
(B) Cardiac
cycle
(D) Blood
Pressure
(C)
The structure and
function of cardiac
conducting system
KA6: Learning Outcomes
• Name the 4 chambers of the heart
• Name the 4 valves in the heart
• Describe the cause of heart sounds and how
they can be heard
• Name the 2 blood vessels which enter the
heart and the 2 blood vessels which leave the
heart
• Identify the above structures in a diagram
• Describe the flow of blood in a heart
• State the difference in the type of blood of
blood found in each side of the heart
Re-cap Task:
• In pairs / groups, label as much of the
heart as you can remember!
Heart Animation
Structure of the Heart
Pulmonary
Artery (to the
lungs)
Aorta (to
fthe body)
f
Vena Cava
(from
a the
body)
Pulmonary
Vein (from
a
the lungs)
Rightb
atrium
Atrio- c
ventricular
(AV) valve
Left
b atrium
Atriocventricular
(AV) valve
Left
dVentricle
Rightd
ventricle
Semi-Lunar
(SL) Valve
e
Semi-Lunar
(SL) Valve
e
Thickness of Heart Muscle
1 minute – think/pair/share
1. What do people use to listen to the
heart?
2. What sound do you hear?
3. What makes this sound?
WHAT TO DO:
1. Wet some cotton wool with disinfectant and collect a
stethoscope.
2. Use the disinfectant and cotton wool to clean the ear pieces.
3. Use the larger circle and find your heart
• Place it in the centre
• Move it slightly to the left
• Move the larger circle slowly up/down until you hear the
“lub-dub” – this is the sound of your HEART VALVES
Heart Valves
• Valves help to prevent the backflow of blood
• AV valves prevent blood from flowing back into
the atria. These valves force blood into the
ventricles.
• SL valves prevent blood from flowing back into
the ventricles. These valves force the blood to
leave the heart.
• The opening and closing of the AV and SL valves
are responsible for the heart sounds heard
with a stethoscope.
• “Lub-Dub” sounds can be heard.
More on the heart valves later!
Heart Valves
The treatment for faulty valves
Aortic valve replacement (6 mins)
The “Double Circulatory” System
1. Deoxygenated
blood is pumped
from the heart to
the lungs
4. The oxygen
leaves the blood
and enters body
cells through
capillary beds.
Carbon dioxide
enters the blood
and it then goes
back to the heart
2. The RBCs
receive oxygen and
oxygenated blood
is pumped back to
the heart
3. The oxygenated
blood is then
pumped to the rest
of the body
The Double Circulatory System
Double Circulatory System Animation
Helpful Hints…
• Pulmonary –> Lungs
• Renal –> Kidney
• Hepatic -> Liver
Associated Blood Vessels
Type of
blood
carried
Pulmonary
Vein
Aorta
(________)
Vena Cava
(________)
Pulmonary
Artery
Where this
blood has
come from
Where this
blood is
going
Over to you…
• If you are missing any notes on the
heart and associated blood vessels then
take a Standard Grade textbook home
and:
– Read pages 157 – 161
– Complete the Qs on pages 161 and 162
KA6: Learning Outcomes
• Name the 4 chambers of the heart
• Name the 4 valves in the heart
• Describe the cause of heart sounds and how
they can be heard
• Name the 2 blood vessels which enter the
heart and the 2 blood vessels which leave the
heart
• Identify the above structures in a diagram
• Describe the flow of blood in a heart
• State the difference in the type of blood of
blood found in each side of the heart