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Note-taking continued Lesson 1 Fossil Evidence of Evolution LA.6.2.2.3, MA.6.A.3.6, SC.7.L.15.1, SC.7.L.15.3, SC.7.N.1.1 Skim or scan the heading, boldfaced words, and pictures in the lesson. Identify or predict three facts you will learn from the lesson. Discuss your thoughts with a classmate. The Fossil Record I found this on page 189 Characterize the fossil record. . Millions of Study Guide Inquiry Lab Inquiry Lab Chapter Review Study Guide Benchmark Practice Chapter Review I found this on page 190 I found this on page 191 I found this on page 191 I found this on page 191 . . . . . Explanation of the Process Mineralization Minerals from water replace an organism’s original material and harden into rock. Carbonization A dead organism is compressed, and pressure forces out its liquids and gases; only a carbon outline of the organism remains. Molds and casts An organism’s hard parts leave an impression in sediment that hardens into a mold; if sediment later fills the mold, it forms a fossil copy, or cast. Trace fossils Evidence of animal movement or behavior, such as footprints, are preserved in mud, filled with sediment, and harden. Original material Actual tissue of an organism is preserved in the absence of oxygen (encased in ice, amber, or tar, for example). The Environment and Change Over Time The Environment and Change Over Time Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. 190 Formation Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Benchmark Practice Examine how fossils form. I found this on page 192 192 how species change over time no longer alive Fossil Formation fossils ever discovered Evidence of Thousands of species, most of which are Note-taking Note-taking fossils All the Fossil Record Note-taking continued Lesson 1 | Fossil Evidence of Evolution (continued) Determining a Fossil’s Age I found this on page Contrast relative-age dating with absolute-age dating. 192 . Relative-Age Dating • less precise • more precise • scientists compare • scientists use ages of rocks by the order in which their layers formed • shows relative order in which 193 Era Cenozoic 65 Cretaceous Jurassic 144 Triassic 245 Permian 290 Carboniferous 354 Devonian 417 Silurian 443 Ordovician 490 Cambrian 543 206 Proterozoic 2,500 Archean Hadean 3,100 4,550 Chapter Review Relate types of fossils found in different rock layers to the geologic time scale. Chapter Review When fossils in one rock layer did not appear in the older rock layer below or the younger layer above, scientists used the change to define the breaks in geologic time. The Environment and Change Over Time The Environment and Change Over Time Benchmark Practice Benchmark Practice Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. 1.8 Tertiary Study Guide Quaternary Study Guide . MYA Inquiry Lab Paleozoic Period Inquiry Lab Mesozoic Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. igneous rocks Order the divisions of the geologic time scale. Phanerozoic 193 • best measured in . Eon I found this on page radioactive decay to determine a rock’s age in years Note-taking Fossils over Time Dating Note-taking species have appeared over time I found this on page Absolute-Age 193 193 Note-taking continued Lesson 1 | Fossil Evidence of Evolution (continued) Extinctions I found this on page 194 Relate changes in the fossil record to mass extinctions. . Fossil Record Changes . Note-taking 194 Inquiry Lab Study Guide Diagram causes and effects of environmental change. Organisms depend on the Environment environment Changes for food and shelter. I found this on page 195 . Many species died off in a relatively short period of time. Animals can’t find resources they need to survive. Quickly Example: Gradually Example: meteorite impact tectonic plate movement Result: extinction Evaluate how fossils provide scientists with evidence for biological evolution. Fossils show changes over time in populations of related organisms. Chapter Review Summarize how the fossil record provides evidence of both extinctions and biological evolution. Explain why it is important to look at fossils from multiple rock layers at the same time to reach conclusions. Accept all reasonable responses. Sample answer: Extinctions are evidenced by the disappearance of fossils of a species from one rock layer to the next. Evolution is evidenced by the gradual progression of organisms’ changed body structures Benchmark Practice Benchmark Practice Chapter Review Synthesize It throughout the fossil record, from one layer to the next. In both cases, one must look at multiple rock layers at the same time to make comparisons. 194 194 The Environment and Change Over Time The Environment and Change Over Time Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Study Guide I found this on page evidence Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Inquiry Lab Note-taking Collections of fossils present in one layer of rocks are not present in the next. Mass Extinctions