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GOA_CH09_HRW Back 12/5/01 5:58 PM Page 17 Print Name CHAPTER Class 9 Date Graphic Organizer Activity Mesoamerican Empires Complete the graphic organizer. In each box briefly describe the accomplishments and religious beliefs of each civilization. Olmec Maya Toltec Aztec Inca Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Holt World History: The Human Journey 17 Graphic Organizer Activities GOA_CH09_HRW Back 12/5/01 5:58 PM Page 18 Print CHAPTER 9 Graphic Organizer Activity Mesoamerican Empires Complete the graphic organizer. In each box briefly describe the accomplishments and religious beliefs of each civilization. Olmec • Carved and transported at least 15 giant stone heads weighing approximately 40 tons each a distance of 50 miles • Believed in a god that was part jaguar and part human Maya • Skilled architects and engineers • Developed a complete writing system using hieroglyphics • Developed a counting system • Studied astronomy and developed a calendar • Believed in many gods in a complex religion Toltec • Ruled by a military class • Erected pyramid-like buildings • Introduced metal working to the region • Believed in the god Quetzalcoatl, a feathered serpent • Practiced human sacrifices Aztec • Collected tribute and taxes from conquered people • Capital city, Tenochtitlán, had a population of approximately 200,000 people • Farmed on chinampas—raised fields made with mud taken from the bottoms of lakes • Borrowed technologies from other cultures (metal working, pottery making, and weaving) • Believed in human sacrifices • Military dominated society Inca • Established an educational system • Kept records through a system called quipu • Established storehouses for surplus food • Used runners to communicate throughout the kingdom • Inca surgeons used anesthetics and could even perform operations on the brain • Produced ceramics, metals, and textiles Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Holt World History: The Human Journey 18 Graphic Organizer Activities
