Download 2 and 6 period AP Review Information Matt Cullen The Rise

2nd and 6th period
AP Review Information
The Rise and Spread of Islam and the Muslim Empires
Matt Cullen
4/24/13
1. Human/Environment Interaction

Animal products such as skin and ivory were used for the trade that helped spread Islam.

Horses were used in the Turkish military expansion, and were therefore used in the
spread of Islam.

Razi and Avicenna, Abassid scientists, made popular advancements in medicine.
2. Development and Interaction of Cultures

Trade in the Mediterranean and in the Indian Ocean allows for a wide exchange of
cultures.
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Early on, Islam became law some Arabic cultures, gaining ground on animism.

Knowledge of Greek Philosophy gained by Arabs through translation.

Ibn Rushd/Averroes revived Greek thought and applied it to Islam.
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Mathematical art becomes popular due to Muslim taboo on still-life art.
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Islam split in to the Sunnis, Shiites, and Sufis.
3. State Building,Expansion and Conflict

Arabs created a Muslim-governed state, with a Caliph as a religious leader, though they
gradually lost real authority.

In the Umayyad Caliphate, Islam expands from Egypt, Syria and Persia, into Europe
(Spain). The Umayyads fell to rebellion.

Transfer of Caliphate capital to Damascus, spreads Islam to some degree.

Abbasid Caliphate, significant, longstanding power, world trade caused spread of Islam.
2nd and 6th period

AP Review Information
The Rise and Spread of Islam and the Muslim Empires
Matt Cullen
4/24/13
The use of gunpowder by Sultan Mehmet II brings conquest, and with it the Ottoman
religion of Islam, to the Byzantine Empire.

By the 13th century, the Muslim Turks controlled most of North Africa and the Middle
East, including the Holy Cities, displaying dominance over other religions.

Islam expanded to the Turks, including the Mamluks, the Seljuks, and the Ottomans, and
Berbers. The nomadism of Berbers and militarism of Turks allowed for a more rapid
spread of the religion.

The Crusades created a violent confrontation between Christians and Muslims.

Gradually, the powerful Islamic states declined. The exception was the Ottoman Empire,
which lasted into the 20th century.
4. Creation, Expansion and Interaction of Economic systems.

Intercontinental trade during the Abbasid Reign.

Timbuktu, in the Islamic state of Mali, was both a center for salt trade and Islamic
theology.

Islamic states existed in the Middle East and Africa and were therefore well connected to
sea trade routes, strengthening the economies of Islamic states.
5. Development and Transformation of social structures.

Women were second-class to men.

In the Mid-10th century, women were forced to wear veils.

Beginning in the 7th century, the Umayyad dynasty causes the caliphate to be inherited,
forming a ruling family and thus an upper class. Aristocrats and politicians have much
power. Arabs are elevated in the social structure by having exclusive and sole authority.