Download CHAPTER 13 LESSON 3 The Renaissance Spreads

CHAPTER 13
LESSON 3 The Renaissance Spreads
Lesson 3 The Renaissance Spreads
TERMS & NAMES
In this lesson, you will learn about the spread of Renaissance
ideas throughout northern Europe.
• William Shakespeare
famous English playwright
and poet of the Northern
Renaissance
• Elizabethan Age term
referring to rule of
Elizabeth I of England
• Johann Gutenberg a
German who invented the
printing press
• printing press machine
that used movable type to
make copies of pages
• vernacular the native
language of a people
AS YOU READ
Use this chart to take notes about the achievements of the
Northern Renaissance.
Copyright © by McDougal Littell, a division of Houghton Mifflin Company
Albrecht
..
Durer
William
Shakespeare
Johann
Gutenberg
The Renaissance Moves North
(pages 445–446)
Why did the Renaissance spread north?
During the late 1400s, Renaissance ideas
began to spread north from Italy to countries
such as France, Germany, Spain, and England.
There were several reasons why this occurred.
One reason was the growth of cities across
northern Europe. These cities attracted many
merchants, traders, and artists. These groups
brought with them the ideas and styles of the
Renaissance. The growth of cities also helped
to create a wealthy merchant class in the north.
These merchants supported numerous artists
and writers and encouraged them to create.
The governments of northern Europe also
supported the arts. England and France were
unified countries ruled by strong monarchs.
Many of these rulers took an interest in
the arts. As a result, they purchased many
paintings. They also provided financial support
to many artists and writers.
CHAPTER 13
BEFORE YOU READ
Interaction between Italian artists and
those to the north also helped the Renaissance
to spread. In the late 1400s, a war broke
out between kingdoms in Italy. Because of
this, many Italian artists fled to the safety of
northern Europe. There, they shared their new
styles and techniques. Artists from northern
Europe also traveled to Italy and learned all
they could. They then brought Renaissance
ideas back to their homelands.
1.
How did European monarchs help
encourage the Renaissance?
Chapter 13, Lesson 3
Reading Study Guide
wh07rsg-0713.indd 115
115
10/4/05 2:00:04 PM
READING STUDY GUIDE CONTINUED
(pages 446–448)
How did the Northern and Italian Renaissance
differ?
The Northern Renaissance produced a
second wave of talented painters, writers,
and scholars. They made significant advances
in the arts and learning. The Northern
Renaissance and the Italian Renaissance
differed in several ways. For one thing, Italian
scholars valued classical learning. Northern
European scholars did not value such learning
as much. In addition, northern European artists
produced a more realistic, detailed style.
One figure who stood out for his realistic
and detailed works was the German artist
Albrecht Dürer. Besides paintings, Dürer
also created many woodcuts. Jan Van Eyck
and Pieter Bruegel the Elder were two great
Flemish painters. (Flemish refers to someone
who came from a region of northwest Europe
called Flanders. Flanders is now in Belgium.)
Van Eycks’s paintings contain tiny details and
bright colors. The paintings of Pieter Bruegel
the Elder show everyday scenes. These
paintings also show many details.
Talented writers also helped to shape the
Northern Renaissance. One of these writers
was the Englishman William Shakespeare.
Many consider him to be the greatest writer
who ever lived. Shakespeare became one of
the more popular playwrights in England. He
wrote comedies, tragedies, and history plays.
Shakespeare wrote during a time in
England known as the Elizabethan Age. The
period was named after Queen Elizabeth I. She
ruled from 1558 to 1603. Elizabeth promoted
the Renaissance spirit in England.
2.
116
Who were some of the key figures of the
Northern Renaissance?
Chapter 13, Lesson 3
Reading Study Guide
Advances in Science and
Technology
(pages 448–450)
How did the Renaissance affect areas outside
the arts?
Thinkers made advances in many fields during
the Italian and Northern Renaissances. These
fields included mathematics, science, and
technology.
In mathematics, scholars advanced the
study of algebra. Renaissance scientists
developed new theories on the universe.
Scholars made advances in anatomy, the study
of the human body. They also made advances
in cartography, or map-making.
Renaissance Europe witnessed many
technological advances as well. During
the mid-1400s, a German named Johann
Gutenberg invented the printing press. The
printing press was a machine that pressed
paper against a full tray of inked movable type.
The result was an identical copy of the page.
The printing press had a huge impact on
European society. Before, printers had to spend
months handwriting copies of books. Now,
they could produce hundreds of books quickly.
The increase of books encouraged more people
to learn how to read. It also helped to spread
Renaissance ideas more quickly than ever.
The printing press also encouraged more
authors to write in the vernacular, or their
native language. Before this, most authors
wrote mainly in Latin. Latin was the language
of ancient Rome and the well-educated. Now,
many more people wanted to read. As a result,
authors wrote to people in their own language.
One effect of this was the translation of the
Bible into many different languages.
3.
How did the printing press help to spread
Renaissance ideas?
Copyright © by McDougal Littell, a division of Houghton Mifflin Company
CHAPTER 13
Northern Artists and Writers