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ID: B
Chapter 06 Test B
Modified True/False
Indicate whether the statement is true or false. If false, change the identified word or phrase to make the statement true.
____
1. The inertia of an object is determined by its acceleration. _________________________
____
2. The “law of inertia” is a name sometimes used to refer to Newton’s second law.
_________________________
____
3. The sum of all forces acting on an object is given the name normal force. _________________________
____
4. The acceleration of an object is inversely related to the mass. _________________________
____
5. The law of conservation of energy can be used to predict motion of interacting objects after they collide.
_________________________
Completion
Complete each statement.
Select the correct term to complete each sentence. There are extra terms in the list.
first
inertia
acceleration
normal
second
momentum
force
unbalanced
third
equal
balanced
equilibrium
6. An object at rest tends to stay at rest and an object in motion tends to stay in motion in a straight line
summarizes a portion of Newton’s ____________________ law.
7. If the net force on an object is zero, the forces acting on it are ____________________.
8. The property of an object that resists a change in its motion is called _________________________.
9. Any action that is able to change the motion of a body is called a(n) ____________________.
10. A(n) _________________________ force may cause an object to accelerate.
11. Increasing the force on an object increases its ____________________.
12. The scientific law that states that every action force causes a reaction force of equal size in the opposite
direction is Newton’s ____________________ law.
13. Every force creates a reaction force that is ____________________ in strength and opposite in direction.
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Matching
Each questions gives a daily life scenario about objects in motion and at rest. Decide which of Newton’s three
laws of motion best applies to each situation.
a.
b.
c.
____
____
____
____
Newton’s first law
Newton’s second law
Newton’s third law
14.
15.
16.
17.
A cup of water sits motionless on a kitchen table.
A boat moves through the water because of a rowing motion (using oars).
A dropped basketball hits the floor and bounces back up.
It takes more force to accelerate a loaded dump truck than it takes to accelerate a small car with one
passenger.
____ 18. Spin a raw egg on the table, stop it with your hand, and remove your hand quickly. The egg will begin to spin
again with no help at all!
Short Answer
An airboat is moving through the Florida Everglades. Four forces act upon the boat as shown in the
illustration below. Force FA is 5500 newtons, Force FB is 1,000 newtons and Force FC is 6,000 newtons.
Using the illustration and the information above, answer the following:
Figure 6-1
19. What is value of force FD in Figure 6-1?
20. Arrange the expression of Newton’s second law in a formula to solve for mass of an object if you know the
force applied to the object and you know the acceleration of the object.
21. A carpenter pounds a 0.005-kg nail into a board using a 1.000-kg hammer. If the hammer applies a force of
50 newtons on the hammer, what force does the nail apply on the hammer?
22. When you walk, you push against the ground with your feet. What pushes you and allows you to move
forward? Use Newton’s third law to explain walking.
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23. Explain why the balloon shown in the picture below moves forward if the balloon and the air exert equal and
opposite forces on one another.
Problem
24. Tom accelerates a box at a rate of 0.5 m/s2 using a force of 25 N. Assuming the surface on which the box
moves is frictionless, what is the mass of the box?
25. A 50-kg boy standing on a friction-free skateboard throws a 5.0-kg ball backward off the skateboard at a
speed of 10 m/s. At what speed does the boy move forward?
26. Calculate the momentum of a 20-kilogram cart moving at a speed of 2.0 meters per second.
Essay
27. Brianna starts a lawnmower moving across the yard by applying a force of 75 newtons on the handle of the
mower. According to Newton’s third law, the handle pushes back on Brianna with 75 newtons of force. Why
does the mower move if the forces are equal and opposite?
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ID: B
Chapter 06 Test B
Answer Section
MODIFIED TRUE/FALSE
1. ANS: F, mass
PTS: 1
2. ANS: F
first
1st
DIF: basic
REF: section 6.1
PTS: 1
3. ANS: F, net
DIF: basic
REF: section 6.1
1
DIF: basic
T
section 6.2
F, momentum
REF: section 6.1
PTS: 1
PTS:
4. ANS:
REF:
5. ANS:
PTS: 1
DIF: basic
REF: section 6.3
PTS: 1
7. ANS: balanced
DIF: basic
REF: section 6.1
PTS: 1
8. ANS: inertia
DIF: basic
REF: section 6.1
PTS: 1
9. ANS: force
DIF: basic
REF: section 6.1
PTS: 1
10. ANS: unbalanced
DIF: basic
REF: section 6.1
PTS: 1
11. ANS: acceleration
DIF: intermediate
REF: section 6.1
PTS: 1
12. ANS: third
DIF: basic
REF: section 6.2
DIF: basic
REF: section 6.3
COMPLETION
6. ANS: first
PTS: 1
1
DIF: basic
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13. ANS: equal
PTS: 1
DIF: basic
REF: section 6.3
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
DIF:
DIF:
DIF:
DIF:
DIF:
MATCHING
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
A
C
C
B
A
1
1
1
1
1
intermediate
intermediate
intermediate
intermediate
intermediate
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
section 6.1
section 6.3
section 6.3
section 6.2
section 6.1
SHORT ANSWER
19. ANS:
FD = 1,000 newtons
For the boat to float on the water, a force of 1,000 N must balance the weight of the boat, F B = 1,000 N.
PTS: 1
20. ANS:
mass =
DIF: intermediate
REF: section 6.1
DIF: intermediate
REF: section 6.2
force
acceleration
PTS: 1
21. ANS:
50 newtons
PTS: 1
DIF: intermediate REF: section 6.3
22. ANS:
When we walk, we exert a force on the ground with our feet. The ground exerts an equal and opposite
reaction force back on our feet that moves us. It is the reaction from the ground that makes walking possible.
PTS: 1
DIF: advanced
REF: section 6.3
23. ANS:
Conservation of momentum. The momentum of the air leaving the balloon (mass of air × velocity of air
moving to left) equals the momentum of the balloon moving forward (mass of balloon × velocity of balloon
moving to right).
PTS: 1
DIF: advanced
REF: section 6.3
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PROBLEM
24. ANS:
50 kg
force = mass × acceleration
mass =
force
25 newtons
=
acceleration
0.5 m/s 2
mass = 50 kg
PTS: 1
DIF: intermediate REF: section 6.2
25. ANS:
momentum of ball = momentum of boy
mass of ball × speed of ball = mass of boy × speed of boy
(5.0 kg) × (10 m/s) = (50 kg) × speed of boy
speed of boy = 1 m/s
PTS: 1
DIF: intermediate
26. ANS:
momentum = m × v = 20 kg × 2.0 m/s
REF: section 6.3
momentum = 40 kg ⋅ m/s
PTS: 1
DIF: intermediate
REF: section 6.3
ESSAY
27. ANS:
Answers may include:
The forces are acting on different objects and do not cancel one another. The force has a larger effect on the
mower because Brianna has a larger mass, which is more difficult to accelerate, so the mower is accelerated in
the direction that Brianna is pushing.
OR
Brianna pushes on the ground with her feet and the ground pushes on Brianna. At the same time, the mower
pushes on the ground, and the ground pushes on the mower. The mower moves because the ground is pushing
Brianna forward harder than the ground is pushing the mower back. The unbalanced forces cause the mower
to move forward.
PTS: 1
DIF: advanced
REF: section 6.3
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Chapter 06 Test B [Answer Strip]
F
_____
1.
F
_____
2.
F
_____
3.
T
_____
4.
A
_____
C
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C
_____
B
_____
14.
15.
16.
17.
F
_____
5.
A 18.
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ID: B