* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Download Nota Bene-- C:\COURSES\HEBREW\HIPHIL~1.NB Job 1
Kannada grammar wikipedia , lookup
Spanish grammar wikipedia , lookup
Latin syntax wikipedia , lookup
Ancient Greek grammar wikipedia , lookup
Malay grammar wikipedia , lookup
Esperanto grammar wikipedia , lookup
Modern Hebrew grammar wikipedia , lookup
Swedish grammar wikipedia , lookup
Scottish Gaelic grammar wikipedia , lookup
Sanskrit grammar wikipedia , lookup
Georgian grammar wikipedia , lookup
Navajo grammar wikipedia , lookup
Zulu grammar wikipedia , lookup
Proto-Indo-European verbs wikipedia , lookup
Kagoshima verb conjugations wikipedia , lookup
Germanic weak verb wikipedia , lookup
Hungarian verbs wikipedia , lookup
Germanic strong verb wikipedia , lookup
Yiddish grammar wikipedia , lookup
Ojibwe grammar wikipedia , lookup
Serbo-Croatian grammar wikipedia , lookup
Ukrainian grammar wikipedia , lookup
Sotho verbs wikipedia , lookup
Old Norse morphology wikipedia , lookup
Russian grammar wikipedia , lookup
Old English grammar wikipedia , lookup
Pipil grammar wikipedia , lookup
The Hiphil Perfect 1. The recognition point for the Hiphil Perfect is a prefixed הpointed with a hireq: ִהThis works with the strong verb, such as קטל, ִהְקִטיל, and with many of the weak verbs: l lamed guttural ( ִהְׁשִלַיחfurtive pathah.) l lamed aleph ִהְמִציאor ִהְמֵצאָת l lamed heh ִהְגָלהor ִהְגְלָתה. Note the distinction between 3ms and 3fs. Since there are only two root consonants and up to the second one, everything is normal, the root is lamed heh. l pe nun ִהִּגיד. Since there are only two root consonants, and the first of these is pointed with a dagesh forte, the root is pe nun. l pe nun and lamed heh. ִה ָּכהor ִהִּכיָתor ִּהּכו. Note that we are left with one root consonant! To find the second, use the pe nun rule. To find the third, use the lamed heh rule. 2. With pe guttural verbs, the hireq of the prefix is replaced by a seghol, and the shewa under the first consonant by a hateph vowel. ֶהֱעִמיד 3. pe yod verbs in Hebrew go back to forms in Proto Semitic (the hypothetical language lying behind all Semitic languages) that were pe waw or pe yod. A. pe waw in the Hiphil perfect. The prefix in the Hiphil was originally ha- rather than hi. A hypothetical form hawšîb became hôšîb because of the contraction of the dipthong aw. This leads to forms like הִֹׁשיב וor הַֹׁשְב ָּת. ו B. pe yod in the Hiphil perfect. A hypothetical form hayt.îb became hêt.îb because of the contraction of the diphthong ay. This leads to forms like ֵהיִטיבor ֵהיַטְב ֶּתם. 4. Hollow roots: קּוםor ִׂשים. The prefixed heh is pointed with a sere. In the second and first person forms the sere of the prefix is reduced to a hateph pathahS . An ô is inserted between the root and consonantal suffixes. ֵהִקיםand קימָֹת ֲה ִ ו. Hiphil participles 1. Participles in Piel, Pual, Hiphil, Hophal, and Hithpael begin with a mem. 2. In the strong verb the Hiphil participle is provided with a ma prefix: ַמְקִטיל. 3. In most weak verbs, the prefix vowel remains the same. Rules for finding the third consonant are the same as above. ַמ ֶּכה ַמִּגיד ַמֲעֶלה ַמְׁשִלַיח 4. Three weak roots have changes analogous to the perfect described above: l pe waw: מִֹׁשיב וRoot: יׁשב l pe yod: ֵמיִטבRoot: יטב l Hollow: ֵמִקיםRoot: קום PDF created with pdfFactory trial version www.pdffactory.com