Download 8th Grade US History – Sectionalism of the North

8th Grade U.S. History – Sectionalism of the North, South, and West 8.54 Identify the constitutional issues posed by the doctrine of nullification and secession and analyze the earliest origins of that doctrine. (C, P) 1. Nullification and Secession are examples of _______________. A states’ rights B treason C federal rights D federal practices 2. Which government (constitutional) principle was at the heart of the nullification controversies? A the supremacy clause B the principle of judicial review C the separation of church and state D the system of checks and balances among three branches 3. Which state threatened to secede from the United States if forced to pay “illegal” tariffs? A Alabama B Georgia C South Carolina D Virginia 8.55 Explain the events and impact of the presidency of Andrew Jackson, including the “corrupt bargain,” the advent of Jacksonian Democracy, his use of the spoils system and the veto, his battle with the Bank of the United States, the Nullification Crisis and the Indian removal. (C, E, G, H, P, TN) 4. The “corrupt bargain” refers to the A frequent use of the veto by President Jackson. B forced removal of the Cherokees from their lands. C controversy over Jackson’s loss to John Quincy Adams. D influence of the Bank of the U.S. over members of Congress 5. Looking at the chart, why didn't’ Jackson win the election of 1824? A Jackson didn’t get at least half of the Popular vote B Jackson didn’t get at least half of the House vote ​
C Jackson didn’t get at least half of the Electoral vote D Jackson didn’t get at least half of the Popular and House vote combined 6. Based on the map, what can you deduce about Jackson’s popularity? A Jackson was popular more in the northeast than in the south. B Jackson was popular more in the south than in the west C Jackson’s popularity extended throughout the country D Jackson’s popularity extended to both Kentucky and South Carolina 7. Looking at the map, who might have influenced the voters in KY and SC? A Henry Clay and John C. Calhoun B John Quincy Adams and John C. Calhoun C John Quincy Adams and Henry Clay D John Quincy Adams and Andrew Jackson 8. Which president’s “common man” background ensured his popularity? A Andrew Jackson B John Quincy Adams C Henry Clay D William Henry Harrison 9. In this response to those who accuse him of abusing the spoils system, to which group is Jackson primarily speaking? A Democratic­Republicans B Federalists C National Republicans D Whigs 10. Which of these affirmed that the federal government would not allow a state to completely rule itself? A bureaucracy B suffrage C the Force Bill D the spoils system 11. In this passage, what argument does Jackson make against the Bank of the United States? A He feels that it excludes ordinary U.S. citizens. B He feels that it is poorly run. C He feels that it makes bad investments. D He feels that it serves the interests of foreign governments. 12. A government permit to operate a Bank of the United States is called a A bank permit. B charter. C government bank permit. D loan. 8.56 Analyze the contributions of Sequoyah to the Cherokee. (C, TN) 13. Sequoyah’s primary contribution to the Cherokee concerned the A development of a written alphabet. B negotiations made with President Jackson. C discovery of mineral deposits on native land. D leadership he provided during the Trail of Tears 8.57 Write a narrative piece that describes the impact of the Indian Removal Act of 1830 and the struggle between the Cherokee Nation and the United States government and cites evidence from primary source accounts of the Trail of Tears. Ever since [the whites came] we have been made to drink of the bitter cup of humiliation; treated like dogs...our country and the graves of our Fathers torn from us...through a period of upwards of 200 years, rolled back, nation upon nation [until] we find ourselves fugitives, vagrants and strangers in our own country....The existence of the Indian nations as distinct independent communities within the limits of the United States seems to be drawing to a close.... John Ross, 1834 14. John Ross’s observation most closely corresponds to which event? A the Trail of Tears B the “corrupt bargain” C the Mexican Cession D the “dark horse” James K. Polk 8.58 Describe the concept of Manifest Destiny and its impact on the developing character of the American nation, including the purpose, challenges and economic incentives for westward expansion. (C, E, G, H, P) 15. Which factor completes the diagram? A desire to establish overseas markets B desire to obtain valuable natural resources C need to relieve overcrowding on Indian lands D need to develop a two­ocean navy for defense 16. Based on the map, the territory to which Native Americans were forced to relocate is which state today? A Arkansas B Florida C Missouri D Oklahoma 17. In this passage, O’Sullivan describes “manifest destiny” as the right of A other nations to oppose the actions of the United States. B New Mexico and California to become independent republics. C Texas to become part of the United States. ​
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the United States to expand its territory across North America. 18. What does the phrase “continent allotted by Providence” mean? ​
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land chosen by God B land destined for greatness C land for Catholics only D land taken from Rhode Island 8.59 Describe American settlements in Texas after 1821 and the causes for the Texas War of Independence, including the roles of David Crockett and Sam Houston in the war and the legacy of the Alamo. (G, H, P, TN) 19. What happened to the Texan forces at the Alamo? ​
A They declared Texas independent. B They negotiated a truce. ​
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They were defeated. D They won a major victory. 20. This resolution is a quotation from A the Florida Declaration of Sovereignty. B the Jackson Proclamation. C the Mexican Constitution. D​
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the Texas Declaration of Independence 21. In this passage, Travis says that he knows his men A will escape as soon as they get the chance. B will eventually surrender but only when they have to. C will fight to the end no matter what happens. D will not be willing to fight Santa Anna’s army. 22. In which battle was Santa Anna captured? A Alamo B Goliad C D Gonzales San Jacinto 23. Whom did Texas choose as their president after they won independence from Mexico? A Davy Crockett B Jim Bowie C D Sam Houston William B. Travis 8.60 Analyze the reasons, outcome and legacy of groups moving west including the mountain men/trail blazers, Mormons, missionaries, settlers, and the impact of the Oregon Trail and John C. Frémont. (C, G, H) 24. The final boundary for the Oregon Country was drawn at the A 49th​
​ Parallel B 54­40 Line C Columbia River D 42nd​
​ Parallel 25. Who led the Mormon migration to the Great Salt Lake area? A Brigham Young B John Sutter C Joseph Smith D Levi Strauss 26. Which states did the Mormon Trail pass through between Nauvoo and Salt Lake City? A Illinois, Iowa, Nebraska B Illinois, Nebraska, Wyoming C Iowa, Nebraska, Wyoming D Nebraska, Wyoming, Kansas 27. Which statement best describes why the Mormons left Illinois? A They split away from their leader Brigham Young. B They sought to convert Native Americans to Christianity. C They wanted to live where they could safely practice their religion. D They were looking for a milder climate and better farmland. 28. Who founded the Mormon church? A Brigham Young B John Sutter C Joseph Smith D Mariano Vallejo 29. Who were the first Americans to reach the Oregon country? A farmers B fur traders C loggers D merchants 30. Reports of what persuaded many Americans to settle in Oregon Country? ​
A fertile land B trade with Indians C gold D religious freedom 8.61 Describe the major events and impact of the presidency of James K. Polk, including his “Dark Horse” nomination, the settlements of the Oregon boundary, the annexation of Texas, and the acquisition of California through the Mexican War. (E, G, H, P) 31. All of these were part of James K. Polk's war plan except? A to capture Mexico City B to drive Mexicans out of borderlands C to seize California D to seize the Oregon Territory Indicate the answer choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 32. Which “act of Mexico herself,” according to President Polk, was the cause of war between the United States and Mexico? A Mexico’s attack on General Taylor’s forces in a disputed border area B Mexico’s massacre of the Alamo defenders C Mexico’s refusal to discuss the U.S. offer to buy California D Mexico’s refusal to honor the U.S. annexation of Texas 8.62 Describe the causes, course, and consequences of the Mexican War, including the controversy over the Rio Grande boundary, the roles played by Zachary Taylor and Winfield Scott, the Mexican Cession and the Wilmot Proviso. The Wilmot Proviso was added to the treaty in which the United States received the Mexican Cession territory after the Mexican War. It forbade the expansion of slavery into the newly acquired territory. It passed in the House of Representatives, but not in the Senate. 33. Which statement explains the significance of the Wilmot Proviso? A It left territories between Texas and the new Cession open to conflicting claims that caused fighting B It was the first time that the U.S. acquired territory by waging a war against another country. C It showed a growing movement among the northern states to limit the spread of slavery. D It avoided the question of how the Mexican Cession territory was going to be paid for. 34. What did the United States insist was the border between the United States and Mexico? A the Alamo B Mexico City C Nueces River D Rio Grande 35. Under the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, the United States A agreed the Nueces River would be the border with Mexico. B ceded part of California to Mexico. C paid Mexico $15 million. D won Florida from Spain in return for part of California. 36. Which of these concerned slavery in lands the United States acquired from Mexico? A Annexation Act B Mexican Territory Act C Polk Proviso D Wilmot Proviso 8.63 Trace the major figures and events in the discovery of gold in California and its impact on the economy of the United States, including John Sutter, and Forty­Niners. 37. Which event, beginning in 1848, had long­lasting effects on California's economy? A discovery of gold B growth of industry C shipping to the North D trade with Mexico 38. What was the largest single migration in American history? A forty­niners to California B Mormons to Utah C mountain men to Oregon D traders to Mexico Population of San Francisco Year Population 1845 1848 1850 1852 1856 1860 400 6,000 25,000 35,000 50,000 57,000 39. According to the chart, by about how much did the population of San Francisco increase from 1845 to 1856? A 500 B 5,000 C 50,000 D 500,000 40. Which of the following groups made huge profits during the California Gold Rush? A boomtown merchants B forty­niners C Mormon traders D rancheros 41. Where was gold discovered in 1848? A Rio Grande in Texas B Salt Lake City, Utah C Sutter’s Mill in California D Oregon Territory Multiple Select 42. Which individuals played key roles in the Texas War for Independence? ​
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OPTIONS. A Sam Houston B James K. Polk C Davy Crockett D Andrew Jackson E Henry David Thoreau F William Henry Harrison DISCOVERY OF GOLD IN CALIFORNIA JANUARY 1848 James Marshall discovers gold at Sutter’s Mill at Coloma FEBRUARY 1848 Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo cedes the Mexican Cession (including California) to the United States DECEMBER 1848 President Polk verifies the existence of gold in California in a speech to Congress 2 BEST 43. The events in the timeline ultimately led to which of the following? ​
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OPTIONS. A an enormous boost to the U.S. economy B a war with Mexico over control of California C a flood of 49’ers who wanted to mine the gold D the removal of Indian tribes from land in California E a battle between pro­ and anti­slavery groups in California F the development of faster means of transportation like clipper ships