Download Overview of the Cells WS

Name ________________________________________Period_____________
Anatomy & Physiology
Chapter 3: Cells & Tissues
Part 1 - Cells and Organelles
Overview of the Cellular Basis of Life:
Answer the following questions by inserting your responses in the answer blanks.
1. Name the four elements that make up the bulk of living matter.
a. _______________________________________________________________
b. _______________________________________________________________
c. _______________________________________________________________
d. _______________________________________________________________
2. Name the single most abundant material or substance in living matter. ________________
3. Name the major building/structural material of the cell. ___________________________
4. Name the trace element most important for making bones hard. _______________________
5. Name the element, found in trace amounts, needed to make hemoglobin for oxygen
transport.__________________
6. Name five functions common to all cells.
a. ________________________________________________________________
b. ________________________________________________________________
c. ________________________________________________________________
d. ________________________________________________________________
e. ________________________________________________________________
7. List seven specializations of cells and give an example of each.
a. ______________________________-______________
b. ______________________________-______________
c. ______________________________-______________
d. ______________________________-______________
e. ______________________________-______________
f. ______________________________-______________
g. ______________________________-______________
8. Name the fluid, similar to “seawater”, that surrounds and bathes all body cells
______________________________
9. Name the three major regions of all cells.
a. ________________________________________
b. ________________________________________
c. ________________________________________
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Name ________________________________________Period_____________
Using the following terms correctly label all cell parts indicated by leader lines in the Figure.
•
•
•
•
Plasma membrane
Mitochondrion
Nuclear membrane
Centrioles
•
•
•
•
Chromatin threads
Nucleolus
Golgi apparatus
Microvilli
•
•
Rough ER
Smooth ER
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Name: __________________________________________ Date: ________ Period: ____
Complete the following table to fully describe the various cell parts.
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Name: __________________________________________ Date: ________ Period: ____
Part 2 -Plasma Membrane and Cell Transport
The Plasma membranes: Structure and Functions
The diagram below is a portion of a plasma membrane. Label the diagram using the words below.
•
•
•
•
•
Polar heads of Phospholipid molecules ___
Nonpolar tails of Phospholipid molecules ___
Protein molecules ___, ___
Carbohydrate molecules ___
Cholesterol molecules ___
A
F
1. What name is given to this model of membrane structure? __________________________
2. What is the function of cholesterol molecules in the plasma membrane? _______________
3. Name the carbohydrate-rich area at the cell surface (indicated by bracket A).
_______________________
4. Which label, B or C, indicates the nonpolar region of a phospholipid molecule?
_______________________
5. Does nonpolar mean hydrophobic or hydrophilic?
________________________________________________
6. Which label, D or E, indicates an integral protein and which a peripheral protein?
integral_________ peripheral ____________
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Name: __________________________________________ Date: ________ Period: ____
Key Choices: Choose all that apply.
A. Bulk-phase endocytosis
D. Exocytosis
F. Phagocytosis
B. Filtration
E. Solute pumping
G. Receptor-mediated endocytosis
C. Diffusion, osmosis
_________ 1. Engulfment processes that require ATP
_________ 2. Driven by molecular energy
_________ 3. Driven by hydrostatic (fluid) pressure (typically blood pressure in the body)
_________ 4. Moves down (with) a concentration gradient
_________ 5. Moves up (against) a concentration gradient; requires a carrier
_________ 6. Uses a clanthrin coated vesicle ("pit")
_________7. Typically involves coupled systems, that is, symports or antiports
_________8. Examples of vesicular transport
_________ 9
A means of bringing fairly large panicles into the cell
_________ 10. Used to eject wastes and to secrete cell products
A
A
1. Name the type of tonicity
C.
a. _____________________________
b. _____________________________
c. _____________________________
2.
C
B
illustrated in diagrams A, B, and
Name the terms that describe the cellular shapes in diagrams A, B, and C
a. _____________________________
b. _____________________________
c. _____________________________
3. What does isotonic mean?
_______________________________________________________________________________
4. Why are the cells in diagram C bursting?
_______________________________________________________________________________
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Name: __________________________________________ Date: ________ Period: ____
Protein Synthesis Worksheet
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
A
Fill in the complementary strand of DNA using the DNA base pairing rules.
Fill in the correct mRNA bases by transcribing the bottom DNA code.
Translate the mRNA codons and find the correct amino acid using the Codon Table.
Write in the amino acid and the correct anti-codon, the t-RNA molecule.
Answer the questions about protein synthesis below.
T
G
G
T
A
G
C
T
A
A
C
C
T
T
DNA
1.
mRNA
2.
tRNA
3.
amino
acids
4.
5. mRNA is synthesized in transcription or translation?
6. mRNA has codons or anti-codons?
7. how many codons equal one amino acid, 1 or 3?
8. tRNA brings amino acids to the nucleus or ribosome?
9. A polypeptide is a sequence of proteins or amino
acids?
10. tRNA has codons or anti-codons?
11. tRNA transfers amino acids during transcription or
translation?
12. Ribosomes are the site where transcription or
translation takes place?
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Name: __________________________________________ Date: ________ Period: ____
Part 3 - Body Tissues
Complete the following table to fully describe the various tissues.
Classification of Tissues
Tissue Type
Classification
Epithelial
Simple squamous
Appearance and
Function
Common Locations
in the Body
Simple cuboidal
Pseudostratified
(ciliate)
columnar
Stratified
squamous
Transitional
Connective
Osseous (bone)
Hyaline cartilage
Fibrocartilage
Elastic cartilage
Dense fibrous
Areolar
Adipose (fat)
Reticular
Blood
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Name: __________________________________________ Date: ________ Period: ____
Tissue Type
Classification
Muscle
Smooth
Appearance and
Function
Common Locations
in the Body
Skeletal
Cardiac
Nervous
Neurons and
supporting cells
Name the following tissues and an example of where they are found in the body:
1. Name: _____________________
Location: _________________
2. Name: _____________________
Location: _________________
3. Name: _____________________
Location: _________________
4. Name: _____________________
Location: _________________
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