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Download Lesson Overview - Enfield High School
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Lesson Overview RNA Lesson Overview 13.1 RNA Lesson Overview RNA Question #1 Similarities between DNA and RNA Both are nucleic acids Both are made up of nucleotides Both have a 5-carbon sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base Both match G with C Lesson Overview RNA Question #2 Differences between DNA and RNA The sugar in RNA is ribose and in DNA the sugar is deoxyribose RNA is generally single stranded and DNA is double-stranded RNA contains uracil and DNA contains thymine In RNA U matches with A and in DNA T matches with A Lesson Overview RNA Question #3 Three types of RNA Messenger RNA (mRNA) Carries copies of the DNA instructions to other parts of the cell Lesson Overview RNA Question #3 Three types of RNA Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) Along with about 80 different proteins, rRNA makes up the large and small subunits of ribosomes Lesson Overview RNA Question #3 Three types of RNA Transfer RNA (tRNA) Transfers each amino acid to the ribosome as it is specified by the coded messages in mRNA Lesson Overview RNA Question #4 What is transcription? Segments of DNA serve as templates to produce complementary RNA molecules Lesson Overview RNA Question #5 Where does transcription occur? Prokaryotes = Cytoplasm Eukaryotes = In the cell’s nucleus Lesson Overview RNA Question #6 What happens during transcription? The enzyme RNA polymerase binds to DNA and separates the DNA strands The enzyme then uses one strand of DNA as a template to assemble nucleotides into a complementary strand of RNA Lesson Overview RNA Question #7 How does RNA polymerase know where to start? RNA polymerase binds to promoters, regions of DNA that have specific base sequences Promoters are signals in the DNA molecule that show RNA polymerase exactly where to begin making RNA Similar signals in DNA cause transcription to stop when a new RNA molecule is completed Lesson Overview RNA Question #8 What is involved in RNA editing? Introns are cut out of the pre-mRNA molecule and the remaining pieces, exons, are spliced back together to form the final mRNA A cap and a tail is also added RNA Lesson Overview Question #9 mRNA strand G U C A RNA polymerase ________________ Key DNA strand DNA RNA A = Adenine A = Adenine C = Cytosine C = Cytosine G = Guanine G = Guanine T = Thymine U = Uracil
