Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Koinophilia wikipedia , lookup
Reproductive suppression wikipedia , lookup
Parental investment wikipedia , lookup
Parthenogenesis wikipedia , lookup
Dictyostelium discoideum wikipedia , lookup
Developmental biology wikipedia , lookup
Evolution of sexual reproduction wikipedia , lookup
ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION And the different organisms that perform it Asexual Reproduction ■ Reproduction that occurs with only one parent and produces offspring identical to the parent ■ The offspring are identical because they are receiving their DNA from only one parent. ■ Mitosis is an example of asexual reproduction Benefits of Asexual Reproduction ■ Only one organism is needed for reproduction to occur ■ This type of reproduction can be performed very quickly allowing organisms to adapt to the environment more quickly Downfalls to Asexual Reproduction ■ Mutations that occur in the parent are always passed on to the offspring since they are identical. ■ Entire colonies might be wiped out by a bacteria or virus that none have immunity to. Is this possible? Bob Bacteria Betty Bacteria Baby Betty-Bob Bacteria Types of Asexual Reproduction ANIMALS ■ Budding PLANTS ■ Vegetative Propagation ■ Fragmentation ■ Regeneration BACTERIA Binary Fission FUNGI ◦ Budding Budding ■ The new organism grows off the parent organism ■ Sometimes the offspring will detach to become independent and sometimes they stay attached forming colonies ■ EX: Corals, jellyfish, echinoderms, yeast Dividing Starfish ■ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AaN6uRvfPLY Fragmentation & Regeneration ■ When pieces of the parent are broken off and can become a new organism ■ Ex: earthworms, planarians, echinoderms Regeneration in Axolotls ■ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AOlZ60BZmZA Vegetative Propagation ■ When a part of a plant can be cut off and planted and grow into a new individual ■ This can occur in the leaves, roots, and stems of different types of plants ■ Ex: African Violet Binary Fission ■ Bacteria and monerans can reproduce through by simply dividing in half because they are single celled organisms. ■ They simply replicate their DNA, and split DNA, organelles and cytoplasm into two new cells just like mitosis Sexual Reproduction ■ Produces similar but NOT IDENTICAL offspring ■ Requires two parents that each contribute half of the genetic materials ■ Parents must undergo meiosis to produce gametes (sex cells) which combine to form the offspring Chromosome numbers ■ A cell with two sets of chromosomes is called diploid (2n) – Most body cells are diploid – Result of mitosis or asexual reproduction – Ex: Skin cells, muscle cells, nerve cells, etc ■ A cell with one set of chromosomes is called haploid (n) Does this image show mitosis or meiosis? Review: ■ In your own words, summarize asexual reproduction. ■ In your own words, summarize sexual reproduction. ■ Create a venn diagram comparing asexual and sexual reproduction.