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Objective and Catalyst: 1/27/14 ! Students will model the advantages and disadvantages of asexual reproduction using a lab activity in order to understand why multicellular organisms use sexual reproduction. Catalyst: 1. Streptococcus is a bacteria that causes strep throat in humans. Which of these is a type of reproduction used by streptococcus? A. Budding B. Binary Fission C. Meiosis 2. What is the key feature of asexual reproduction? 3. Look at the new grades and complete your “Beginning of the Week Check-In” at the top of your WWO. Agenda ! ! ! ! ! Catalyst Class Procedures & Value Review Reproduction Asexual Reproduction Lab Conclusions Homework ! At least 20 flashcards DUE next Thursday, 1/30! Using your Resources ! Where can you find copies of old assignments? ! Where can you check your current grade? ! If you are absent where can you check for resources? Using the Class Website www.commoncurriculum.com/ website/j2u6/ New Procedure! Late Sign-In ! When you arrive late, the regular sign-in sheet will be gone. ! You will need to sign in the LATE LOG. ! You MUST include the time you arrived, and the reason you are late. ! Students with 2 or more lateness per week will be required to serve DETENTION. New Late Log Value of your Education ! What does this number mean to you? ! What could you do with this amount of money? $12,700 Value of your Education ! What does this number mean to you? ! What could you do with this amount of money? $160,000 Return on your Investment ! What are you going to do with your $160,000 education? ! After 13 years you could… ! Have ! ! LESS than you started by wasting time and failing classes Have the SAME. You still have $160,000. You didn’t lose anything, but you also didn’t come out ahead. INCREASE your investment by working hard each day to $240,000 for the following years…or $1.16 million over a lifetime The Bottom Line Face it. Nobody owes you a living. What you achieve or fail to achieve in your lifetime is directly related to what you do or fail to do. No one chooses his parents or childhood but you can choose your own direction. Everyone has problems and obstacles to overcome but that too is relative to each individual. Nothing is carved in stone. You can change anything in your life if you want to badly enough. Excuses are for losers. Those who take responsibility for their actions are the real winners in life. Winners meet life's challenges head on knowing there are no guarantees and give it all they've got. It's never too late or too early to begin. Time plays no favorites and will pass whether you act or not. Take control of your life. Dare to dream and take risks. If you aren't willing to work for your goals, don't expect others to. Believe in Yourself! Even the most “fun” jobs… …still involve hard work! Don’t forget your Goals! ! ONE step at a time. New Unit: Reproduction! ! We will be adding Unit 4 into the Unit 3 Folder ! Write the following on your BLUE folder: ! “Unit 4: Reproduction” Characteristics of Life REVIEW! ! ! ! ! ! Must be made of 1 or more cells Must obtain and use energy Must maintain homeostasis Must Grow Develop and Reproduce Must be able to respond to stimuli ! Adapt Reproduction ! Process by which offspring (children) are created by parent organisms. ! In plain terms: It is producing more cells ! Types: ! Asexual and Sexual Processes: Mitosis and Meiosis (we’ll learn this one later) Binary Fission ! Asexual ! Cell splits and replicated DNA goes with each part ! Prokaryotes, Bacteria ! + Fast and easy ! - Everybody has the same DNA Bacterial Conjugation ! Asexual, “Sexual” ! A bacteria shoots out a tube and sends a piece of its DNA to another bacteria ! Bacteria ! + Mixes DNA ! - “Parent” loses a little piece of DNA Fragmentation/ regeneration ! Asexual ! Body of parent breaks and produces offspring ! Fungi, moss, sea stars, planarian ! + Easy ! - Parent broken, same DNA Fragmentation/ regeneration Moss Budding ! Asexual ! Offspring grows out of parent ! Yeast, hydras ! + Fast, somewhat easy ! - Same DNA Pollination ! Sexual ! Pollen is delivered to female part of plant ! Flowering plants ! + Plants don’t have to move, mixes DNA ! - Need external source for pollination to take place; wind, bee, bat, butterfly etc. Pollination Sexual Reproduction ! Sexual ! DNA from 2 individuals merge to form one ! Animals, Plants ! + Diverse DNA ! - Takes a long time, 2 individuals needed Exit Slip ! Complete the chart based on your new knowledge of sexual and sexual reproduction Asexual # of parents Process(es) Offspring unique or identical? Fast or slow Examples Sexual Asexual Reproduction Lab ! PURPOSE: Why do most multi-cellular organisms perform sexual reproduction (and NOT asexual reproduction)? Research 1. Do unicellular organisms reproduce using sexual or asexual reproduction? _______________ 2. What are the four types of asexual reproduction? i) ii) iii) iv) 3. Circle the type of asexual reproduction above that bacteria most commonly use. 4. Fill in the following table to compare asexual and sexual reproduction: Type of Reproduction # of Parents Required Are the offspring identical or different? Asexual Sexual Hypothesis ! If I simulate harmful environments on a population of Paramecium that reproduce asexually, then _____________________... Procedures 1. Retrieve bags of colored “paramecium” for your group. 2. Separate the circles into four colors: purple, pink, white, and brown. Each circle represents one Paramecium (a unicellular organism). The different colors represent different types of Paramecia with different genes. Procedures con’t 3. Count 3 of each color and place the circles on your desk. The desk will represent the pond the Paramecia live in. The twelve circles will be the original population (Generation 0). Record how many of each color you have in the data table below. 4. Follow the population of Paramecia through five generations by reading the Events. Be sure to record the number of each color after each event. Collect Data in Model # Purple # Pink # White # Brown Events Generation 0 Original population. Record what you have on your desk when you start. Generation 1 Each paramecium reproduces once except the white paramecium because a chemical in the pond water kills all of them. A disease strikes, killing all pink Paramecia Each surviving Paramecium reproduces once. Generation 2 # Purple # Pink # White # Brown Events A predator strikes, killing all brown and ½ purple Paramecia Generation 3 Each paramecium reproduces once. There is not enough food so ¾ of the remaining Paramecia die. Generation 4 Each Paramecium reproduces once. Performing Lab to Collect Data ! Work together in your groups! ! Read each event out-loud and model on your desks with the Paramecium. ! Make sure you record how many of EACH color are left at the end of each event. Analyze Data ! Complete the Analysis questions together. ! How many offspring were left in the end? 1. 2. 3. 4. Purple? Pink? White? Brown? Draw Conclusions ! Work as a group to complete the Conclusion questions. ! REMEMBER: Drawing conclusions is going to help you APPLY your lab data to the larger purpose question. “Why do multicellular organisms perform sexual reproduction and NOT asexual reproduction?” AKA What’s wrong with asexual reproduction that makes it NOT a good choice for larger organisms like humans? ! ! Draw Conclusions 1) What type of Paramecium had the best “genes”? _________________ How do you know? 2) If something happens to kill off a specific type of organism (ex. all red Paramecia), will that type of organism ever appear again? ________ Why or why not? 3) Based on your results of this lab, why do you think most multicellular organisms perform sexual reproduction? 4) You just learned why asexual reproduction is bad for organisms, but many unicellular organisms like bacteria perform binary fission. Why is this? 5) What would happen if humans reproduced asexually? Explain what humans would look like and think about what would happen to society. (Hint: Would all of the jobs we need in society be taken care of? Would humans survive if a deadly bacterium infected people?) Exit Slip ! Write “Conclusion Questions” in your Exit Slip Box ! Make sure your HW is copied down. ! Rate your understanding of today’s lesson by circling a number on your WWO. Clean-Up ! Turn in: ! Blue ! WWO Asexual Reproduction lab with COMPLETE Conclusion Questions ! Make sure there are NO Paramecium on your desks or on the floor!