Download Greece and Persia - Leon County Schools

Chapter 7 & 8
Test on 1/26
SPRITE Chart
due Tuesday!
Essay?
Cartoon? Or
Pic-o-Rama?
January 12, 2017
Have out the following items:
1. Chapter 7 & 8 Outline Notes
2. Writing Utensil (pencil preferred)
**Clear everything else off of your desk!**
Persia’s Empire
 While Athens was
undergoing political
changes the Persians
were building a powerful
empire in present-day
Iran located in
Southwest Asia.
Persia’s Empire
 Under the rule of King
Cyrus, Persia built a strong
army and started to create an
empire that became the largest
in the ancient world.
Creating an Empire
 In 540 B.C. Persian troops brought
Mesopotamia, Syria, Judah, and the Greek
city-states under Persian rule.
King Cyrus allowed these people to keep
their own languages, religions, and laws.
He also allowed the exiled Jews to return to
Babylon.
 After Cyrus, other rulers continued to
expand the empire that stretched for nearly
3,000 miles!
Creating an Empire
To link this massive territory, the Persians improved the
network of roads begun by the Assyrians.
Persian Government
 Darius I ruled Persia
from 522 to 486 B.C. and
reorganized the
government to make it
more efficient. He divided
the empire into
provinces called
satrapies, each ruled by a
governor called a satrap.
Persian Government
• Satraps collected taxes,
judged legal cases,
managed the police,
and recruited soldiers.
Persian Government
Persia maintained a fulltime, paid, professional
army, whereas Greece’s
army consisted of citizens
called to serve only during
times of war.
Known as the Immortals
– when one died, another
immediately took their
place.
Who was Zoroaster?
 At first, the Persians worshipped many gods, until a
religious teacher Zoroaster preached a new monotheistic
religion. His religion became known as Zoroastrianism.
Who was Zoroaster?
As a result of Zoroastrianism, the Persians
began to view their monarchy as a sacred
institution or role.
 After Darius’ rule ended, the Persians
continued to practice Zoroastrianism for
centuries. The religion has about 200,000
followers today, most of which live in South
Asia.
The Persian Wars
 As the 400s B.C. began, the Persians were ready to
expand into Europe however they clashed with the
Greeks.
 While Persians obeyed a king, many of the Greeks
believe citizens should choose who ruled and governed
them.
What type of governments is being shown here?
The Persian Wars
When the Greeks revolted against their Persian rulers,
King Darius punished the mainland of Greece.
How Did the Greeks Win at Marathon?

The Persians landed at
Marathon, a plain about 25 miles
northeast of Athens. When their
enemy refused to fight, the Persians
sailed directly to Athens to attack
by sea.
 As soon as the Persian horsemen
were on the ships, the Athenians
charged down the hills and onto the
plain of Marathon.
How Did the Greeks Win at Marathon?

As a result, the
Persians suffered a
terrible defeat.
Land and Sea Battles

After losing at Marathon, the Persians vowed revenge
against the Athenians and under the rule of their new
king, Xerxes, the Persians invaded Greece.
 The Greek city-states banded
together to fight the Persians.
Land and Sea Battles
 Although the Spartan’s
fought bravely at
Thermopylae, the Greeks
could not stop the Persians.
A traitor showed the
Persians a trail leading
around the Greek line
which allowed them to
attack from behind.
Land and Sea Battles
While the Spartans continued
to attack Persia’s ships, the
Athenian fleet lured the Persian
fleet into the Strait of Salamis.
The Greeks had fewer ships, but
their boats were smaller and
faster.
Land and Sea Battles
 The Greeks almost entirely destroyed the Persian fleet
but still, the Persian foot soldiers marched on to Athens
and set it on fire.
 Then, the Greek city-states formed
their largest army yet and defeated
the Persian army.
Decline of Persia
 After losing in Greece, Persia faced many challenges.
Their army was no longer strong and the people grew
unhappy with their government. As Persia weakened, it
became open to outside attacks.