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MUSCLE AND NERVOUS TISSUE SECTION 5.4-5.5 OBJECTIVES • To explain the different types of muscle tissue, function and location • To explain the function and location of nervous tissue MUSCLE TISSUE • Locations: • Bones of skeleton • Heart • Walls of hollow organs MUSCLE TISSUE (CONT.) • Functions: • Movement (through contraction of muscle fibers) • Locomotion • Maintains posture • Produces heat • Facial expressions • Pumps blood • Peristalsis MUSCLE TISSUE (CONT.) 1. Skeletal 2. Cardiac 3. Smooth SKELETAL MUSCLE • Locations: • Attach to bones • Functions: • Controlled by conscious effort • Voluntary • Characteristics: • Alternating light and dark strands (striations) • Multiple nuclei • Fibers contract then relax CARDIAC MUSCLE Intercalated Disc • Locations: • Only in the heart • Functions: • Controlled by unconscious effort • Involuntary • Characteristics: • Striated, branched cells • Single nucleus • Cells joined end to end – intercalated disc Nucleus SMOOTH MUSCLE • Locations: • Wall of hollow organs • Ex: stomach, intestine, bladder, uterus, blood vessels etc. • Functions: • Controlled by unconscious effort • Involuntary • Characteristics: • Shorter • Spindle-shaped • Single nucleus • *no striations NERVOUS TISSUE • Location: • Brain • Spinal cord • Peripheral nerves (*main component of nervous system) • Functions: • Regulates and controls body functions • Generates and transmits nerve impulses • Supports, insulates and protects impulse generating neurons NERVOUS TISSUE (CONT.) • Basic cells- neurons • Sense changes through dendrites • Transmit impulses via axon to other neurons, glands, or muscles, coordinate and regulate • Neuroglial cells • Support and bind • Phagocytosis • Supply nutrients