Download Processes Within an Ecosystem

Grade 6 Science, Quarter 1, Unit 1.1
Processes Within an Ecosystem
Overview
Number of instructional days:
16
(1 day = 45 minutes)
Content to be learned
Science processes to be integrated
•
Use data and observations to identify the
variety of relationships within an ecosystem
including predator/prey, consumer / producer /
decomposer, and host/parasite relationship.
•
Use data and observations to predict outcomes.
•
Identify relationships in a system.
•
Make comparisons.
•
Use data and observations to predict the
outcomes of catastrophic events on ecosystems.
•
Trace the cycle of matter in a system.
•
Complete a food web for a given ecosystem to
trace how matter cycles among and between
organisms and the environment.
•
Create and use models/diagrams.
•
Recognize cause-and-effect relationships.
Essential questions
•
How do the various relationships that exist in
an ecosystem compare to each other?
•
Why are food webs a good way to show the
cycling of matter in ecosystems?
•
How are the various relationships that exist in
ecosystems impacted by catastrophic events?
•
Why are decomposers important to
ecosystems?
Cumberland, Lincoln, and Woonsocket Public Schools, with process support from the Charles A. Dana Center at the University of Texas at Austin 1 Grade 6 Science, Quarter 1, Unit 1.1
Processes Within an Ecosystem (16 days)
Written Curriculum
Grade-Span Expectations
LS2 - Matter cycles and energy flows through an ecosystem.
LS2 (5-8) INQ+SAE -5
Using data and observations, predict outcomes when abiotic/biotic factors are changed in an ecosystem.
LS2 (5-6) –5 Students demonstrate an understanding of equilibrium in an ecosystem by …
5a identifying and defining an ecosystem and the variety of relationships within it (e.g.,
predator/prey, consumer/ producer/decomposer, host/parasite, catastrophic events).
LS2 (5-8) SAE-7
Given an ecosystem, trace how matter cycles among and between organisms and the physical environment
(includes water, oxygen, food web, decomposition, recycling but not carbon cycle or nitrogen cycle).
LS2 (5-6)-7 Students demonstrate an understanding of recycling in an ecosystem by …
7b completing a basic food web for a given ecosystem.
Clarifying the Standards
Prior Learning
In grades K–2, students cared for plants and/or animals through identification and providing for their
needs. Students experimented with a plant’s growth under different conditions, such as light or no light.
In grades 3–4, students identified the sources of energy involved in an organism’s survival. They also
acted out or constructed simple diagrams of a simple food web demonstrating that all food begins with the
sun. Students have previously explained the way that plants and animals depend on each other. Just as
students have used the scientific process skills to learn the content in grades K–4, sixth-graders will use
the different process skills to demonstrate content learned.
In grade 5, students demonstrated an understanding of recycling in an ecosystem by explaining the
processes of precipitation, evaporation, and condensation as parts of the water cycle.
Cumberland, Lincoln, and Woonsocket Public Schools, with process support from the Charles A. Dana Center at the University of Texas at Austin 2 Grade 6 Science, Quarter 1, Unit 1.1
Processes Within an Ecosystem (16 days)
Current Learning
The instructional level falls between developmental and reinforcement. While students have exposure to
the basic idea of energy in an ecosystem, they are unfamiliar with some terminology that is introduced in
grade 5 and 6. Demonstrating an understanding of equilibrium in an ecosystem is a new concept for
students in 6th grade. The terms consumer, producer, and decomposer are new to sixth grade and
instruction will need to be at the developmental level. Students identify and define an ecosystem as well
as the various relationships (predator/prey, consumer/producer/decomposer, and host/parasite). Students
should be able to make predictions about how catastrophic events impact an ecosystem. While identifying
the sun as a major energy source should be reviewed, students will now be trace the flow of matter in an
ecosystem.
Given an ecosystem, students will use food webs to trace how matter cycles among and between
organisms and the physical environment. They use models or diagram a scenario where they trace the
flow of matter through an ecosystem. Students show that organic matter generated by producers directly
or indirectly sustains consumer organisms that cannot make their own food. Students show that
consumers use, rearrange, and ultimately decompose the materials built up by the producers.
Students identify relationships within an ecosystem. Since the movement of organic matter and energy
from the producer level through various consumer levels makes up a food chain and interlocking food
chains make up a food web, tracing of the cycling of matter can be used as a way to approach this
learning. Students can show producer/consumer/decomposer and predator/prey, relationships by identify
the feeding patterns in a food web. For example, a typical food chain in a grassland might be: grass
(producer)—mouse (primary consumer)—snake (secondary consumer)—hawk (tertiary consumer). By
following the overlap between the food chains of the ecosystem (food webs) students can show that the
final link in all food chains is made up of decomposers, those heterotrophs that break down dead
organisms and organic wastes. By understanding that this matter then returns to the food web, students
can show the cycling of matter.
Using data and observations, students will predict outcomes when abiotic/biotic factors are changed in an
ecosystem. Through inquiry activities, students collect data and observe an ecosystem within the
classroom (bottle biology) or in the field (school yard or near by park). Students can use the prior
observations to identify various relationships (i.e., predator / prey, consumer / producer, etc.) within the
ecosystems. Students will compare the similarities and differences between an aquatic and a terrestrial
ecosystem through research, pictures, and first-hand observation. They can observe and draw the cycle of
matter through these systems.
Students recognize how substances within an ecosystem change when affected by catastrophic events
such as pollution, deforestation, or geological processes through the use of bottle biology experiments or
research. Students will create a model using pictures that can be manipulated to demonstrate
understanding of a food web.
As an introduction, students should have an opportunity to identify and define an ecosystem and the
variety of relationships within it. Students build a model ecosystem that they can use to identify and
define its traits. The focus should be on what students are doing in this grade level and how it is different
from what they have done before.
Cumberland, Lincoln, and Woonsocket Public Schools, with process support from the Charles A. Dana Center at the University of Texas at Austin 3 Grade 6 Science, Quarter 1, Unit 1.1
Processes Within an Ecosystem (16 days)
Future Learning
In grade 7 and 8, students will identify and analyze how abiotic and biotic factors affect an ecosystem,
predicting changes using a visual model. Students will diagram or sequence a series of steps that show
how matter cycles among and between organisms and the physical environment. They will develop a
model for a food web using local aquatic and local terrestrial environments. In addition, students will
explain the inverse nature or complementary aspects of photosynthesis/respiration in relation to carbon
dioxide, water, and oxygen exchange. Also, students will conduct a controlled investigation that shows
that the total amount of matter remains constant, even though its form and location change as matter is
transferred among and between organisms and the physical environment.
Additional Findings
Like other units, students will have to master the content-specific vocabulary used in this unit, including
ecosystem, abiotic and biotic factors, predator-prey, etc. By using real-world models and experiential
activities, students will grasp the vocabulary more effectively. (Making Sense of Secondary Science, 59).
Some foundational information that students need to be taught to understand in this unit includes the idea
of living vs. nonliving things. Students need to identify what is alive and why it is so. (Making Sense, 21).
Likewise, students confuse energy as food within an ecosystem, and how the cycle continues constantly
for living organisms.
Using arrow notation to help students learn a food web has not benefited students as much as using lines
to show trophic relationships (Making Sense, 61). Students need real-world models to understand how
words like “plant” and “animal” can be interchanged with producer, consumer, predator, prey, etc.
Students often only see the benefit that the “eater” or consumer derives in a system, rather than
understanding how the entire habitat and/or ecosystem benefit from all the organisms and processes
associated from those organisms within it. Lastly, students also have trouble understanding how
populations of organisms compete for scarce resources, and how pollution can affect even the most
minute and microscopic members of an ecosystem, which in turn, can affect larger members of the
system. (Making Sense, 66–69).
Cumberland, Lincoln, and Woonsocket Public Schools, with process support from the Charles A. Dana Center at the University of Texas at Austin 4 Grade 6 Science, Quarter 1, Unit 1.1
Processes Within an Ecosystem (16 days)
Notes About Resources and Materials
Books
•
Scott Foresman Reading Street Series Leveled Readers:
Ecosystems of the Rain Forests
The Battle Over the Rain Forests
Tribes of the Amazon Rain Forests
•
Science Explorer: Environmental Science. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.
Chapter 1, Living Things in the Environment, pp. 17–19; Interactions Among Living Things, pp. 31–
38
Chapter 2, Energy Flow in Ecosystems, pp. 44–50
•
Science Explorer: Cells and Heredity. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.
Photosynthesis pp. 50–54; Respiration pp. 55–59
Book Lists Online
•
http://ricat.net/cataloging/servlet/presentbooklistform.do?listID=5149152
Cells
•
http://www.sciencenetlinks.com/lessons.php?BenchmarkID=11&DocID=101
•
http://www.sciencenetlinks.com/lessons.php?BenchmarkID=11&DocID=88
Ecosystems
•
http://www.sciencenetlinks.com/lessons.php?BenchmarkID=11&DocID=275
•
http://www.accessexcellence.org/AE/AEC/AEF/1995/sinclair_ecosystem.php
•
http://teacher.scholastic.com/ACTIVITIES/explorer/ecosystems/be_an_explorer/
Food Webs
•
http://www.gould.edu.au/foodwebs/kids_web.htm
•
http://www.bigelow.org/edhab/fitting_algae.html
•
http://seagrant.gso.uri.edu/factsheets/foodweb.html
•
http://www.harcourtschool.com/activity/food/meadow_activity.html
•
http://www.vtaide.com/png/foodchains.htm
•
http://www.pbs.org/teachers/connect/resources/2805/preview/
Cumberland, Lincoln, and Woonsocket Public Schools, with process support from the Charles A. Dana Center at the University of Texas at Austin 5 Grade 6 Science, Quarter 1, Unit 1.1
Processes Within an Ecosystem (16 days)
Cumberland, Lincoln, and Woonsocket Public Schools, with process support from the Charles A. Dana Center at the University of Texas at Austin 6 Grade 6 Science, Quarter 1, Unit 1.2
Processes Within an Ecosystem—Energy Flow
Overview
Number of instructional days:
5
(1 day = 45 minutes)
Content to be learned
Science processes to be integrated
•
•
Recognize processes within a system.
•
Examine energy flow in systems
•
What substances are involved in the processes
of photosynthesis and respiration and why can
they be used as evidence of recycling of matter
and energy in an ecosystem?
Trace the flow of energy through an ecosystem,
beginning with the sun, through organisms in
the food web, and into the environment.
•
Describe the basic processes of photosynthesis
and respiration to demonstrate an
understanding of energy flow in ecosystems.
•
Recognize the substances involved in
photosynthesis and respiration.
Essential questions
•
What is photosynthesis and respiration and how
are they related to the flow of energy through
ecosystems?
•
How do the basic processes or photosynthesis
and respiration make it possible for the sun’s
energy to flow through ecosystems?
Cumberland, Lincoln, and Woonsocket Public Schools, with process support from the Charles A. Dana Center at the University of Texas at Austin 7 Grade 6 Science, Quarter 1, Unit 1.2
Processes Within an Ecosystem—Energy Flow (5 days)
Written Curriculum
Grade-Span Expectations
LS2 - Matter cycles and energy flows through an ecosystem.
LS2 (5-8) SAE– 6
Given a scenario trace the flow of energy through an ecosystem, beginning with the sun, through organisms in
the food web, and into the environment (includes photosynthesis and respiration).
LS2 (5-6) –6 Students demonstrate an understanding of energy flow in an ecosystem by …
6b describing the basic processes and recognizing the substances involved in photosynthesis and
respiration.
Clarifying the Standards
Prior Learning
In grades K–2, students learned that the sun is a source of heat energy and described how the sun warms
the land and water. They also learned, by observation, that plants need water, air, food, and light to grow.
They observed that animals need water, air, food, and shelter to grow. They learned by caring for plants
and/or animals, identifying and providing for their needs and experimenting with plant growth under
different conditions including light and no light.
In grades 3–4, students cited evidence to distinguish between living and nonliving things. They observed
that plants need water, air, food, light, and space to grow and reproduce and that animals need water, air,
food, and shelter/space to grow and reproduce. Students identified sources of energy in an ecosystem,
such as light and food. They also demonstrated that the food web begins with the sun’s energy and
designed and built a habitat that supports the organisms within it. They explained the interdependence of
plants and animals within that ecosystem as well as the impact of changes or imbalances (caused by fire,
human encroachment, weather conditions). They explained various ways the balance of an ecosystem can
be disturbed (i.e., overpopulation).
Current Learning
The developmental instructional level is appropriate for this unit of study. Students have learned that the
sun is the major source of energy in a food web but have not learned how energy flows through
ecosystems as a result of photosynthesis and respiration. An understanding of photosynthesis and
respiration is a new concept for students in the sixth grade.
In this unit of study, students will learn the basic processes of photosynthesis, and respiration. It is
important that students understand that carbon dioxide and water undergo a chemical change as result of
photosynthesis. The result of this change is the production of glucose and the release of oxygen. During
respiration, the products of photosynthesis (glucose and oxygen) undergo a chemical change and carbon
dioxide and water are the products of this change. The focus of this unit is the flow of energy through
ecosystems rather than the chemical processes involved in photosynthesis and respiration. Students
should describe how plants use energy from the sun (radiant energy) as they take in carbon dioxide and
Cumberland, Lincoln, and Woonsocket Public Schools, with process support from the Charles A. Dana Center at the University of Texas at Austin 8 Grade 6 Science, Quarter 1, Unit 1.2
Processes Within an Ecosystem—Energy Flow (5 days)
water and change them to produce glucose and release oxygen. Consumer organisms eat the substances
that are produced as a result of photosynthesis (chemical energy of food). These organisms then change
the products of photosynthesis (glucose and oxygen) back into carbon dioxide and water. This process
(respiration) is the step that makes the energy stored in food available to other organisms in an ecosystem.
Students can demonstrate their understanding of the flow of matter and energy through these coupled
processes by producing flow charts or diagrams that require them to indicate the flow of energy as it
flows from it source (the sun) through the organisms in a food web.
Future Learning
In grades 7–8, students will explain the transfer of the sun’s energy through living systems and its effect
upon them. Students will explain the relationship between photosynthesis and respiration. They will also
recognize the names and chemical formulas of substances involved in photosynthesis and respiration,
while tracing the flow of energy in a food web.
In high school, students will diagram the energy flow in an ecosystem to compare the energy at different
trophic levels. Students will also explain how the chemical elements and compounds that make up living
things pass through food webs and are combined and recombined in different ways. Students will also
explain the energy transfer with cells in photosynthesis and cellular respiration, tracking ATP production
and consumption.
Additional Findings
One of the greatest challenges to middle school students who first encounter this unit of study is grappling
and using the vocabulary involved with the photosynthesis process. Specifically, respiration is a difficult
concept for them to understand unless they have real-world processes and experiences to demonstrate it
(National Science Education Standards pp. 186–187).
Photosynthesis is often seen, not as something important to plants themselves, but as something that
plants do for the benefit of people and animals, particularly in relation to exchange of gases (Making
Sense of Secondary Science p. 33).
Students need to understand that energy flows in one direction and can also be called food for some
organisms. Students often do not understand energy as food. Because of this confusion and their
misconception of “food,” students may be unable to understand how energy converts within the process
to create different by products. Students do not understand that photosynthesis is a constant and cyclical
process (Making Sense of Secondary Science pp. 60–61).
The integration of ideas about feeding and energy into an ecological perspective is not evident in the
thinking of many students. Only half of a sample of undergraduate biology students, when asked about
the phrases “life depends on green plants” and the “web of life,” explained in terms of food chains. Only a
minority of these mentioned harnessing solar energy or photosynthesis as the reason why green plants are
crucial in the food chain. Even at the tertiary stage of education, nearly a quarter of the students expressed
views suggesting that other organisms exist for the benefit of humans. A subsequent study of students,
from age 13 up to undergraduate level, revealed that most students knew that animals could not exist in a
plant-free world, but some thought that carnivores could exist if the prey reproduced plentifully. About
half of the students at each age level indicated that animals could not live without plants because of their
oxygen need, but only about 10 percent mentioned the oxygen cycle in the context of the sun’s part in the
origin of life. (Making Sense of Secondary Science pp. 34–35).
Cumberland, Lincoln, and Woonsocket Public Schools, with process support from the Charles A. Dana Center at the University of Texas at Austin 9 Grade 6 Science, Quarter 1, Unit 1.2
Processes Within an Ecosystem—Energy Flow (5 days)
The best strategy to teaching photosynthesis is to use real-world diagrams, videos, experiments, field
study, etc., to improve their understanding of this dense vocabulary (Making Sense of Secondary Science,
pp. 64–69).
Cumberland, Lincoln, and Woonsocket Public Schools, with process support from the Charles A. Dana Center at the University of Texas at Austin 10 Grade 6 Science, Quarter 1, Unit 1.3
Characteristics of Living Organisms
Overview
Number of instructional days:
10
(1 day = 45 minutes)
Content to be learned
Science processes to be integrated
•
Define reproduction as a process through which
organisms produce offspring.
•
Describe and explain patterns of change.
•
Describe reproduction in terms of being
essential for the continuation of a species.
•
Explain the relationship between structure and
function.
•
Illustrate the structural organization of an
organism from a cell to tissue to organs to
organ systems to organisms.
•
Use flow charts to illustrate scientific
processes.
•
Explain relationships between or among the
structure and function of the cells, tissues,
organs, and organ systems in an organism.
•
What are the relationships between or among
the structure and function of the cells, tissues,
organs, and organ systems in an organism?
Essential questions
•
Why is reproduction essential to the survival of
a species?
Cumberland, Lincoln, and Woonsocket Public Schools, with process support from the Charles A. Dana Center at the University of Texas at Austin 11 Grade 6 Science, Quarter 1, Unit 1.3
Characteristics of Living Organisms (10 days)
Written Curriculum
Grade-Span Expectations
LS1 - All living organisms have identifiable structures and characteristics that allow for survival
(organisms, populations, & species).
LS1 (5-8) POC -3
Compare and contrast sexual reproduction with asexual reproduction.
LS1 (5-6) –3 Students demonstrate an understanding of reproduction by …
3a defining reproduction as a process through which organisms produce offspring.
3b describing reproduction in terms of being essential for the continuation of a species.
LS1 (5-8) FAF –4
Explain relationships between or among the structure and function of the cells, tissues, organs, and organ
systems in an organism.
LS1 (5-6) –4 Students demonstrate understanding of differentiation by…
4b recognizing and illustrating (e.g. flow chart) the structural organization of an organism from a
cell to tissue to organs to organ systems to organisms.
Clarifying the Standards
Prior Learning
In grades K–2, students demonstrated understanding of an ecosystem by caring for plants and providing
for their needs. Grade 1 students sequenced life cycles of plants and animals when given pictures of these
organisms; however, the reproductive process was not presented.
In grades 3–4, students demonstrated understanding of reproduction by sequencing the life cycles of
plants and animals and comparing the life cycles of two organisms. Students also demonstrated
understanding of human body systems by comparing and analyzing external features and characteristics
of humans and animals.
In grade 5, students investigated and compared a variety of plant and animal life cycles. Students also
identified cells as the building blocks of organisms and defined reproduction as a process in which
organisms produce offspring. Students were introduced to the idea that reproduction is essential to the
continuation of a species.
Cumberland, Lincoln, and Woonsocket Public Schools, with process support from the Charles A. Dana Center at the University of Texas at Austin 12 Grade 6 Science, Quarter 1, Unit 1.3
Characteristics of Living Organisms (10 days)
Current Learning
The developmental level of instruction is appropriate for this unit of study. Students have some prior
knowledge about the structures that help organisms survive but have not focused on reproduction as a
process. In this unit of study, students will learn about reproduction as it applies to structure and function.
It is important to emphasize how the process differs in plants and animals. This does not include teaching
the specifics of human reproduction; instead, students should discuss the basic processes involved in
beginning and continuing a species. Students describe reproduction as an essential continuation of the
species.
Students will learn how the different levels of organization in complex organisms allow for survival.
They begin by learning that cells are the building blocks of organisms. They learn that there are many
different types of cells and that each cell serves a function. This understanding of cells is applied to the
next level of organization—tissues. Students learn that there are many different types of tissues and that
these tissues are made up of different types of cells, depending on the function of the tissue. Students then
learn that the next level of organization is the organ, which is made up of different tissues and the tissues
are made up of different cells, all of which support the survival of the organism. Students apply the same
reasoning to their study of organ systems and finally the entire organism.
Students make use of models and diagrams to show the organization of an organism from cell to tissue, to
organ, to organ system, and to organism. This could be a flow chart or drawings. Students need to be able
to explain the relationship between the structure and function at each of these levels. For example,
students should understand that nerve cells have a specific structure that makes it possible for them to
transmit messages, throughout the body; bone cells have a specific structure that makes it possible for
them to form bones, etc. Students should also apply this same understanding to different tissues, organs,
and organ systems.
Future Learning
In grade 7, students will explain how cells have the same survival needs as organisms. They will observe
and describe individual cells as seen through a microscope, targeting the cell membrane, cell wall,
nucleus, and chloroplast. Students will observe, describe, and chart the growth, motion, and response of
living organisms. In eighth grade, students will explain reproduction as a fundamental process by which a
new individual receives genetic information from parent(s). Students should be able to describe forms of
asexual reproduction that involve the genetic contribution of only one parent (for example, budding,
vegetative propagation, etc.) and describe sexual reproduction as a process that combines the genetic
material of two parents to produce a new organism (for example, sperm/egg, pollen/ova). Eighth-graders
will explain that specialized cells perform specialized functions. They will also compare individual cells
of tissues and recognize the similarities between cells and how they function together to perform
specialized functions. Students will explain how each type of cell, tissue, and organ has a distinct
structure and set of functions that serve the organism as a whole.
Additional Findings
Within cells, many of the basic functions of organisms—such as extracting energy from food and getting
rid of waste—are carried out, and the way in which cells function is similar in all organisms.
(Benchmarks for Science Literacy, p. 112)
Cumberland, Lincoln, and Woonsocket Public Schools, with process support from the Charles A. Dana Center at the University of Texas at Austin 13 Grade 6 Science, Quarter 1, Unit 1.3
Characteristics of Living Organisms (10 days)
In the middle-school years, students should progress from studying life science from the point of view of
individual organisms to recognizing patterns in ecosystems and developing understanding about cellular
dimensions of living systems. Middle school students also begin to develop the understanding that the
body has organs that function together to maintain life. Living systems at all levels of organization
demonstrate the complementary nature of structure and function, which includes cells, organs, tissues,
organ systems, whole organisms, and ecosystems. Specialized cells perform specialized functions in
multicellular organisms. Groups of specialized cells cooperate to form a tissue, such as a muscle.
Different tissues are in turn grouped together to form larger functional units, called organs. Each type of
cell, tissue, and organ has a distinct structure and set of functions that serve the organism as a whole. In
addition, behavior is one kind of response an organism can make to an internal or environmental stimulus.
A behavioral response requires coordination and communication at many levels, including cells, organ
systems, and whole organisms. (National Science Education Standards, pp. 155–157)
Middle school students can extend their previous knowledge that some organisms are made up of
cooperating cells to comprehend that different organs are made up of different kinds of cells and organs
that serve the various needs of all cells, and that communication between cells in the same or different
organs is essential to the living system. (Atlas for Science Literacy, p. 74)
Some students seem to confuse the concepts of “cell” and “molecule.” In addition, students have similar
confusion about the order and magnitude of levels of organization. (Making Sense of Secondary Science,
p. 25)
Preliminary research indicates that it may be easier for students to understand that the cell is the basic unit
of structure (which they can observe) than that the cell is the basic unit of function (which has to be
inferred from experiments). Research also shows that high-school students may hold various
misconceptions about cells after traditional instruction.
(Strand map —http://strandmaps.nsdl.org/?id=SMS-MAP-1397)
Cumberland, Lincoln, and Woonsocket Public Schools, with process support from the Charles A. Dana Center at the University of Texas at Austin 14 Grade 6 Science, Quarter 1, Unit 1.3
Characteristics of Living Organisms (10 days)
Notes About Resources and Materials
Books
• Science Explorer: Human Biology and Health. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.
Levels of Organization of the Body, pp.16–22
• Science Explorer: Bacteria to Plants. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.
Chapter 1, What is Life? pp. 16–33; Chapter 4, The Plant Kingdom, pp. 110–124
• Science Explorer: Environmental Science. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.
Chapter 1, Living Things in the Environment, pp. 17–19; Interactions Among Living Things, pp. 31–38
Chapter 2, Energy Flow in Ecosystems, pp. 44–50
• Science Explorer: Animals. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.
How Cells are Organized, p. 17; Asexual Reproduction, p. 18
Sexual Reproduction
•
http://www.factmonster.com/ce6/sci/A0860695.html
Plant Parents Lesson
•
http://www.sciencenetlinks.com/lessons.php?DocID=91
Plant Propagation
•
http://www.sciencenetlinks.com/lessons.php?DocID=22
Asexual Reproduction
•
http://www.mrowen.com/sci10/biology/biology50.pdf
•
http://regentsprep.org/Regents/biology/units/reproduction/asexual.cfm
•
http://www.factmonster.com/ce6/sci/A0860694.html
•
http://www.pbs.org/teachers/connect/resources/5690/preview/
Cumberland, Lincoln, and Woonsocket Public Schools, with process support from the Charles A. Dana Center at the University of Texas at Austin 15 Grade 6 Science, Quarter 1, Unit 1.3
Characteristics of Living Organisms (10 days)
Cumberland, Lincoln, and Woonsocket Public Schools, with process support from the Charles A. Dana Center at the University of Texas at Austin 16