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10/5/15 The parts of an atom • Using a Periodic Table • Atomic Number = # of protons • Atomic Mass = protons + neutrons • Neutrons = Atomic Mass -‐ Atomic # • • • Protons = electrons (balance) Label the atomic number and the atomic mass Oxygen • How many protons? • How many neutrons? • How many electrons? Zinc • How many protons? Isotope • Different versions of the same element – have different numbers of _______________ • How many neutrons? • How many electrons? • Different versions of the same song 1 10/5/15 Isotope: Hydrogen-‐2 • Atomic Mass = 2 • Atomic Number = 1 (stays the same as normal hydrogen because the protons stay the same) • Protons = 1 • Neutrons = 1 (mass – number = 2 – 1 = 1) • Electrons = 1 Isotope: Hydrogen-‐3 • Atomic Mass = • Atomic Number = • Protons = • Neutrons = • Electrons = Isotope: Oxygen-‐18 Ion • Atomic Mass = • Atomic Number = • An ion is an ________________ with a ___________________ • Protons = • Neutrons = • Electrons = Ion • What would have to change in order to give an atom a charge (make it posiYve or negaYve instead of balanced)? + -‐ Ion • If we change the protons, we change the _________________ • Remember, the atomic _________________ is different for every atom because every element has a different number of ____________ 2 10/5/15 Ion Sodium • We can only change the ______________ to change an atom into an ion A sodium ion has a +1 charge • To make it negaYve, _____ ______________ • How many protons? • To make it posiYve, _________ _________ _________________ • How many neutrons? • How many electrons? What you need to know for the QUIZ 1. What does the atomic number tell us? 2. What does the atomic mass tell us? 3. How do we find the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons in an atom of an element? 4. What is the charge of protons, neutrons, and electrons? 5. Elements are are different because their atoms have different numbers of protons. 6. An isotope has a different number of neutrons. 7. An ion has a different number of electrons. AstaYne • How many protons? • How many neutrons? PracYce with Atoms of Elements on the Periodic Table Potassium • How many protons? • How many neutrons? • How many electrons? • How many electrons? 3 10/5/15 Francium Silicon • How many protons? • How many protons? • How many neutrons? • How many neutrons? • How many electrons? • How many electrons? PracYce with Isotopes Isotope: Carbon-‐13 Isotope: Carbon-‐14 • Atomic Mass = • Atomic Number = • Atomic Mass = • Atomic Number = • Protons = • Neutrons = • Electrons = • Protons = • Neutrons = • Electrons = 4 10/5/15 Isotope: Helium-‐3 Isotope: Lithium-‐6 • Atomic Mass = • Atomic Number = • Atomic Mass = • Atomic Number = • Protons = • Neutrons = • Electrons = • Protons = • Neutrons = • Electrons = Isotope: Lithium-‐8 • Atomic Mass = • Atomic Number = PracYce with Ions • Protons = • Neutrons = • Electrons = Chlorine A chlorine ion has a -‐1 charge • How many protons? • How many neutrons? • How many electrons? Magnesium A magnesium ion has a +2 charge • How many protons? • How many neutrons? • How many electrons? 5
