Download Work Form Function Content Context Great Stupa at Sanchi Madhya

 Work Great Stupa at Sanchi Madhya, India Buddhist Sunga Dynasty 300 BCE – 100 CE Form Stone Masonry Sandstone on Dome Terra cotta warriors from mausoleum of the first Qin emperor of China Qin Dynasty 221-­‐209 BCE Painted Terra Cotta Function Content considered to be a dirt burial mound sepulchral faced with stone • A stupa is a monument—a place of reliquary, and burial or a receptacle worshippers gain for religious objects. spiritual merit through being in Represents burial proximity to its contents mound of Buddha •
Buddhists pray while walking in a Focal point of worship clockwise or easterly direction, Buddhist Shrine direction of the sun’s course • Shape of giant Context Sanscrit for “heap” •
•
Dome is replication of dome of heaven 4 toranas at cardinal points of compass at entrances. Torana: carved scene on architrave Ashes activated with Buddhas energy hemisphere conveys cosmic symbolism. • Symbol of Mt. Meru, mountain in center of world in Buddist cosmology. Axis connecting earth & heavens vast underground city
guarded by a life-size
terracotta army Life size terracotta army 700 figures Unification of China Application of Hierarchy of Scale He is regarded as a
military genius, and
while his methods
included massacre and
destruction …bringing
the states together
justifies the violence Funeral banner of Lady Dai (Xin Zhui) Han Dynasty China 180 BCE Painted Silk Longmen Caves Luoyang, China Tang Dynasty 493-­‐1127 CE Limestone “Mourning Scene” had some connection
with the afterlife. “name banners” used
to identify the dead
during the mourning
ceremonies, or they
may have been burial
shrouds intended to
aid the soul in its
passage to the
afterlife Mainly carved for individuals, then state carvings began. Preserve Buddhism Affirm assimilation & superiority early example of
pictorial (representing
naturalistic scenes not
just abstract shapes)
art in China. Secondly,
the banner features
the earliest known
portrait in Chinese
painting Artists made efforts to
indicate depth through
the use of the
overlapping bodies of
the mourners. They
also made objects in
the foreground larger,
and objects in the
background smaller,
to create the illusion of
space in the mourning
hall. Limestone cliffs
extend for almost a
mile and contain
approximately
110,000 Buddhist
stone statues 60 stupas Buddhism, born in
India, was transmitted
to China intermittently
and haphazardly.
Starting as early as
the 1st century C.E.,
Buddhism brought to
China new images,
texts, ideas about life
and death, and new
opportunities to assert
authority Gold & Jade crown Three Kingdoms Period Silla Kingdom, Korea 5th – 6th c CE Todai-­‐Ji Nara, Japan Various Artists including sculptors Unkei & KeiKei & Kei School 743 CE, rebuilt c. 1700 Metalwork Crown, very lightweight, maybe used in ceremonial occasions, perhaps only for burial. Silla Kingdom was most powerful “Country of Gold” “Great eastern temple” Bronze & Wood unite
various
Japanese
(sculpture) Wood w/ Ceramic-­‐tile clans under his (Shomu)
centralized rule, Shomu
roofing also promoted spiritual
(architecture) unity Nio Guardian Figures Antler forms influenced by shamanic practices in Siberia Emphasize power of wearer “Spiritual rank” Symbolizes geometric trees. Uncovered in a royal tomb Largest temple at the was the largest building
time built on Japanese project ever on Japanese
soil. Its creation reflects
soil. the complex intermingling
of Buddhism and politics
in early Japan Japan’s most celebrated
school of sculpture. It was
Borobudur Temple Central Java, Indonesia Sailendra Dynasty c. 750-­‐842 BCE Angkor, The temple of Angkor Wat, and the city of Angkor Thom Cambodia Hindu, Angkor Dynasty 800-­‐1400 CE Lakshamana Temple Khajuraho, India Hindu Chandella dynasty 930-­‐950 CE Protect the buddha Volcanic-­‐stone masonry Stone Masonry, Sandstone Sandstone built to impress. Twice overall plan is that of a basic structure
monument to the
three-dimensional
resembles that of a
Buddha mandala—a diagram
pyramid, yet it has
of the cosmos used
been also referred to as
Many levels of a caitya (shrine), a stupa
for meditation meaning, reflecting (reliquary), and a sacred
mountain. In fact, the
Buddhist cosmology 3-­‐Layers name Śailendra literally
Pyramid Aligned w/4 points on means “Lord of the
Trunk of a Cone compass Mountain.” Stupa on Top “City Temple” carved bas reliefs at
largest religious
Angkor Wat,
monument in the
Capital of medieval representing eight
world
Cambodia different Hindu stories dedicated to the Hindu
god Vishnu Classic Khmer Corbelled roofs intended to serve as
Architecture the king’s mausoleum
Horror Vacui of in death. sculptural reliefs Sculptures have Hindu Temple Series of shapes that harmonious i
ntegration Vishnu – Main Deity build to become a large with architecture Base has ornamental tower. niches. Torans-­‐ stone garland Court Scenes & above entrances erotica/sexual motifs. Travelers among the Mountains and Streams Fan Kuan c. 1000 CE Ink & colors On silk Shiva as Lord of Dance (Nataraja) Hindu, India Cast Bronze Chola Dynasty c. 11th Century CE Night Attack on the Sanjo Palace Kamakura Period Japan c. 1250 – 1300 CE outstanding example
of Chinese landscape
painting expressed a cosmic
vision of man’s
harmonious existence
in a vast but orderly
universe primarily in the service
of religion Shiva – most powerful god/destroyer Handscroll Ink & color on paper Narrative read right to left, as scroll is unrolled composition is
expressed through the
skillful use of scale Search for truth in nature Thick/Thin lines for shading Chinese viewed
mountains as sacred
and imagined them as
the abode of
immortals. The term
for landscape painting
(shanshui hua) in
Chinese is translated
as “mountain water
painting.” sacred object that has
Round face, almond been taken out of its
eyes, long arms. original context Circle of fire was intended to be
movable Expressive qualities of Flame of destruction stone temple carvings annihilates all sound with rich iconography Standing on demon of possible in bronze ignorance casting. Civil war depiction As scroll unrolls, time advances Samurai Battle in Kyoto Coup where emperor is taken prisoner The David Vases Yuan Dynasty, China 1351 CE White Porcelain w Cobalt-­‐blue underglaze Portrait of Sin Sukju (1417-­‐1475) imperial bureau of painting c. 15th century CE Korea Hanging Scroll Ink & color on silk Forbidden City Stone, masonry, Beijing China marble, brick, wood, ad Ming Dynasty ceramic tile th
15 century CE & later Offering for a general White Porcelain w who had been made a Cobalt-­‐blue underglaze god made for the altar of a Dragon & floral pattern Daoist temple and
their importance lies in
the dated inscriptions
on one side of their
necks, above the
bands of dragons shows Sin Sukju dressed
commemorated the sitter
in both life and death High value materials Forbidden City was
home to 24 emperors,
their families and
servants during the
Ming and the Qing
dynasties. Solidify emperors power in his official robes with a
black silk hat on his head Political propaganda large precinct of red
walls and yellow
(symbolic of royal
family) glazed roof
tiles located in the
heart of China’s
capital, Beijing Named after person who purchased them most important
examples of blue-andwhite porcelain in
existence, and are
probably the bestknown porcelain
vases in the world official honored for his
distinguished service at
court and loyalty to the
king
Korean Portrait
Conventions: seated in a full-length
view, often with their
heads turned slightly and
only one ear showing.
Crisp, angular lines composed of more
than 90 palace
compounds including
98 buildings and
surrounded by a moat
as wide as 52 meters. Ryoan-­‐ji Kyoto, Japan Muromachi Period c. 1480 CE Jahangir Preferring a Sufi Shaikh to Kings Bichitr 1620 CE Taj Mahal Agra, Uttar Pradesh, India 1632-­‐1653 CE Supervision of Ustad Ahmad Lahori, architect of Emperor Rock Garden Raked Sand Watercolor, gold, and ink on paper Stone Masonry & Marble Inlay of precious & semiprecious stones Gardens Garden as a microcosm of nature. Zen Dry garden Zen Wet Garden Sufi – Islamic mystic Jahangir favors a holy man over kings suitable, permanent
resting place for his
beloved wife
Grand Palace
displaying symmetry Rocks/ Water Peace of mind flames of gold radiate
from the Emperor’s
head against a
background of a
larger, darker gold
disc. A slim crescent
moon hugs most of
the disc’s border,
creating a harmonious
fusion between the
sun and the moon
(thus, day and night),
and symbolizing the
ruler’s emperorship
and divine truth. marble structure is
topped by a bulbous
dome and surrounded
by four minarets of
equal height. Gravel acts as water, rocks are mountain ranges. Seen as islands floating in a sea Meditative focus Sought to bring together things from distant lands Showing holy men placed above and ranking higher than all others exceptional for its
monumental scale,
stunning gardens,
lavish ornamentation,
and its overt use of
white marble. White and Red Plum Blossoms Ogata Korin c. 1710-­‐1716 CE Under the Wave off Kanagawa (Kanagawa oki name ura), also known as the Great Wave, from the series Thirty-­‐Six Views of Mount Fuji Katsushika Hokusai 1830-­‐1833 CE Ink, watercolor & gold leaf on paper Painting Stream cuts rhythmically through the scene Tarashikomi technique in which paint is applied to a surface that has not already dried from a previous application, creates dripping effect useful for depicting flowers or streams most iconic work of
Polychrome Japanese art. Woodblock print Ink and color on paper •
Concentration of a few details • Deeply personal view of nature • Emphasis on fragile, tender, and gentle nature rather than awesome, threatening or overwhelming Organized into patterned compositions polychrome (multicolored) woodblock
print, made of ink and
color on paper Ukiyo-e, which
originated as a
Buddhist term, means
"floating world" and
refers to the
impermanence of the
world •
•
•
Rhythmic composition Painted on a screen View is limited to a few details that are carefully painted Hokusai’s print displays
the influence of Dutch art,
and proved to be
inspirational for many
artists working in Europe
later in the nineteenth
century Ukiyo-e prints are
recognizable for their
emphasis on line and pure,
bright color, as well as
their ability to distill form
down to the minimum Chairman Mao en route to Anyuan Artist unknown Based on painting by Liu Chunhua 1969 CE Color Lithograph portray Chairman Mao
as a revolutionary
leader committed to
championing the
common people Idealized – appears superhuman Propaganda Striding atop a
mountain peak
wearing a look of
determination on his
face he would lead the
country through a
decade of violent
class struggles aimed
at purging traditional
customs and
capitalism from
Chinese society.
Founding father of
China