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Unit 4B Worksheet 1) The blood vessels that return blood to the heart are the __________and _________venae cavae, which bring _______________blood from the upper and lower body. And the right and left pulmonary ___________which bring ____________blood back to the heart from the ____________. 2) Blood vessels that take or convey blood __________from the heart are the ___________ truck which contains the right and left pulmonary ___________that take ___________blood _________from the heart to the________. And the ascending _________which takes _____________blood __________from the heart and distributes it first, to the right and left coronary _____________that supply the heart muscles and then the_______________, left common_____________, and the left ________________arteries. 3) The left coronary artery which is located in the artioventricular groove or _____________ sulcus, supplies ______________blood to the ________________artery and the anterior ________________artery which is located in the _________________groove or sulcus. 4) The Atria are separated by the ______________septum where you will find remnants of an internal depression referred to as the _______ ___________which was used during ________ development and at that time was called the _____________ovale when blood bypassed the lungs for the most part and was directed to the left___________. 5) The right ventricle pumps blood to the ________________trunk and on to the lungs via pulmonary_______________, while the left ventricle, which has a much thicker ___________ because it pumps blood to the__________, which distributes it to the coronary ___________ and the ______________circulation. 6) The chordae ___________connect ends of the _______________valves to the _______ muscles. When the ventricles fill the papillary muscles _________and the atrioventricular valves____________. But then the __________________contract, the papillary muscles also ________________and pull on the ______________ ____________which prevents the ___________________valves from prolapsing into the __________from back pressure. 7) In the heart sounds the LUB is the first sound as the ________________valves close at the beginning of _____________(contract) where the DUB is the second sound made when the _________________valves close at the beginning of ventricular _____________(relax). 8) Abnormal heart sounds are referred to as _____________and are due to ___________or narrowing (stenosis) of the heart valves. 9) The heart functions under an _______________conduction system in which ____________ cells initiate action potentials called _________________ potentials or unstable resting potentials which originate from the ____________node and the ________________ node. 10) In the sequence of excitation the _____________(SA) node generated an impulse about 75 times a minute which stimulate the atria to _____________and the impulse is passed to the _________________(AV) node. The AV node ___________the impulse for approximately 0.1 second, then the impulse passes from the AV node to the ___________________via the atrioventricular(AV) bundle often referred to as the Bundle of_______. 11) The AV bundle or Bundle of __________split into ________pathways in the interventricular ____________referred to as the right and left bundle ____________which carry the impulse towards the ________of the heart where __________fibers carry the impulse from the apex to the ______________walls or from the apex along and towards the superior ventricles. 12) The ____________ovale connects the atria in the fetus and after birth this closes and is them referred to as the_________ __________. 13) Also in the fetal circulation the ductus ______________is the alternative path of blood as it by passes the ________in part, and the umbilical arteries and veins connect to the _______. 14) Age related changes that affect the heart are _____________which makes valves tougher and stiffer and also thickening of the valve_________. There is also a ____________in cardiac reserve and fibrosis or ____________of the cardiac muscle, and finally atherosclerosis in which _____________build up within the coronary______________. 15) The heart is derived from_________________. Courtesy: mbmadsen