* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Download Unit 6-Civil War
Gettysburg Address wikipedia , lookup
Battle of Antietam wikipedia , lookup
Battle of White Oak Road wikipedia , lookup
Battle of Shiloh wikipedia , lookup
Arkansas in the American Civil War wikipedia , lookup
Anaconda Plan wikipedia , lookup
Battle of Appomattox Station wikipedia , lookup
Galvanized Yankees wikipedia , lookup
Second Battle of Corinth wikipedia , lookup
Battle of Seven Pines wikipedia , lookup
Battle of Gaines's Mill wikipedia , lookup
Texas in the American Civil War wikipedia , lookup
Battle of Port Royal wikipedia , lookup
East Tennessee bridge burnings wikipedia , lookup
Battle of Roanoke Island wikipedia , lookup
Battle of Island Number Ten wikipedia , lookup
Economy of the Confederate States of America wikipedia , lookup
Fort Fisher wikipedia , lookup
Battle of Wilson's Creek wikipedia , lookup
Tennessee in the American Civil War wikipedia , lookup
Capture of New Orleans wikipedia , lookup
Battle of Lewis's Farm wikipedia , lookup
Battle of Namozine Church wikipedia , lookup
Battle of New Bern wikipedia , lookup
Virginia in the American Civil War wikipedia , lookup
First Battle of Bull Run wikipedia , lookup
South Carolina in the American Civil War wikipedia , lookup
Commemoration of the American Civil War on postage stamps wikipedia , lookup
Confederate privateer wikipedia , lookup
Alabama in the American Civil War wikipedia , lookup
Baltimore riot of 1861 wikipedia , lookup
United States presidential election, 1860 wikipedia , lookup
Battle of Fort Pillow wikipedia , lookup
Hampton Roads Conference wikipedia , lookup
Conclusion of the American Civil War wikipedia , lookup
Jubal Early wikipedia , lookup
Border states (American Civil War) wikipedia , lookup
Opposition to the American Civil War wikipedia , lookup
United Kingdom and the American Civil War wikipedia , lookup
Issues of the American Civil War wikipedia , lookup
Georgia in the American Civil War wikipedia , lookup
Union (American Civil War) wikipedia , lookup
Mississippi in the American Civil War wikipedia , lookup
Military history of African Americans in the American Civil War wikipedia , lookup
Name__________________________________________Date___________________Block___________ Unit 6-Civil War Secession & The Confederate States of America Secession is when part of a country withdraws or leaves the country. Before Lincoln was sworn in as president, seven states seceded from the Union: South Carolina, Mississippi, Alabama, Georgia, Florida, Louisiana, and Texas. After the Civil War began, North Carolina, Virginia, Tennessee, and Arkansas joined the Confederate States of America. After they seceded from the US, Southern delegates created a new country called the Confederate States of America. They elected Jefferson Davis the president of the new country. The capital of the CS of America became Richmond, Virginia. The US pledge of allegiance: “I pledge allegiance to the flag of the United States of America. And to the Republic for which it stands, one nation, under God, indivisible, with liberty and justice for all.” 1) What is the definition of secession? What trick can you use to remember this word? 2) According to the map, which section of the country won the bloody conflict over Kansas? (remember Bleeding Kansas) Flag of the Confederate States of America Border States and Martial Law All the states that chose to secede from the United States of America and join the Confederate States of America were slave states. At the same time, however, not all the states that remained in the Union (USA) were free states. These slave states which stayed in the United States were called border states, and they included Missouri (MO), Kentucky (KY), Maryland (MD), and Delaware (DE). But why didn’t these slave states join the pro-slavery Confederate States of America? The reason is because Abraham Lincoln and the federal government took control of the border states to prevent Confederate supporters from gaining power. When the federal government takes complete control over a city or state, it is called martial law. Lincoln jailed Confederate supporters in the border states, and he denied the prisoners the writ of habeas corpus, which is when the court decides if a prisoner has been illegally imprisoned. 4) What was a border state? 5) Outline the Border States on the map above in pen: 6) Do you support Lincoln’s decision to use martial law and to deny prisoners the writ of habeas corpus? Why or why not? In your response be sure to explain martial law and the writ of habeas corpus (at least 5 sentences) The Draft, Riots, and Copperheads A draft is when the government selects people for military service rather than waiting for them to enlist. Lincoln’s draft was unpopular among the poor and immigrants who resented the fact that wealthy citizens could avoid military service in exchange for paying $300. In July 1863, draft riots broke out in New York City, killing more than 100 people and resulting in the lynching (hanging) of at least 11 African Americans by immigrants and poorer whites who blamed them for the war. Northern opponents of Lincoln who criticized the President’s draft were called Copperheads. They argued that if Lincoln freed the slaves they would move to the North and steal jobs from the white men. 7) What is happening to the African American in the cartoon? What are the people so angry about? Who are the attackers? 8) What message do you think the cartoonist is making about Abraham Lincoln (the man on the far left side)? 9) What is a copperhead? The Civil War A civil war is a war fought between people of the same nation. The Civil War (capitalized) refers to the US war between the North and the South between 1861 and 1865. The conflict over the extension of slavery caused the war. Lincoln’s first goal in the war was to preserve the Union. Although the South had better trained generals, the North had more soldiers, as well as factories which produced more guns, ammunition, and supplies for the war, which gave them the advantage to win the war. Fort Sumter: The war began at Fort Sumter, a US military fort in Charleston, South Carolina. The Confederate States of America demanded that this US fort surrender because it no longer existed in US territory. President Lincoln refused and sent ships to the fort to resupply the troops with food. On April 12, 1861, Confederate soldiers opened fire on the fort before the ships could arrive, forcing the Union troops to surrender. First Battle of Bull Run: The first major battle of the war happened just 30 miles from Washington, D.C., the capital of the US. In the First Battle of Bull Run, the Confederate army humiliated the Union by easily defeating them. After the defeat, Lincoln adopted the Anaconda Plan. Like the anaconda snake wrapping around its victim, the Union restricted the movement of the Confederates by seizing control of the Mississippi River and blocking them from using the ocean to transport troops and supplies. Battle of Antietam: The Union caught a lucky break when they captured Confederate military plans wrapped around a box of cigars. The plans described how the Confederates planned to invade the North in Maryland. The Union used those plans to surprise the Confederates and defeat them in the Battle of Antietam. 23,000 soldiers died in one day of fighting. Until this battle, the French and British had considered supporting the Confederate States of America. Emancipation Proclamation: At the end of 1862, Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation. Emancipation means the freeing of people. This executive order freed the slaves in the Confederate States of America. However, Lincoln and the US government did not have control over these states, so they had no power to free these slaves. At the same time, the Emancipation Proclamation did not apply to the Border States. This meant that Lincoln maintained slavery in the states that were still part of the US. The Emancipation Proclamation was part of a military strategy because Lincoln hoped to undermine the South’s reliance on slave labor. Importantly, Lincoln used the proclamation to make it clear that the war was not only about preserving the Union, but it was also now about ending slavery. African American soldiers: Over 200,000 free African Americans served in the US army in segregated (racially separated) groups. Seeing their battle as one to free their own people from the bonds of slavery, African Americans served notably during the war. Lincoln believed that the African American units were a major reason why the Union army defeated the Confederates. Battle of Gettysburg: In 1863, the Confederates again tried to invade the North. The two sides fought one another at the Battle of Gettysburg. This Pennsylvania battle was a turning point in the war. The Confederate Army failed to gain the high ground early in the battle. The Union defeated the Confederate Army in the bloodiest battle of the war where 51,000 soldiers were killed, wounded, or missing. As a result, the Confederates failed to invade the North. After the battle, Lincoln delivered the Gettysburg Address, a speech about his desire to see the union survive and the nation reunited. Siege of Vicksburg: A siege is a military strategy where an army surrounds its enemy, cuts off their supplies, and starves them into surrendering. In 1863, the Union army used a siege strategy in Vicksburg, Mississippi to defeat the Confederates. After 2 months of the siege, Vicksburg residents had been reduced to eating horses, dogs, and rats. Sherman’s March: In 1864, Union soldiers led by General William Tecumseh Sherman destroyed 300 miles of land in Georgia from Atlanta to Savannah. They destroyed farms, factories, railroads, bridges, towns, and cities. Appomattox Courthouse & Lincoln’s Assassination: In early April 1865, General Robert E. Lee surrendered to General Ulysses S. Grant in a courthouse in Virginia rather than see more soldiers die. On April 14, 1865, just five days after the surrender at Appomattox, a Confederate supporter named John Wilkes Booth assassinated Lincoln at Ford’s Theatre in Washington, D.C. Andrew Johnson (Lincoln’s VP) became president after Lincoln was assassinated. 10) Directions: Choose 8 of the most important events from The Civil War. Illustrate each event to create a cartoon below: 11) War Letter Assignment: April 14th, 1865. You are President Abraham Lincoln. The Civil War has just ended five days ago at Appomattox Courthouse, and you are so relieved that the bloodshed is over. You will finally have a chance to rest and enjoy a play later tonight with your wife. But before you leave, you must complete a heartbreaking daily ritual. You must write a condolence letter to one of the 30,000 African American families whose son died fighting for the Union. Your letter must include each of the following: _______ Explain why the soldier did not die in vain (he died for a reason) _______ In which battle did the soldier die? Who won the battle? _______ Be honest about how the purpose of the war evolved (changed over time) _______ Explain the benefits (what is good) and the shortcomings (what is bad) of the Emancipation Proclamation _______ Explain the significance of African American soldiers in the Civil War Abraham Lincoln, President of the United States