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TEST NAME: Benchmark Review (COPY)
TEST ID: 812933
GRADE: 07 ­ Seventh Grade
SUBJECT: Life and Physical Sciences
TEST CATEGORY: School Assessment
Benchmark Review (COPY)
Page 1 of 15
01/11/16, Benchmark Review (COPY)
Student: Class:
Date:
1. Vertebrate animals produce offspring by sexual reproduction. Which is an advantage of this type of
reproduction?
A.
Time and energy is used to find a mate in the population.
B.
There is increased genetic diversity within the population.
C.
The offspring grows faster than one that is produced asexually.
D.
The offspring receives its DNA from one parent and is identical to that parent.
2. A parent cell includes the alleles B and b for a trait. When the cell divides, each daughter cell inherits one
allele.
What does this process indicate about the organism from which the parent cell originated?
A.
it is a female
B.
it is unicellular
C.
it reproduces sexually
D.
it is genetically diverse
3. Some fungi can reproduce either asexually or sexually, resulting in offspring with different
characteristics. Sexually produced offspring have
A.
a complex level of cell organization.
B.
a number of organelles in each cell.
C.
a lesser risk of having mutations than asexually produced offspring.
D.
a combination of genetic material from each parent cell.
4. Plants can reproduce sexually and asexually. If one offspring is produced sexually while the other is
produced asexually, what will only the sexually produced offspring have?
A.
both inherited and acquired traits
B.
a new combination of traits
C.
beneficial genetic traits
D.
a complete set of traits
5. Which best describes sexual reproduction in all animals?
A.
Egg and sperm join together.
B.
Pollen and seed join together.
C.
Offspring have traits of only one parent.
D.
Offspring are identical to one parent.
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6. A main advantage to organisms that reproduce sexually is
A.
being able to conserve energy.
B.
having large numbers of offspring.
C.
greater genetic diversity.
D.
longer life spans.
7. Onions can reproduce from bulbs. One parent bulb generates daughter bulbs with duplicate genetic
information. Which is the most likely advantage of this kind of reproduction?
A.
Population size remains constant.
B.
Beneficial mutations are inevitable.
C.
Genetic variation is maximized.
D.
Large quantities of individuals can be produced rapidly.
8. Bacteria are organisms that reproduce asexually. What would the traits inherited by a newly produced
bacterium be like?
A.
different from the traits of the single parent
B.
the same traits as the single parent
C.
different from the traits of two parents
D.
similar traits as two parents
9. Which of the following is a result of the exchange of homologous chromosome parts during the process of
meiosis?
A.
random mutations
B.
decreased gamete number
C.
offspring with unique combinations of traits
D.
decreased number of alleles on each chromosome
10. Potatoes reproduce by growing sprouts on their surfaces as shown.
When planted, these sprouts grow into new plants. This is an example of
A.
seed production.
B.
fertilization.
C.
pollination.
D.
asexual reproduction.
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11. In some plants, red flowers are dominant (R) and white flowers are recessive (r). Two plants are crossed
and the offspring have a possibility of red flowers and white flowers. Which Punnett square shows the
cross and its offspring?
A.
B.
C.
D.
12. The Punnett square shows the cross between cabbage butterflies. B = white and b = yellow.
Why are all the offspring white?
A.
Both parent butterflies were dominant for white color.
B.
Only one parent butterfly carried recessive yellow traits.
C.
Only one parent carried dominant and recessive color genes.
D.
Both parent butterflies carried recessive genes for yellow color.
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13. Results from a simple heredity investigation can be displayed as a Punnett square, as a ratio, or as a
fraction.
All three methods can be used because
A.
three results are possible from a simple hereditary investigation.
B.
three generations of offspring can be produced in a simple hereditary investigation.
C.
all three methods can be used to show a different variation in the results.
D.
all three methods can be used to show the same information.
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14. In a gerbil population, the gene for coarse hair (H) is dominant, while the gene for smooth hair (h) is
recessive. One pet store found that most of their customers want coarse­haired gerbils. Which cross
between male and female gerbils will produce the greatest number of coarse­haired offspring?
A.
B.
C.
D.
15. Allele A is dominant in mice and allele a is recessive. Two mice with the gene combination Aa breed and
produce four offspring as shown below.
Which offspring has the recessive phenotype?
A.
1
B.
2
C.
3
D.
4
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16. What has to happen for an inherited trait to increase in a population?
A.
Organisms with the trait need to live longer lives than organisms without the trait.
B.
Organisms with the trait need to bear more offspring than organisms without the trait.
C.
Organisms with the trait need to have more siblings than organisms without the trait.
D.
Organisms with the trait need to grow bigger bodies than organisms without the trait.
17. If the weather patterns change and stay colder, what is one way a mammal most likely will adapt to this
change?
A.
eat less
B.
hibernate
C.
grow a thicker coat of fur
D.
increase its body temperature
18. Sickle­cell anemia is a genetic disease that affects the blood. The table below lists some characteristics of
the disease. Genotype
Effects on
health? Can pass a
sickle cell allele on to children? Resistant
to
cholera?
Resistant
to
malaria? Homozygous, normal
(two normal alleles) no effect on health No No No Heterozygous
(one normal
allele and one
sickle cell allele)
no effect on health Yes
No
Yes
Homozygous
with sickle cell disease
(two copies of
the sickle cell
allele) can severely affect health Yes
No
No
People who are homozygous for the trait usually have many health problems. People who have one copy of
the sickle­cell allele are usually healthy. Would it ever beneficial to have one copy of the sickle cell allele?
A.
yes, during an outbreak of cholera
B.
yes, during an outbreak of malaria
C.
no, because the allele does not protect against cholera
D.
no, because the allele does not protect against malaria
19. Which statement most accurately describes the influences on a person’s length of life and quality of life?
A.
Genes alone determine both the length and quality of life.
B.
Behaviors alone determine both the length and quality of life.
C.
Both behaviors and genes influence the length and quality of life.
D.
Neither genes nor behaviors influence the length or quality of life.
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20. What can cause an offspring to have a physical trait neither of its parents has?
A.
a mutation in a parent’s body cell
B.
a mutation in a parent’s sex cell
C.
the natural selection of a trait
D.
the artificial selection of a trait
21. Which most accurately describes all behavior?
A.
All behavior is affected only by experience.
B.
All behavior is affected only by inheritance.
C.
All behavior is affected neither by experience nor inheritance.
D.
All behavior is affected by both experience and inheritance.
22. Air pollution can influence a person’s quality of life. Which best identifies the influence of air pollution?
A.
It is a behavioral influence.
B.
It is a genetic influence.
C.
It is an environmental influence.
D.
It is a dietary influence.
23. What is the main function of the cell wall in a plant cell?
A.
to protect against disease
B.
to give structural support
C.
to contain the parts of the cell
D.
to help with cell division
24. Which of these can only be found in a plant cell?
A.
a nucleus
B.
a vacuole
C.
a chloroplast
D.
a mitochondrion
25. An athlete is running a race. The athlete’s body needs energy. Which organelle(s) in the athlete’s cells
supply the energy for cellular functions?
A.
Golgi apparatus
B.
mitochondrion
C.
ribosome
D.
nucleus
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26. Look at the diagram.
What does the diagram model?
A.
a virus
B.
a bacterium
C.
a plant cell
D.
an animal cell
27. Which part makes a plant cell different from an animal cell?
A.
cell membrane
B.
cell wall
C.
cytoplasm
D.
nucleus
28. Which of the following allows materials to enter and leave a cell?
A.
cell wall
B.
mitochondria
C.
vacuole
D.
cell membrane
29. A student compares a plant cell to an animal cell. Which structure will the student find ONLY in the plant
cell?
A.
chloroplast
B.
nucleus
C.
mitochondrion
D.
cytoplasm
30. Which function makes a plant cell different from an animal cell?
A.
ability to use energy
B.
ability to absorb nutrients
C.
ability to divide into two cells
D.
ability to convert sunlight into energy
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31. Which of these could only be found inside a plant cell?
A.
nucleus
B.
chloroplasts
C.
mitochondria
D.
cytoplasm
32. Cells take in food for energy. The part of the cell that aids in digestion of the food is the lysosome. What is
the main role of lysosomes in the process of food digestion?
A.
building proteins
B.
breaking down wastes
C.
controlling the activities of the cell
D.
converting energy from one form into another
33. From simplest to most complicated, how are multicellular organisms organized?
A.
organ system, organ, cell, tissue
B.
organ, tissue, cell, organ system
C.
tissue, cell, organ system, organ
D.
cell, tissue, organ, organ system
34. When a multicellular organism is damaged, it will repair itself as
A.
it mutates.
B.
the cells work together.
C.
the cells move.
D.
it makes its own food.
35. The structures in the bodies of many organisms have levels of organization that help the body to carry
out life processes. Which list correctly shows how these levels are organized from the simplest to the most
complex?
A.
tissue, cell, organ, organ system
B.
organ, cell, organ system, tissue
C.
cell, tissue, organ, organ system
D.
organ system, tissue, organ, cell
36. In order to carry out the functions of life, organisms must
A.
have more than one type of cell.
B.
be exposed to sunlight.
C.
have at least one cell.
D.
be able to move.
37. Based on the organization of living things, tissues
A.
form systems.
B.
are made of cells.
C.
are made of organs.
D.
do the work of cells.
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38. Which terms will correctly complete the diagram?
A.
1 organisms; 2 tissues
B.
1 tissues; 2 organs
C.
1 organs; 2 organisms
D.
1 organs; 2 tissues
39. Blood is a fluid made up of several different parts. What level of structural organization best describes
blood?
A.
a cell
B.
a tissue
C.
an organ
D.
a system
40. When athletes begin to exercise, their heart rates and respiration rates increase. At what level of
organization does the human body coordinate these functions?
A.
at the tissue level
B.
at the organ level
C.
at the system level
D.
at the cellular level
41. Which two systems of the body are interacting when a runner sprains his ankle?
A.
the nervous system and the digestive system
B.
the digestive system and the circulatory system
C.
the respiratory system and the nervous system
D.
the muscular system and the nervous system
42. When blood that is high in carbon dioxide exits the heart, it immediately enters which body system?
A.
nervous
B.
respiratory
C.
digestive
D.
muscular
43. The respiratory system cannot deliver oxygen to the cells of the body, nor can it remove carbon dioxide,
without which two body systems?
A.
muscular and nervous
B.
digestive and muscular
C.
cardiovascular and nervous
D.
cardiovascular and muscular
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44. The position of the liver in the circulatory system maximizes its ability to filter out harmful chemicals as
soon as they enter the bloodstream. Blood travels to the liver from the
A.
nervous system.
B.
digestive system.
C.
immune system.
D.
excretory system.
45. What is the primary function of skin cells?
A.
to deliver messages to the brain
B.
to generate movement of muscles
C.
to provide a physical barrier to the body
D.
to produce carbohydrates for energy
46. The drawing shows the frame of a house that is being built.
Which body system performs the same role as the wood in the house?
A.
circulatory
B.
nervous
C.
respiratory
D.
skeletal
47. Isabel goes jogging for two miles on a sunny afternoon. At the end of her run, she is warmer. As Isabel jogs,
which function does the skin perform to help stabilize her body temperature?
A.
Her skin exchanges oxygen and carbon dioxide.
B.
Her skin produces red blood cells.
C.
Her skin releases hormones.
D.
Her skin discharges water.
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48. Examine the diagrams below.
Which structure is common to both a euglena and a paramecium?
A.
cilia
B.
eyespot
C.
chloroplast
D.
contractile vacuole
49. Dominic is observing a volvox colony and a paramecium under a microscope. He makes a note in his journal
that the volvox colony and the paramecium are similar because they have many organelles for movement.
What would Dominic most likely notice about the movement of a volvox colony and a paramecium?
A.
They both move at the same rate.
B.
They both move away from light.
C.
They both move in the same direction.
D.
They both move toward an energy source.
50. Euglenas are capable of heterotrophic behavior. How does a euglena differ from an amoeba in the way it
gathers food?
A.
A euglena takes food in through its gullet and deposits it into a food vacuole.
B.
A euglena attaches to the surface of its food and secretes enzymes to digest it.
C.
A euglena wraps around the food and gradually builds a cell membrane around it.
D.
A euglena sweeps food into its gullet and breaks it down with cellular contractions.
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51. A paramecium and an amoeba are shown below.
An amoeba eats by surrounding its food with its body. How does a paramecium eat differently than an
amoeba?
A.
A paramecium captures food with a vacuole.
B.
A paramecium sweeps food into its oral groove.
C.
A paramecium makes its food using photosynthesis.
D.
A paramecium secretes enzymes to break food down.
52. A euglena cell has a structure called an eyespot that detects light. A paramecium does not have an eyespot,
and so it cannot detect light. Why doesn’t a paramecium need an eyespot?
A.
A paramecium does not live where there is light.
B.
A paramecium does not photosynthesize its own food.
C.
A paramecium lives in shallower water than a euglena.
D.
A paramecium uses cilia instead of a flagellum to move.
53. Oscar and Andre used a microscope to observe a sample of pond water and drew an example of each type
of organism they saw. Then they compared their drawings. They discovered that their drawings of a euglena
and a paramecium were alike, but their amoeba drawings had very different shapes. What are two things
that Oscar’s amoeba could have been doing that made his drawing look different from Andre’s?
A.
eating and moving
B.
moving and digesting
C.
digesting and excreting
D.
excreting and eating
54. A euglena has a flagellum and a paramecium has cilia. Both types of organelles help these organisms move
through the water. However, a paramecium can also use its cilia to perform another task. What is this task?
A.
obtain food
B.
defend the cell
C.
attach to a surface
D.
perform conjugation
55. Which characteristic can an amoeba change that a paramecium cannot change?
A.
sex
B.
shape
C.
color
D.
position
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56. A student used the dimmest setting on a light microscope to observe a euglena and an amoeba. The student
shined a narrow beam of light at the top of the cover slip. She observed that the euglena swam up toward
the light but the amoeba did not. She knew the amoeba was alive because it slowly changed shape while
she watched. What inference should the student draw from her observation?
A.
An amoeba can only move side to side.
B.
An amoeba is unable to respond to light.
C.
An amoeba moves too slowly to observe.
D.
An amoeba only moves when it is hungry.
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