Download Convection Currents

Ch. 22.1: Convection
Currents in Earth’s
Mantle
What are they?
Fluids that move in a circular loop.
Where are they?
Earth’s mantle has convection currents of hot rock.
Earth’s atmosphere has convection currents of gas/air.
Why do they move in a loop or circle?
Differences in temperature cause differences in density.
Dense things sink and light things float.
Ch. 22.1: Convection Currents in Earth’s
Mantle
Why do we care?
Convection currents in the mantle move the plates
above. This results in:
•
Earthquakes
•
Volcanic activity
•
Mt. Building
•
Ocean recycling
Convection can occur in water or the atmosphere too!
Image: http://www.goodrichscience.com/uploads/3/1/1/2/31129331/159388_orig.png
Why do warm things rise and cold things sink?
Image: http://www.middleschoolchemistry.com/img/content/multimedia/chapter_2/lesson_5/states_of_matter_big.jpg
• When materials are WARMED UP
(energy is added) and atoms/molecules
have more kinetic energy (energy of
motion).
• More kinetic energy, means molecules
MOVE AWAY FROM ONE ANOTHER 
They space out and are LESS DENSE OR
COMPACT
• LESS DENSE things RISE
• When materials are COOLED
DOWN (energy is removed)
and atoms/molecules have
less kinetic energy (energy of
motion).
• Less kinetic energy, means
molecules MOVE CLOSER 
They COMPACT or DENSE
• Dense, heavy things SINK
Mantle Convection: Step by Step
2.
3.
4.
1.
Image: http://images.slideplayer.com/13/4053778/slides/slide_2.jpg
1. Mantle rock
near core is
hotter
(because the
core is
hotter).
2. Hot rock
spreads out,
is less dense,
and RISES to
the crust.
3. Mantle rock
near crust
cools.
4. Cooler
mantle rock is
denser and
sinks.
Part 1
Lab: Modeling
Convection
Directions:
1. Draw your water tank and cup model of mantle
convection.
2. Label your “heat source”.
3. Label “Hot Water” and “Cold Water”.
4. Draw arrows to show the movement of hot and cold
water.
5. Color code your diagram to show the motion of hot and
cold water.
6. Write a short paragraph summary of what happened and
why.
Part 2
Video with Questions
on Convection.
• www.edpuzzle.com
OCE 3008 Convection Current
Answer
• Video Demo of Class Code: bqQ0L2
Convection of water in container: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IpnHAj4RZ8