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Exemplar for internal assessment resource Science for Achievement Standard 90952
Exemplar for Internal Achievement Standard
Science Level 1
This exemplar supports assessment against:
Achievement Standard 90952
Demonstrate understanding of the formation of surface features
in New Zealand.
An annotated exemplar is an extract of student evidence, with a commentary, to explain key
aspects of the standard. These will assist teachers to make assessment judgements at the
grade boundaries.
New Zealand Qualification Authority
To support internal assessment from 2014
© NZQA 2014
Exemplar for internal assessment resource Science for Achievement Standard 90952
Grade Boundary: Low Excellence
1.
For Excellence, the student needs to demonstrate comprehensive understanding of the
formation of surface features in New Zealand. This involves explaining two selected
external and/or internal processes, and the formation of surface features in New
Zealand, using information which could include visual representations and data.
The student has comprehensively explained with reasons, the key geological science
related to internal processes forming Auckland volcanoes (1), and some key external
processes shaping the volcanoes (2). For example, the hot spot link has been
comprehensively explained, the effects of stream erosion have been explained, and
both geological processes are linked to the geology of the wider Auckland volcanic
field.
For a more secure Excellence, the student could provide more evidence to
comprehensively explain the geological science of internal and external processes, and
their link to what we see today. For example, the student could comprehensively
explain how higher sea levels 5000 years ago altered the shape of some Auckland
volcanoes.
© NZQA 2014
AS 90952
Student 1
Student 1: Low Excellence
The volcanoes of Auckland
The volcanoes of Auckland we see today are a combination of internal forces and external
forces the cause the volcanoes and shape the volcanoes. There are about 50 volcanic
cones in the Auckland district. In the last 20 000years there have been 19 confirmed
eruptions, about 1 every 1000 years. They seem to be increasing in frequency and size.
Internal Forces
Auckland city sits atop a pool of magma. This magma occasionally makes it way to the
surface and erupts a small volcano. This type of volcano is called a “hot spot” volcano,
named by J Tuzo Wilson in 1965. In this type of volcano heat from the core of the Earth rises
directly through the mantle as a plume until it meets the colder solid crust. Here, 100km
down, it melts the upper mantle layer and a pool of molten magma forms. As this pool grows
in size it tries to find its way to the surface and when it does this it forms a “hot spot” volcano.
They last for months or even a few years. This is being happening in Auckland for over 250
000 years. The first eruption was the Onepoto eruption. The magma is basalt and its
derivatives like scoria. Mt Wellington is made of scoria. The basalt is primitive basalt and
tends to only erupt once from a vent. Rangitoto is an exception to this as it erupted twice
using the same vent 600 years ago. If the vent is into water an explosive eruption occurs like
Lake Pupuki. Hot spot volcanoes tend to stay in one place and the plates move over them.
(1) This is why there is 50+ volcanoes in the Auckland area.
External Forces
Erosional forces that contribute to the shape of volcano we see today are primarily stream
erosion and erosion due to sea-level change. Stream erosion attacks the weaker rocks and
ash deposits and in wearing these away changes the shape of a volcano. The sides get
worn down and hard rocks are left standing. Volcanoes that erupt solid magma flows wear
away the slowest. The longest lava flow is over 10km from the Mt Saint John vent. Over the
last 100 000 years the world has been subjected to numerous ice ages and these have
changed the slope of the land and effected erosion. Human activity also affects the shape of
a volcano. Early Maori erected pa and kumara pits on volcanoes, especially One Tree Hill
and helped change the shape of the volcano. More lately quarrying has changed the shape
of the volcanoes. In fact the Onepoto rocks have been used to build the northern motorway.
(2)
Exemplar for internal assessment resource Science for Achievement Standard 90952
Grade Boundary: High Merit
2.
For Merit, the student needs to demonstrate in-depth understanding of the formation of
surface features in New Zealand. This involves explaining two selected external and/or
internal processes, and the formation of surface features in New Zealand, using
information which could include visual representations and data.
The student has explained in depth, with reasons, the key geological science related to
internal processes forming Auckland volcanoes (1), and key external processes (2).
For example the hot spot link has been explained in depth, the effects of stream
erosion have been explained and both processes are linked to the geology of Mount
Eden in the Auckland volcanic field.
To reach Excellence, the student could provide more evidence to comprehensively
explain the geological science of internal forces forming primitive basalts and external
processes. The student could describe stream erosion, human activity and sea level
changes and their link to what is observed today. For example, the student could
comprehensively explain how high sea levels 5000 years ago altered the shape of
Mount Eden in the Auckland volcanic field, and how hot spot activity created the lava.
© NZQA 2014
AS 90952
Student 2
Student 2: High Merit
The volcanoes of Auckland
The volcanoes of Auckland we see today are a combination of internal forces and external
forces the cause the volcanoes and shape the volcanoes. There are about 50 volcanic
cones in the Auckland district. In the last 20 000years there have been 19 confirmed
eruptions, about 1 every 1000 years. They seem to be increasing in frequency and size.
Internal Forces
Auckland city sits atop a pool of magma. This magma occasionally makes it way to the
surface and erupts a small volcano. This type of volcano is called a “hot spot” volcano,
named by J Tuzo Wilson in 1965. In this type of volcano heat from the core of the Earth rises
directly through the mantle as a plume until it meets the colder solid crust. This is being
happening in Auckland for over 250 000 years. The first eruption was the Onepoto eruption.
The magma is basalt and its derivatives like scoria. Mt Eden is made of scoria. Rangitoto is
an exception to this as it erupted twice using the same vent 600 years ago. Hot spot
volcanoes tend to stay in one place and the plates move over them. (1) This is why there is
50+ volcanoes in the Auckland area.
External Forces
Erosional forces that contribute to the shape of volcano we see today are primarily stream
erosion and erosion due to sea-level change. Stream erosion attacks the weaker rocks and
ash deposits and in wearing these away changes the shape of a volcano. The sides get
worn down and hard rocks are left standing. Volcanoes that erupt solid magma flows wear
away the slowest. The longest lava flow is over 10km from the Mt Saint John vent. Sea level
changes have changed the effects of waves as rock eroders. Human activity also affects the
shape of a volcano. Early Maori erected pa and kumara pits on volcanoes, especially One
Tree Hill and helped change the shape of the volcano. (2)
Exemplar for internal assessment resource Science for Achievement Standard 90952
Grade Boundary: Low Merit
3.
For Merit, the student needs to demonstrate in-depth understanding of the formation of
surface features in New Zealand. This involves explaining two selected external and/or
internal processes and the formation of surface features in New Zealand, using
information which could include visual representations and data.
The student has explained the key geological science related to internal processes
forming Auckland volcanoes (1), and key external processes (2). For example, the hot
spot link has been explained, the effects of stream erosion have been described and
both processes are linked to Rangitoto Island in the Auckland volcanic field.
For a more secure Merit, the student could provide more evidence to explain in depth
the geological science of internal and external processes, and their link to what we see
today. For example, the student could explain that some Auckland volcanoes erupted
underwater and formed an explosive event without a cone, and could describe how sea
level changes affect the area.
© NZQA 2014
AS 90952
Student 3
Student 3: Low Merit
The volcanoes of Auckland
The volcanoes of Auckland we see today are a combination of internal forces and external
forces the cause the volcanoes and shape the volcanoes. There are about 50 volcanic
cones in the Auckland district. In the last 20 000years there have been 19 confirmed
eruptions, about 1 every 1000 years.
Internal Forces
Auckland city sits atop a pool of magma. This magma occasionally makes it way to the
surface and erupts a small volcano. This type of volcano is called a “hot spot” volcano,
named by J Tuzo Wilson in 1965. In this type of volcano heat from the core of the Earth rises
directly through the mantle as a plume until it meets the colder solid crust. Basalt is erupted
and hot spot volcanoes cause basalt. This is being happening in Auckland for over 250 000
years. The plume stays in one place and the volcano move over it causing different vents
.Rangatoto was the last volcano to be built and the biggest. (1)
External Forces
Erosional forces that contribute to the shape of volcano we see today are primarily stream
erosion and erosion due to sea-level change. Stream erosion attacks the weaker rocks and
ash deposits and in wearing these away changes the shape of a volcano. Sea level changes
have affected stream erosion. Human activity like quarrying has changed the shape of the
volcanoes. Rangitoto has numerous tracks over it which are helping to change its shape. (2)
Exemplar for internal assessment resource Science for Achievement Standard 90952
Grade Boundary: High Achieved
4.
For Achieved, the student needs to demonstrate understanding of the formation of
surface features in New Zealand. This involves describing two selected external and/or
internal processes, and the formation of surface features in New Zealand, using
information which could include visual representations and data.
The student has described the key geological science related to internal processes
forming Auckland volcanoes (1), and the key external process (2). For example, the hot
spot link and the effects of stream erosion and human effects have been described,
and are linked to a specific Auckland volcano, Rangitoto.
To reach Merit, the student could use more evidence to explain in depth the geological
science of internal and external processes, and their link to what is observed today. For
example, in the Auckland volcanic field students need to talk about hot spot volcanoes
and how these contribute to the shape of Auckland today, due to the type of basalt
erupted. Human influences on the shape we see today could be described.
© NZQA 2014
AS 90952
Student 4
Student 4: High Achieved
The volcanoes of Auckland
The volcanoes of Auckland we see today are a combination of internal forces and external
forces the cause the volcanoes and shape the volcanoes. There are about 50 volcanic
cones in the Auckland district. In the last 20 000years there have been 19 confirmed
eruptions, about 1 every 1000 years.
Internal Forces
Auckland city sits atop a pool of magma. This magma occasionally makes it way to the
surface and erupts a small volcano. In this type of volcano heat from the core of the Earth
rises directly through the mantle as a plume until it meets the colder solid crust and melts.
Basalt is erupted and “hot spot” volcanoes cause basalt. This is being happening in
Auckland for over 250 000 years. Rangatoto was the last volcano to be built and the biggest.
(1)
External Forces
Erosional forces that contribute to the shape of volcano we see today are primarily stream
erosion changes. Stream erosion attacks the weaker rocks and ash deposits and in wearing
these away changes the shape of a volcano. Human activity also affects the shape of a
volcano. Quarrying has changed the shape of the volcanoes as the basalt and scoria are
used for roading. (2)
Exemplar for internal assessment resource Science for Achievement Standard 90952
Grade Boundary: Low Achieved
5.
For Achieved, the student needs to demonstrate an understanding of the formation of
surface features in New Zealand. This involves describing two selected external and/or
internal processes, and the formation of surface features in New Zealand, using
information which could include visual representations and data.
The student has described some of the geological science related to internal processes
(1), and key external processes (2). For example, the hot spot link and the effects of
stream erosion have been described.
For a more secure Achieved, the student could provide more evidence to describe the
geological science of internal and external processes, and their link to what is observed
today. For example, the student could describe how Auckland is a hot spot series of
volcanoes, and has been erupting primitive basalt. Humans use these rocks and
change the shape of a volcano by quarrying the rock.
© NZQA 2014
AS 90952
Student 5
Student 5: Low Achieved
The volcanoes of Auckland
The volcanoes of Auckland we see today are a combination of internal forces and external
forces the cause the volcanoes and shape the volcanoes. There are about 50 volcanic
cones in the Auckland district. In the last 20 000years there have been 19 confirmed
eruptions, about 1 every 1000 years.
Internal Forces
Auckland city sits atop a pool of magma. This magma occasionally makes it way to the
surface and erupts a small volcano. Basalt is erupted and a “hot spot” volcanoes is built from
rising heat. This is being happening in Auckland for over 250 000 years. Rangatoto was the
last volcano to be built and the biggest. (1)
External Forces
Erosional forces that contribute to the shape of volcano we see today are primarily stream
erosion changes. Stream erosion attacks the weaker rocks and ash deposits and changes
the shape of a volcano by wearing them away. (2)
Exemplar for internal assessment resource Science for Achievement Standard 90952
Grade Boundary: High Not Achieved
6.
For Achieved, the student needs to demonstrate an understanding of the formation of
surface features in New Zealand. This involves describing two selected external and/or
internal processes, and the formation of surface features in New Zealand, using
information which could include visual representations and data.
The student has described one key geological process related to the Auckland
volcanoes: the Auckland volcanic field has been described as a hot spot system (1).
To reach Achieved, the student could provide more evidence to describe the science of
both internal and external geological processes, and their link to what is observed
today. For example, the student could describe external factors like human influence,
stream erosion or sea level changes, and their effect on the volcanic shapes we
observe today.
© NZQA 2014
AS 90952
Student 6 Student 6: High Not Achieved
The volcanoes of Auckland
The volcanoes of Auckland we see today are a combination of internal forces and external
forces the cause the volcanoes and shape the volcanoes. There are about 50 volcanic
cones in the Auckland district. In the last 20 000years there have been 19 confirmed
eruptions, about 1 every 1000 years.
Internal Forces
Auckland city sits atop a pool of magma. This magma occasionally makes it way to the
surface and erupts a small volcano. Basalt is erupted and a “hot spot” volcanoe is built from
rising heat. This is being happening in Auckland for over 250 000 years. Rangatoto was the
last volcano to be built and the biggest. (1)
External Forces
Humans are a force that changes the shape of a volcano.