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Community Design|6-29 Roofs • The roofs and rooflines of buildings should be designed to complement and complete the building design. Distinctive, sculpted roof forms that contribute to a visually interesting skyline and to the overall character of the District are encouraged. • Flat roofed buildings should incorporate a strong, attractively detailed cornice or parapet that screens rooftop equipment and creates a distinctive silhouette. • Roofs with vertical surfaces visible from public streets, open spaces, and adjoining areas should use high quality roofing materials consistent with the building’s other exterior finishes. • All rooftop mechanical equipment, appurtenances, and stair towers should be grouped and located so that they are not visible from streets and other public areas, architecturally integrated into the building and clad with materials consistent with the building’s overall design character. • Creation of accessible terraces and open space on rooftops is encouraged, particularly to take advantage of views of the creekside open space. Unique roof forms can be used to create an interesting skyline. Accessible rooftop terraces are encouraged to advantage of the open space views. 6-30 | Community Design Building Materials and Colors • Durable, high quality exterior building materials should be used to convey the sense of quality and permanence desired for the District, minimize maintenance concerns, and promote buildings that will last over time. Use of such materials is especially important at the street level where they are more visible to the public. Examples of appropriate materials include: stone, tile, terra cotta, brick, metal, and glass. • Architectural features should be designed to be integral to the building, and not just surface ornamentation that is artificially thin or simply tacked or painted onto the building’s surface. Artificial materials such as “Dryvit” and other applied foam ornamentation (e.g. Exterior Insulation and Finish Systems, “EIFS”) should not be used at street level. • Building materials and colors should be used to unify and provide visual interest to building exteriors, but the number of materials and colors generally should be limited to promote a visual simplicity and harmony. • Primary building colors should be more restrained and neutral in hue. Bright and highly saturated colors should be used sparingly, as accents or as part of a balanced and carefully executed color scheme. • Exterior trim and architectural detail, such as cornices and window and door trim, should be painted a contrasting color to distinguish them from wall surfaces. The use of subtly contrasting, but complementary colors is appropriate. Durable building materials, such as brick, stone, and tile, should be used, particularly at ground level where they are highly visible. Primary building colors should be more nuetral or restrained in hue with darker or brighter colors reserved for accents. Community Design|6-31 Windows, Doors and Other Openings • Ground-level façades should incorporate generous windows and street-oriented glazing that create a high degree of transparency along the street and reveal activity within shops and restaurants and engage the interest of passersby. • Windows on retail and commercial storefronts should generally occupy a minimum of sixty (60) percent of the street-level façade surface. • Windows on upper floors should be smaller than street-level windows and occupy a smaller proportion of the façade surface area, generally about 30 to 50%. • Enclosed display window areas should be provided on streetoriented façades where actual windows cannot be provided. • Windows should consist of discrete openings in the wall surface, rather than large, continuous walls of glass. • Window and door frames should not be flush with exterior wall surfaces. Building openings for doors and windows should employ deep insets that create visual relief and shadow lines on the façade, giving the building a sense of solidity and substance. • Ground-level façades should create a high level of transparency along the street. Tinted, reflective, or obscure glazing should not be used. Solar shade control should be accomplished using exterior shading devices such as awnings or sun shades. ◦ Street-fronting, ground-floor glazing should have a sill height not exceeding 30 inches as measured from the adjoining sidewalk surface. ◦ Doors in commercial storefronts should include windows that permit visual access into the establishment. Doors and windows should be inset from the façade to create shadows and visual interest. 6-32 | Community Design Building Lighting Lighting should add drama and character to a building while being consistent with the building’s character. • Building lighting should be used to add drama and character to buildings, ensure public safety, and enhance nighttime activities within the District. • Lighting should be designed as an integral part of the building that is consistent with its architectural character. • Illumination of buildings should be focused on building entries, signs, and distinctive architectural features, but overly bright and indiscriminate illumination of building façades should be avoided. Over-illumination tends to reduce the desired dramatic effect by visually flattening the building façade, in addition to wasting energy and contributing to night sky impacts. • Careful consideration should be given to aspects of lighting design such as color of light, intensity of light and overall visual impact of night lighting. Community Design|6-33 6.3.2 Residential and Residential Mixed Use Residential and residential mixed-use buildings in the District are intended to offer a more urban lifestyle to those who want to live within walking distance of the Downtown Core. Like non-residential buildings in the District, residential buildings will have an urban character and be required to be of high-quality design that contributes to the overall character of the District. Buildings will define and reinforce the public space of streets and maintain a comfortable pedestrian scale. The primary distinction in the design of residential buildings will be the incorporation of details that are more typical of residential buildings, such as, porches, raised building entries, bay windows, roof overhangs, balconies, and, in certain instances, front-yard setbacks. Much of the preceding direction provided by the guidelines for commercial mixeduse development also applies to residential development, and therefore has not been repeated. Residential buildings should have their main entrances facing the street. Building Siting and Orientation • Building façades should be aligned parallel with adjoining street frontages. • Buildings should maintain a relatively uniform setback from the street frontage, with variation provided through the use of front porches, entrance porticos, and other architectural features. • Where possible, streets should be bordered by livable space, rather than expanses of blank wall that can reduce the vitality and visual quality of the adjacent streetscape. • The primary entrance to multi-unit buildings should front onto the primary street. • Entrances to individual ground floor units should front on and take access from the street. Ground-floor units should be accessed from individual street-fronting entrances. 6-34 | Community Design Building Massing and Façade Treatment • In larger projects, unit plans and façade designs should be varied to avoid visual monotony and create recognizable identity for buildings. • Larger residential buildings should be vertically and horizontally modulated to mitigate the apparent scale of the building. Building massing should reflect the size of individual units or groups of units. Building façades generally should not exceed 100 feet in length. • Façade articulation, architectural features such as porches, windows, bays, and balconies, and roof form modulation are strategies that should be used to make building segments read as individual units or groups of units. • Active façades with windows, doors, and other architectural features should face all streets, sidewalks and paths. • First=floor units should have finished floor elevations approximately 2-3 feet above the grade of the public sidewalk to protect tenant privacy. • Porches and stoops should be used to announce unit and building entrances, and provide a transition from the public street to the residential building/dwelling unit. First-floor units should be raised two to three feet above sidewalk grade to protect tenant privacy. Building massing should reflect the scale of individual units or groups of units. Community Design|6-35 Roofs • • • • Roof forms should be consistent with the rest of the building in terms of architectural style, level of detailing, and quality of materials. Variations in rooflines should be used to reduce the perceived scale of larger buildings. Large roof surfaces shall incorporate features such as parapets, overhanging eaves, and variation in the slope of roof planes to add variety. All rooftop mechanical equipment should be screened from public views. • Parking podiums adjacent to public streets should be wrapped with residential units or partially submerged to reduce visual impact on adjoining streetscape. • Parking strategies that reduce space requirements for parking, such as tandem parking and parking lifts, are encouraged. Landscaping • • Landscaping for residential buildings should reflect a finer scale and a wider range of plant species that reflects a more personal style. • Low hedges and special landscape materials should be used to define front yard spaces and/or accent the entry sequence. • Landscape materials should be of high quality and typically suitable for the Southern California Mediterranean climate. Given the general lack of precipitation, native and low-wateruse plants are preferred. Parking • No parking should be located between the public street and the adjacent residential façade. • Parking should be located behind buildings away from public view, and accessed from rear alleys whenever possible. • Curb cuts and driveways should only be allowed to provide access to multiple units, except along alleys (i.e., street-fronting driveways for individual units are not allowed). Whenever feasible, curb cuts should be limited to the north-south streets, and preferably no more than two per block (total). • Generally, off-street parking should be located in tuck-under garages, podiums, or above- and below-grade parking structures. New development is encouraged to take advantage of the fill that will be required over much of the area to provide parking below grade (either fully or partially). Landscaping should be used to highlight important architectural and site features (e.g. building entries), soften building contours, and mitigate building scale. Building Equipment and Service Areas • Mechanical equipment, trash and recycling bins, and infrastructure, such as back-flow devices, irrigation controls, meters, and electrical panels, etc., should be located in interior utility closets, screened by architectural enclosures and/or landscaping, or located on the interior of blocks, away for public streets, where they are out of public view. Rear alleys should be used to access residential parking, such as these tuck-under townhouse garages.