Download DEVELOPMENT

UNIT 6: DEVELOPMENT
HOW IS DEVELOPMENT DEFINED AND MEASURED?
Most Developed (MDCs) vs. Less Developed Countries (LDCs)
Windhoek, Namibia Ginza Shopping District, Toyko
Dubai
Aerial photo of Dubai from 1950
Dubai aerial photos 1973 - 2006
Dubai's new metro line runs for 52 kilometers, it has 29 stations and separate
compartments for first class passengers and for women.
It also has wireless Internet service at all the stations and on the trains.
It only took four years and 30,000 workers to finish the world's "longest fully-automated,
driverless metro system."
The metro cost €5.25 ($7.67) billion to build.
Dubai is the first city in the oil-rich Gulf to introduce rail as a commuting option.
Only six percent of Dubai's
inhabitants use public transport, but
the Dubai Metro is going to change
that.
By next summer, when the second
line opens, planners expect
passengers to take 200 million trips
a year.
The man-made island resort of Jumeirah Palm. This island also has a train system.
Only problem is, it is not connected to the rest of the new public transport system -- and
it has few riders.
The opening of the Burj Dubai which will be the
tallest building in the world and which was
originally supposed to open on the same day as
the new subway, has been postponed until
December, 2009.
The Burj Dubai is 2,684 (or ½ mile) feet tall. It is
more than twice the height of the Empire State
Building (1250 feet).
How can the economic development of a
country be measured?
• GNP vs. GDP
• Highest GDP per capita
– Qatar $102,800
– Liechtenstein $89,400
– US #10 at $52,800
• Lowest GDP per capita
– Zimbabwe $500
– DR Congo $400
GDP & Development
• GDP does not always correctly
gauge development
– e.g. black market, uneven
development…
The Illegal Economy
Estimated value of global drug trade: $400 Billion
$400,000,000,000!
Viktor Bout – International Arms Dealer “Merchant of Death”
Global illegal
arms trade
worth tens of
billions of dollars
A Couple of his Clients….
Charles Taylor,
Former Pres. Of
Liberia
Accused of war
crimes for killing,
mutilating &
torturing thousands
First, Second and Third World
(1950s)
The North-South Divide (1980)
The Brandt Line
Different Models of Development
Liberal Models
Structuralist Models
Countries will
develop along the
same path
Inequity exists
because this are
organized in a way
that hinders
development
Rostow’s Modernization Model
All countries go through five stages
• Traditional Society
– Subsistence farming, rigid social structure…
• Precondition of Takeoff
– National leaders move the country to
open/diversify
• Takeoff
– Type of industrial revolution; urbanization
• Drive to Maturity
– More technology, specialization, international
trade
• High Mass Consumption
– High income, large service sector, many goods
& services
“To Port
get rich
of Shanghai
is glorious”
Shanghai Mall
Criticism: Rostow’s model suggests a single development path
Rostow’s Stages of Development
Characteristics
Economy
Society
Political Power
Values
Stage One
The Traditional
Society
Stage Two
Preconditions
for Takeoff
Stage Three
Takeoff
Stage Four
Drive to
Maturity
Stage Five
Age of Mass
Consumption
Rostow’s Stages of Development
Stage One
The Traditional
Society
Stage Two
Preconditions
for Takeoff
Stage Three
Takeoff
Stage Four
Drive to
Maturity
Stage Five
Age of Mass
Consumption
4
2
3
1
5
Society
10
8
6
7
9
Political Power
14
11
15
13
12
17
20
18
16
19
Characteristics
Economy
Values