Download ExamView - Physics Entire Unit Review + KEY.tst

Name: ________________________ Class: ___________________ Date: __________
ID: A
Physics Test Review
Modified True/False
Indicate whether the statement is true or false. If false, change the identified word or phrase to make the statement true.
____
1. Friction can result in the transfer of protons from one object to another as the objects rub against each other.
_________________________
____
2. Solids not liquids can be influenced by static charges. _________________________
____
3. Static electricity describes an electric charge that is stationary on the surface of a material.
_________________________
____
4. Conductors allow electric charges to move easily through them. _________________________
____
5. Like charges attract and opposite charges repel each other. _________________________,
_________________________
____
6. Charged objects do not attract neutral objects. _________________________
____
7. An object becomes charged if it contains unequal numbers of electrons and protons.
_________________________
____
8. Lightning is an extreme example of a static electric discharge. _________________________
____
9. The unit of measurement that refers to the quantity of charge passing through a point in a conducting wire per
unit of time is the coulomb. _________________________
The following diagram illustrates an electrochemical cell with an ammeter and a voltmeter connected in the
circuit.
____ 10. In the diagram above, C represents the source for the electrical circuit. _________________________
____ 11. The circuit illustrated above would not work if the positions of C and D were reversed.
_________________________
____ 12. In the circuit illustrated above, the conductor is labelled A. _________________________
____ 13. The term used to describe the potential difference across an electric circuit is the load.
_________________________
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Name: ________________________
ID: A
____ 14. If all other factors remain constant, the electrical resistance of a conductor increases with the length of the
conductor. _________________________
____ 15. A substance that can conduct electricity is known as an electrode. _________________________
____ 16. As more resistors are added to a series circuit, the total resistance of the circuit increases.
_________________________
____ 17. A switch in one branch of a parallel circuit will not affect a lamp in another branch.
_________________________
____ 18. A parallel circuit requires one power supply for each of the branches in the circuit.
_________________________
____ 19. The picture of the racetrack is like a series circuit. In a series circuit, electric charges have many paths
through which they can flow. _________________________
____ 20. In a parallel circuit, the potential difference across each load is equal. _________________________
____ 21. Power is measured in units known as joules (J). _________________________
____ 22. A 1400 W electric baseboard heater consumes more energy per minute than does a 1000 W kettle.
_________________________
____ 23. The unit kW•h is a measure of energy consumption. _________________________
Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
____ 24. How will two acetate strips charged in the same way react to each other?
a) They will attract one another.
b) They will repel one another.
c) They will not affect one another.
d) They will neutralize one another.
____ 25. When a negatively charged acetate strip and a positively charged vinyl strip are brought together, they will
a) attract one another.
b) repel one another.
c) not affect one another.
d) both become negatively charged.
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Name: ________________________
ID: A
____ 26. A plastic ball hanging by a string is attracted to a positively charged plastic rod. What can you conclude
about the ball?
a) It could be neutral or positively charged.
b) It is definitely positively charged.
c) It is definitely negatively charged.
d) It could be neutral or negatively charged.
____ 27. How does a positively charged object become neutralized?
a) It loses protons.
c) It gains electrons.
b) It gains protons.
d) It loses electrons.
____ 28. When an uncharged object loses electrons, it becomes
a) fully charged.
c) neutral.
b) negatively charged.
d) positively charged.
____ 29. What charge will a material take on if it gains electrons?
a) a negative charge
c) a neutral charge
b) no charge
d) a positive charge
____ 30. Which of the following are among the laws of static electricity?
I.
II.
III.
IV.
V.
VI.
Similar charges attract.
Similar charges repel.
Opposite charges attract.
Opposite charges repel.
Neutral objects are not attracted to charged objects.
Neutral objects are attracted to charged objects.
a) I, IV, and VI
c) II, III, and V
b) I, IV, and VI
d) II, III, and VI
____ 31. Materials that do not allow a charge to move freely on or through them are called
a) conductors.
c) balanced.
b) unbalanced.
d) insulators.
____ 32. Materials that allow charges to flow through them are called
a) unbalanced.
c) insulators.
b) conductors.
d) balanced.
____ 33. Sometimes a material is charged by rubbing or touching and the charge remains stationary. This is an
example of
a) a balanced charge.
c) static electricity.
b) an unbalanced charge.
d) an insulator.
The following diagram illustrates the charge on three different objects, A, B, and C.
____ 34. In the illustration above, object A is
a) positively charged.
b) negatively charged.
c)
d)
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neutral.
a semiconductor.
Name: ________________________
ID: A
____ 35. Based on the illustration above, if object C is brought close to object B,
a) the objects will repel one another.
b) the objects will attract one another.
c) object C will be neutralized.
d) object A will be neutralized.
____ 36. Based on the illustration above, for object C to become positively charged, it would have to
a) gain electrons.
b) lose electrons.
c) be brought together with object B.
d) be brought together with object A.
____ 37. In the illustration above, object B is
a) uncharged.
c) an insulator.
b) positively charged.
d) negatively charged.
____ 38. Based on the illustration above, object B would be
a) attracted to object A and repelled by object C.
b) attracted to object C and repelled by object A.
c) repelled by object A and attracted to object C.
d) none of the above.
____ 39. Which of the following most accurately explains the difference between an insulator and a conductor?
a) A conductor traps and holds electrons more readily than an insulator.
b) Insulators do not allow charges to move freely through them, but conductors do.
c) Insulators are metals, while conductors are usually synthetic materials.
d) Rubbing a conductor with fur will cause it to stick to a wall, but rubbing an insulator
with fur will not have any effect.
____ 40. Which of the following statements best describes the structure of an atom?
a) a positively charged nucleus, consisting of protons and neutrons, orbited by electrons
b) electrons and protons within the nucleus, orbited by neutrons
c) a dense, positively charged nucleus, orbited by protons and electrons
d) negatively charged protons and neutrons in the nucleus, orbited by electrons
____ 41. Many household electric plugs have two prongs. Some household appliances have plugs with three prongs.
Which of the following statements best describes the function of this third, rounded prong?
a) It allows electricity to flow into the appliance faster.
b) It keeps the plug attached to the wall better.
c) It allows the appliance to operate at a higher temperature.
d) It helps protect against electric shocks and fires by connecting to the grounding wire.
____ 42. Why are household electrical wires covered with rubber or plastic?
a) to prevent electric shocks
b) to make the wires more flexible
c) so that wires can be made in different colours
d) to keep the wires warm in cool weather
____ 43. A new tool is being designed for electricians who wire houses. Which material would be the safest to use in
the tool’s handle to prevent electric shocks?
a) copper
c) plastic
b) aluminum
d) carbon
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Name: ________________________
ID: A
The following diagram illustrates a simple circuit.
____ 44. What is the best way to measure the current through the circuit illustrated above?
a) a voltmeter inserted between the battery and the switch
b) an ammeter inserted between the battery and the switch
c) an ammeter inserted between the lamp and the battery
d) either B or C
____ 45. For current to flow around the circuit illustrated above, which of the following conditions must be satisfied?
a) The battery must have sufficient energy stored within it.
b) Both wires must be connected to the positive terminal of the battery.
c) The switch must be in the closed position.
d) Both A and C.
____ 46. In the circuit illustrated above, the current flows
a) from the positive terminal of the battery through the circuit to the negative terminal.
b) from the negative terminal of the battery through the circuit to the positive terminal.
c) only when the switch is open.
d) Both B and C.
____ 47. What feature of a river is the best analogy for current in an electric circuit?
a) the volume of water that moves past a particular point measured in litres per second
b) the depth of the river measured in metres
c) the vertical drop between two points along the river measured in metres
d) the speed of water flow measured in metres per second
____ 48. What feature of a river is the best analogy for potential difference in an electric circuit?
a) the width of the river measured in metres
b) the speed of water flow measured in metres per second
c) the vertical drop between two points along the river measured in metres
d) the volume of water that moves past a particular point measured in litres per second
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Name: ________________________
ID: A
____ 49. What instrument is used to measure electric current?
a) an ammeter
c) an ohmmeter
b) a switch
d) a voltmeter
____ 50. What is the unit of measurement for electric current?
a) the ampere
c) the electron
b) the charge
d) the volt
____ 51. When you measure current, you are measuring the number of
a) neutrons that pass a point in 1 s.
b) protons that pass a point in 1 s.
c) electrons that pass a point in 1 s.
d) atoms that pass a point in 1 s.
____ 52. Potential difference is more commonly referred to as
a) current.
c) joules.
b) amperes.
d) voltage.
____ 53. The symbol I is used to represent
a) load.
c) volts.
b) current.
d) power.
____ 54. When an electric circuit is set up, the main purpose of a source is to provide
a) heat.
c) resistance.
b) current.
d) insulation.
____ 55. The part of a complete circuit that converts electricity into other forms of energy is known as the
a) control.
c) load.
b) conductor.
d) source.
____ 56. Some circuit elements are best illustrated as a resistor in a circuit diagram. Which list includes only devices
that could be represented best as resistors?
a) electric motor, toaster, radio
b) light bulb, motor, voltmeter
c) power supply, battery
d) kettle, switch, copper wires
____ 57. Which of the following is not a requirement for an electric circuit?
a) a continuous pathway
c) a conductor
b) a grounder
d) a source
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Name: ________________________
ID: A
____ 58.
____ 59.
____ 60.
____ 61.
____ 62.
____ 63.
In the water system illustrated above, which of the numbered elements is like the conductor in an electric
circuit?
a) 1
c) 3
b) 2
d) 4
A series circuit consists of two loads and a 6 V power source. Readings are taken to measure the resistance of
each load. The 6 V power source is then replaced by a 9 V power source. How does the resistance of each
load change after the change in power supply?
a) The resistance of each load remains the same.
b) The resistance of each load increases by a factor of 1.5.
c) The resistance of each load decreases by a factor of 1.5.
d) The resistance of the first load increases, but the resistance of the second load decreases.
To determine the resistance of an electrical device in a simple electric circuit, you would have to take
measurements using
a) an ammeter.
b) a voltmeter.
c) an ammeter and a voltmeter.
d) two voltmeters, one for the battery and one for the device.
Which of the following best describes Ohm’s law?
a) Potential difference equals energy divided by charge.
b) Resistance equals potential difference divided by current.
c) Resistance equals current divided by potential difference.
d) Current equals charge divided by time.
Which unit of measurement is used for resistance?
a) joules per coulomb (J/C)
c) volts per ampere (V/A)
d) amperes per ohms (A/Ω)
b) ohms per ampere (Ω/A)
Voltage, current, potential difference, and resistance are all features of an electric circuit. Which of the
following terms describes what opposes the motion of electrons?
a) Resistance
c) Current
b) Potential difference
d) Voltage
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Name: ________________________
ID: A
____ 64. The following diagram illustrates a circuit that consists of a battery, a switch, and a lamp.
The battery has a voltage of 9 V and the lamp has a resistance of 6 Ω. What is the current through the circuit?
a) 0.67 A
c) 1.5 A
b) 3 A
d) 72 A
____ 65. The following diagram illustrates a circuit consisting of a battery, a switch, and a lamp.
What is the effect of doubling the resistance of the lamp without changing the voltage of the battery?
a) The current is unchanged.
c) The current is doubled.
b) The current is halved.
d) The current is quadrupled.
____ 66. Many electronic circuits contain resistors that help them work properly. Which of the following is the main
risk associated with having resistors in a circuit?
a) They make devices move too slowly.
b) They heat up and create a fire hazard.
c) They make it difficult to control the current.
d) They cause the electrons to move too quickly.
____ 67. In a standard flashlight battery, electrons leave the battery from the
a) neutral terminal.
c) positive terminal.
b) negative terminal.
d) voltage terminal.
____ 68. The key difference between a dry cell and a wet cell is in the
a) conductivity of the electrodes.
c) conductivity of the electrolyte.
b) state of the electrolyte.
d) state of the electrodes.
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Name: ________________________
ID: A
____ 69. An electrochemical cell converts
a) chemical energy into electrical energy.
b) electrical energy into chemical energy.
c) chemical energy into light.
d) electrical energy into light.
____ 70. Which of the following best describes the movement of electrons around a series circuit?
a) The electrons take one of several possible paths.
b) The electrons give up equal amounts of energy as they pass through each branch of the
circuit.
c) The current is higher near the power source than anywhere else in the circuit.
d) The electrons follow the same path around the circuit.
____ 71. A series circuit has three 5 Ω resistors. What is the total resistance of the circuit?
c) 15
a) 0.2
b) 5
d) 45
____ 72. Which of the following characteristics do parallel circuits display?
I. The potential difference is the same across each branch.
II. The sum of the currents through all branches is equal to the total current through the entire circuit.
III. The total resistance of the circuit increases as more loads are added in parallel.
a) II and III
c) III
b) I and III
d) I and II
The following diagram illustrates a circuit consisting of a battery, a switch, and a lamp.
____ 73. In the circuit illustrated above, what will happen to the lamp if a resistor is added to the circuit at point A?
a) It will get brighter.
c) It will go out.
b) It will get dimmer.
d) It will remain unchanged.
____ 74. You add a second identical lamp to the circuit illustrated above by connecting it from point B to point C.
Which of the following is true?
a) The two lamps are of equal brightness, but they are dimmer than the single lamp was.
b) The two lamps are of equal brightness, and are as bright as the single lamp was.
c) The new lamp is brighter than the original lamp.
d) The original lamp is brighter than the new lamp.
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Name: ________________________
ID: A
____ 75. The following circuit has three identical lamps connected in parallel.
When an electric current is passed through the circuit,
a) the lamp closest to the energy source will be the brightest.
b) the lamp farthest from the energy source will be the brightest.
c) the lamp in the middle will be the brightest.
d) the lamps will all have the same brightness.
____ 76. Electrical surges can be caused by
a) turning on a large electrical appliance.
c) a lightning strike.
b) turning off a large electrical appliance.
d) all of the above.
The following diagram shows four different circuits in which two motors and a lamp are connected to a
battery.
____ 77. In which of the circuits shown above will the motors work only when the switch is closed?
a) I, II, and III
c) I, III, and IV
b) I, II, and IV
d) II, III, and IV
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Name: ________________________
ID: A
____ 78. Of the circuits shown above, which will allow the lamp to light up only when the switch is closed?
a) I and II
c) I, II, and IV
b) I and III
d) I, II, III, and IV
____ 79. If a family receives an electric bill of $122.00 for a month, and the power company charges 10 cents per
kW•h, how much energy did the family use?
a) 122 kW•h
c) 12 200 kW•h
b) 1220 kW•h
d) 122 000 kW•h
____ 80. A current of 16 A passes through a hair dryer when it is connected to a 110 V wall outlet. What is the power
of the hair dryer?
a) 6.9 W
c) 145 W
b) 1760 W
d) 0.145 W
____ 81. Which of the following is measured in watts?
a) voltage
c) current
b) power
d) resistance
____ 82. A home theatre requires 10 A to operate. What is the power of the theatre when it is connected to a 120 V
household circuit?
a) 12 W
c) 1200 W
b) 8300 W
d) 83 W
____ 83. How much does it cost to run a 2 kW•h freezer for 24 h if the cost of energy is 10 cents per kilowatt-hour?
a) $0.48
c) $2.40
b) $1.20
d) $4.80
____ 84. A 240 W laptop computer requires 10 A to operate. What is the voltage produced by the computer’s battery
pack?
a) 12 V
c) 2400 V
b) 24 V
d) 1200 V
____ 85. The power rating label on a clothes dryer tells you
a) how much current the dryer uses per second of operation.
b) how much energy the dryer uses per second of operation.
c) how the efficiency of this dryer compares to other kinds of dryers.
d) how much energy the dryer is likely to use in one year.
____ 86. An MP3 player using two 1.5 V AA cells in series has a total voltage of 3 V. It can withstand a maximum
current of 2 A. What is the maximum power of the MP3 player?
a) 3 W
c) 2.5 W
b) 6 W
d) 1.33 W
____ 87. If a dishwasher uses 2 160 000 J of energy in 30 min, what is the power consumption of this appliance?
a) 1.2 W
c) 120 W
b) 12 W
d) 1200 W
____ 88. If a dishwasher consumes 2400 W of power in 60 min, how much energy has been used by this appliance?
a)
b)
144 000 J
864 000 J
c)
d)
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1 440 000 J
8 640 000 J
Name: ________________________
ID: A
Completion
Complete each statement.
89. An arrangement of electrical components through which electrons follow an unbroken path is known as a
____________________.
90. Electrons flowing through a conductor constitute an electric ____________________.
91.
The device shown above is known as a ____________________ and is used to measure the
____________________ in a circuit.
92. You can start and stop the flow of current around a circuit by inserting a ____________________ into the
circuit.
93. The ____________________ of a material is the property that determines how difficult it is to force an
electric current through that material.
Matching
Match each term to one of the following definitions.
a) connecting an object to Earth with a conducting wire
b) a charge produced by rubbing objects together
c) material that offers little or no resistance to the flow of charges
d) material through which a charge does not move
e) material that holds its electrons loosely
____
____
____
____
____
94.
95.
96.
97.
98.
static electricity
electrical insulator
grounding
superconductor
electrical conductor
Match each term to one of the following definitions.
a) electron
d) nucleus
b) proton
e) ion
c) neutron
____ 99. the part of an atom that is positively charged
____ 100. the part of an atom that is negatively charged
____ 101. the region of an atom that accounts for most of its mass
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Name: ________________________
ID: A
____ 102. the part of an atom that has no electric charge
____ 103. an atom that has unequal numbers of protons and electrons
Match the term to one of the following diagrams.
d)
a)
____
____
____
____
____
104.
105.
106.
107.
108.
b)
e)
c)
f)
ignore
bulb
conducting wire
open switch
battery
closed switch
Match the function to the component of a simple circuit. Not all components will be used.
a) conducting wire
d) switch
b) battery
e) ammeter
c) voltmeter
f) load
____
____
____
____
____
109.
110.
111.
112.
113.
converts chemical energy into electrical potential energy
carries current around a circuit
provides a means of interrupting the current
converts electrical energy into some other form(s) of energy
measures the current passing through a part of a circuit
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ID: A
Physics Test Review
Answer Section
MODIFIED TRUE/FALSE
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
F, electrons
F, solids and liquids
T
T
F, repel each other, attract
F, may
T
T
F, ampere
T
T
F, B
F, voltage
T
F, electrolyte
T
T
F, the whole
F, only one path
T
F, watts (W)
T
T
MULTIPLE CHOICE
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
36.
B
A
D
C
D
A
D
D
B
C
C
B
B
1
ID: A
37.
38.
39.
40.
41.
42.
43.
44.
45.
46.
47.
48.
49.
50.
51.
52.
53.
54.
55.
56.
57.
58.
59.
60.
61.
62.
63.
64.
65.
66.
67.
68.
69.
70.
71.
72.
73.
74.
75.
76.
77.
78.
79.
80.
81.
B
D
B
A
D
A
C
D
D
B
A
C
A
A
C
D
B
B
C
A
B
B
A
C
B
C
A
C
B
B
B
B
A
D
C
D
B
B
D
D
D
C
B
B
B
2
ID: A
82.
83.
84.
85.
86.
87.
C
D
B
B
B
D
Total time:
t = 30 min ×
60 s
1 min
= 1800 s
Power is:
E
P=
t
=
2160000
1800
= 1200 W
1200 W of power are consumed.
88. D
Time is:
60 s
t = 60 min ×
min
= 3600 s
Energy is:
E = Pt
= 2400 W × 3600 s
= 8640000 J
8 640 000 J or 8.64 × 106 J are consumed.
COMPLETION
89.
90.
91.
92.
93.
circuit
current
ammeter, current
switch
resistance
MATCHING
94.
95.
96.
97.
B
D
A
C
3
ID: A
98. E
99.
100.
101.
102.
103.
B
A
D
C
E
104.
105.
106.
107.
108.
D
F
A
B
C
109.
110.
111.
112.
113.
B
A
D
F
E
4