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Transcript
Energy Basics Energy The ability to do work or cause change Either potential or kinetic Potential Energy Energy that is stored and the energy of position (gravitational). Kinetic Energy The energy of motion (motion of waves, electrons, atoms, molecules and substances. Forms of Energy Can be found in many forms Can be converted from one form or another Conversion can be both man made and natural process All forms of energy fall under two categories: – Potential - gravitational, chemical, nuclear and stored mechanical; – Kinetic - sound, electrical, thermal, radiant, and motion. Gravitational Energy The energy of place or position. Water held in a reservoir behind a hydropower dam is an example of potential gravitational energy. Chemical Energy Stored in chemical bonds holding the atoms of compounds together Food, wood, batteries, fossil fuels, biomass. Stored Mechanical Energy Energy stored in objects or substances by the application of a force. (ex. Compressed springs and stretched rubber bands) Sound Energy The movement of energy through objects or substances in longitudinal (compression) waves. Electrical Energy Energy of moving electrons (ex. lightning & electricity) Invisible but most useful form When the electrons are separated from positive charges and then forced along a closed path in a conduction material (ex: copper) Radiant or Light Energy Electromagnetic energy that travels in transverse waves. Most are invisible except for visible light UV rays, X-rays, gamma rays and radio waves Thermal Energy A special form of kinetic energy. The internal energy in substances. Energy of moving or vibrating molecules within substances. The faster the molecules vibrate the greater the temperature. (ex. geothermal) Nuclear Energy Energy that is stored in the nucleus of an atom and holds the nucleus together. Released by fission, the splitting of nuclei of heavy atoms Released by fusion-the combining of nuclei of light atoms The sun is an example-fusion fuels it
