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Transcript
Phylum Tracheophyta: Class Filicinae Ferns Name ______________________ Date _____________________ Block ________________ Try This… 1. What is the dominant stage in the moss life cycle?. _________________________________________ 2. What does the term Alternation of Generation mean? _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________ 2. Is the sporophyte haploid or diploid? ________________________________________ 3. How do moss move water around the plant? _________________________________________ 4. Does moss have leaves and roots? __________________________________________________________ PhylumTracheophyta: Class Filicinae - Ferns Ferns were among the first multicellular organisms to move onto land In order to live on land ferns had to solve the problems that life on land presented. Problems Faced By Plants That Live On Land Require a constant __________________supply Land plants need to obtain water and then from via evaporation the water they obtain Require rigid support to hold leaves up to the sun The process of _________________________ requires __________________ in the form of _______________ Photosynthesis is carried out in the __________ Need to exchange ______________ with the environment Plants need to and ____________________ Plants need to avoid water loss when they exchange gases with the environment Need to be able to _____________ in an environment that lacks water Unifying Characteristics of Ferns Ferns developed _________________________ Two types of vascular tissue ______________ – transports water from the roots to all parts of the plant ______________ – transports nutrients and products of photosynthesis to all parts of the plant Characteristics That Unify Ferns With the development of vascular tissue ferns evolved ____________________ Ferns obtain a constant supply of ____________ with true roots Have _____________ which are underground stems With the development of vascular tissue ferns evolved true _____________ called ______________ Fronds are photosynthetic and contain one or more bundles of vascular tissue gathered into _______________ One important type of cell present in vascular tissue is the ___________ Tracheid cells carry water from the roots in the soil to the leaves in the air Tracheid cells have _________________ that strengthen stems and help plants stand up Leaves of ferns have a waxy covering called a ___________ The cuticle helps prevent ___________ by evaporation Alternation of Generations in Ferns Fern sporophytes produce _______________ on the underside of their _____________ Spores are produced in tiny containers called ___________________ Sporangia are grouped into large clusters called __________________ (singular:sorus) Spores are released from the sporangia and are carried by ____________________ Spores eventually land, and if environmental conditions are right the spore begins to ____ Spores develop into haploid ______________________ The gametophyte develops rhizoids that flatten out into a heart-shaped structure called the _____________ ______________________and ___________________ are the male and female parts which produce _____________________ When the antheridia mature, _____________________ are released Fertilization still _________________________ Gametes (sperm and eggs) are found on the underside of the prothallium ferns grow in moist environments because the sperm need to swim to the eggs The zygote that forms from fertilization starts to grow into a new _________________ plant As the sporophyte grows, it puts out its rhizomes and fronds the gametophyte withers away The sporopyte stage is the __________________ stage The sporophyte can live for ___________________ Try This… 1. What is the dominant stage of the fern life cycle? The moss? Fern ________________________________ Moss ________________________________ 2. Why do ferns need to live in a moist environment? _______________________________________________________________ 3. How do ferns accomplish gas exchange without losing too much water? _______________________________________________________________ 4. How do Ferns move water around the plant? Nutrients? _______________________________________________________________ 5. Where does photosynthesis occur? How do the products of photosynthesis move around the plant? __________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ 6. Which Fern generation is haploid? Diploid? Haploid?_________________________________________________________ Diploid? _________________________________________________________