Download Biology 179 - MSU Billings

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Biology 101-001
Survey of Biology: Practice Exam 2
Do this exam AFTER studying and under exam conditions. Give yourself approximately ONE HOUR to do the exam.
MULTIPLE CHOICE:
1.
Water molecules cross the plasma membrane by:
(A) active transport.
(B) endoctytosis.
(C) exocytosis.
(D) osmosis.
(E) B and C.
2.
The removal of waste products from a cell is an example of:
(A) osmosis.
(B) endocytosis.
(C) exocytosis.
(D) active transport.
(E) lysis.
3.
Which of the following organisms have centrioles?
(A) Animals
(B) Plants
(C) Bacteria
(D) Viruses
(E) All of the above
4.
The function of this organelle is to digest worn-out parts of cells. The organelle is the:
(A) Golgi complex.
(B) chloroplast.
(C) mitochondrion.
(D) lysosome.
(E) endoplasmic reticulum.
5.
The endosymbiotic theory states that:
(A) mitochondra and chloroplasts were once free-living cells,
(B) mitochondria and chloroplasts can exist independently of the eukaryotic cell.
(C) lysosomes were once prokaryotes.
(D) all organelles have 2 membranes.
(E) all of the above.
6.
The Golgi complex functions in:
(A) protein synthesis.
(B) heredity.
(C) modification of ER products and packing, sorting, and shipping proteins from the cell.
(D) detoxification.
(E) energy production.
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7.
The endomembrane system includes:
(A) ER, Golgi, and mitochondria.
(B) ER, Golgi, and lysosomes.
(C) nuclear envelope, plasma membrane, and microtubules.
(D) centrioles and basal bodies.
(E) none of the above.
8.
During interphase, chromosomes:
(A) line up at the cell equator.
(B) separate into sister chromatids.
(C) coil tightly around histones.
(D) replicate.
(E) A and C.
9.
At the G1 checkpoint:
(A) cytokinesis starts.
(B) sister chromatids separate and move to opposite poles of the cell.
(C) the decision is made to divide, delay, or enter a resting stage.
(D) cancerous cells begin cell division.
(E) all of the above.
10.
The cell cycle of eukaryotes is controlled:
(A) at 3 checkpoints.
(B) during S phase.
(C) during C phase.
(D) during metaphase and telophase.
(E) none of the above.
11.
Which of the following is found in BOTH prokaryotes and eukaryotes?
(A) Nucleus
(B) Endoplasmic reticulum
(C) Ribosomes
(D) Chloroplasts
(E) Mitochondria
12.
Which of the following would be a problem for a cell that has attained twice its normal size?
(A) Obtaining nutrients.
(B) Maintenance of proteins in the membrane.
(C) Mitosis.
(D) Meiosis.
(E) None of the above.
13.
The modern cell theory states that:
(A) cells arise spontaneously.
(B) cells can be viewed with a light microscope.
(C) life evolved only once.
(D) all organisms are composed of 2 or more cells.
(E) cells were first described from cork.
14.
In metaphase of mitosis:
(A) the homologues align at the cell equator.
(B) the homolgues separate.
(C) chromosomes align at the cell equator.
(D) the nuclear membrane breaks down.
(E) the chromosomes condense.
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15.
The structure of chromosomes in all stages of the cell cycle is partly maintained by:
(A) covalent bonding between the strands of the double helix.
(B) ionic bonding between the strands of the double helix.
(C) the centromere.
(D) winding of the DNA molecule around a core of proteins.
(E) the spindle fibers.
16.
Sister chromatids are:
(A) only seen in prokaryotes.
(B) homologous chromosomes.
(C) formed only in meiosis.
(D) pairs of centrioles.
(E) duplicated DNA held together by a centromere.
17.
Human nerve cells are:
(A) somatic cells.
(B) produced by binary fission.
(C) constantly reproducing.
(D) diploid.
(E) A and D.
18.
In S phase of mitosis the _____ is synthesized.
(A) cell wall
(B) plasma membrane
(C) Golgi complex
(D) DNA
(E) RNA
19.
Trisomy is:
(A) one chromosome too few.
(B) tetraploidy.
(C) a type of cancer.
(D) a tumor suppressor gene.
(E) one chromosome too many.
20.
The ___________ can be described as “cell freeways”:
(A) centrioles
(B) cytoskeleton
(C) endomembrane system
(D) cilia
(E) B and D
21.
___________ are responsible for the formation of a cleavage furrow in mitosis and meiosis.
(A) Microtubules
(B) Microfilaments
(C) Intermediate filaments
(D) Spindle fibers
(E) Tubulin subunits
22.
Nuclear pores:
(A) allow DNA to pass from the nucleus to the cytoplasm.
(B) allow RNA to pass from the nucleus to the cytoplasm.
(C) allow ribosomal subunits to pass from the nucleus to the cytoplasm.
(D) B and C.
(E) all of the above.
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23.
Ribosomes are made of:
(A) DNA and protein.
(B) protein only.
(C) DNA and RNA.
(D) carbohydrate.
(E) RNA and protein.
24.
Which of the following is evidence for the Endosymbiotic Theory?
(A) Centrioles have 2 membranes.
(B) Mitochondria and chloroplasts have their own circular DNA.
(C) Lysosomes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts are about the size of a bacterium.
(D) B and C.
(E) All of the above.
25.
Cells crawl by pushing __________ into cytoplasmic extensions.
(A) actin
(B) tubulin
(C) DNA
(D) centrioles
(E) cilia
26.
Plant cells can grow by:
(A) increasing the number of chloroplasts.
(B) absorption of water into their vacuoles.
(C) losing water from their vacuoles.
(D) thickening of the plasma membrane.
(E) diffusion.
27.
Grana is/are:
(A) the liquid that bathes the interior of the mitochondrion.
(B) found in the chloroplasts.
(C) stacks of thylakoids.
(D) an aging cell.
(E) B and C.
28.
Which of the following types of transport require an input of energy?
(A) Selective diffusion
(B) Facilitated diffusion
(C) Osmosis
(D) Active transport
(E) None of the above.
29.
The prokaryotic cell cycle consists of:
(A) interphase with 3 checkpoints.
(B) DNA replication.
(C) binary fission.
(D) B and C.
(E) all of the above.
30.
Mitosis can be defined as:
(A) nuclear division in somatic cells.
(B) nuclear division in germ cells.
(C) binary fission.
(D) cytoplasmic division in somatic cells.
(E) DNA replication.
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31.
A cell plate is formed in:
(A) binary fission of prokaryotic cells.
(B) cytokinesis in animal cells.
(C) cytokinesis in plant cells.
(D) metaphase of mitosis.
(E) B and C.
32.
Programmed cell death:
(A) does not occur in cancer cells.
(B) is important for fetal development.
(C) occurs after approximately 50 divisions in human cells.
(D) all of the above.
(E) B and C.
(Multiple choice = 32 points)
The rest of the answers go on the exam.
33. Briefly describe the structure and function of the following below (you may include diagrams if you wish):
(a) Nucleus
(i) Structure –
(ii) Function –
(b) Nucleolus
(i) Sructure –
(ii) Function –
(c) Rough endoplasmic reticulum
(i) Structure –
(ii) Function –
(d) Lysosomes
(i) Structure –
(ii) Function –
(e) Nuclear envelope
(i) Structure –
(ii) Function –
(f) Microfilaments
(i) Sructure –
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(ii) Function –
(g) Microtubules
(i) Structure –
(ii) Function –
(h) Golgi complex
(i) Structure –
(ii) Function –
(j) Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
(i) Structure –
(ii) Function –
(k) Mitochondrion
(i) Sructure –
(ii) Function –
(l) Chloroplast
(i) Structure –
(ii) Function –
(m) Centriole
(i) Structure –
(ii) Function –
(n) Plant cell vacuole
(i) Structure –
(ii) Function –
(o) Plant cell wall
(i) Sructure –
(ii) Function –
(p) Intermediate filaments
(i) Sructure –
(ii) Function –
(30 points)
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34. The diagram shows a cell that has 6 chromosomes and is in prophase of mitosis. Draw the cell in the remaining stages of
mitosis. Make sure you label your diagrams. (In the exam you will be given a subset of the stages, so don’t worry if this takes
longer than the allotted time).
(6 points)
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35. Read the following and write up in the format of the scientific method (include a question, hypotheses, predictions, controlled
experiment, and possible conclusions (based on what you might observe)).
The drawing below shows an osmometer, which is an instrument used to measure osmotic pressure. Pure water is separated from a
sugar solution by a membrane that is permeable to water, but not the sugar molecules. Osmotic pressure can be measured by the
movement of the piston.
(6 points)
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