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Plate Tectonics Unit Test Study Guide Test Date: Friday, November 6th Name: ___ KEY __ ___________________ Date: ___________ Class: ___________ 1. What was the name of the super continent that was once one land mass? Pangaea 2. Define the process of sea-floor spreading (include the age of the rock close to & far from the mid-ocean ridge. The seafloor spreads as plates move apart. Older rock is found far away from the mid-ocean ridge as newer rock forms near the ridge. 3. What is the Theory proposed by Wegener that explains the movement of the continents over millions of years? Continental Drift 4. Define divergent boundary. Places where plates pull or move away from each other 5. Draw a picture to show how the plates move at divergent boundaries. ← → 6. Name & Describe the stress that occurs at divergent boundaries. Stress of Tension rock is pulled apart making it thin in the middle (like warm bubble gum or silly putty) 7. How does the rock break at divergent boundaries? (What is the fault?) Normal Fault – the rock drops down as it breaks 8. List the 2 geologic features/events that occur at divergent boundaries. A rift valley forms on continents or seafloor spreading happens to create new ocean floor (basalt) 9. Define convergent boundary. Places where 2 plates crunch or collide into each other 10. Draw a picture to show how the plates move at convergent boundaries → ← 11. Name & Describe the stress that occurs at convergent boundaries? Stress of Compression - rock presses together as the plates collide 12. How does the rock break at convergent boundaries? (What is the fault?) A Reverse Fault – the rock is pushed up 13. List 2 geologic features/events that occur at convergent boundaries. Mountain ranges may form or volcanoes may form at subduction zones 14. Define transform boundary. Places where plates build up stress then slide past each other 15. Draw a picture to show how the plates move at transform boundaries → ← 16. Name & Describe the stress that occurs at transform boundaries. Stress of Shearing (“like the rock has been cut with scissors or shears”) 17. How does the rock break at transform boundaries? (What is the fault?) Strike-Slip Fault 18. List the geologic feature/event that occurs at transform boundaries. Name the famous one in CA. Ea rthquakes - like what happens along the San Andreas Fault in California 19. What is the process that the recycles old rock as a denser plate dives under a less dense plate? This process may trigger volcanic eruptions nearby. Subduction 20. In the mantle, heat is transferred as soft rock flows slowly in cycles known as what? These make the plates move around on Earth’s surface. CONVECTION CURRENTS 21. Describe the asthenosphere and lithosphere. T he lithosphere is made up of the top of the mantle and the crust. It is very rigid. It is on top of the athenosphere, a layer of hotter, softer rock in the upper mantle. 22. Draw a cross section of Earth. Include the continental crust, oceanic crust, lithosphere, asthenosphere, mantle, outer core, and inner core. Also describe if they are solid or liquid.