Download Unit Three Worksheet – Meteorology/Oceanography – 2

Unit Three Worksheet – Meteorology/Oceanography – 2
WS – GE – U3 – 2
Name_________________________________________________ Period__________________
Section 17.3
Multiple Choice.
Select the answer that best completes the statement and write the letter for that
answer in the space provided.
_______1.
Of the following, which is NOT a factor that controls temperature?
(A) altitude
(B) cloud cover
(C) latitude
(D) longitude
(E) ocean currents
_______2.
The temperature differences seen between Quito, Equador and Guayaquil, Ecuador
illustrate the effect of ___.
(A) altitude
(C) geographic position
(B) cloud cover
(D) ocean currents (land vs. proximity to water)
_______3.
The temperature differences seen between Vancouver, Canada and Winnipeg, Canada
illustrate the effect of ___.
(A) altitude
(C) geographic position
(B) cloud cover
(D) ocean currents (land vs. proximity to water)
_______4.
The temperature differences seen between New York City, New York and Eureka,
California illustrate the effect of ___.
(A) altitude
(C) geographic position
(B) cloud cover
(D) ocean currents (land vs. proximity to water)
_______5.
The temperature differences seen between Spokane, Washington and Seattle,
Washington illustrate the effect of ___.
(A) altitude
(C) geographic position
(B) cloud cover
(D) ocean currents (land vs. proximity to water)
_______6.
___ causes clouds to reflect a portion of sunlight back to space.
(A) Albedo
(B) Refraction
(C) Solarity
(D) Temperature recreation
_______7.
In general, temperatures at high altitudes tend to be ___ temperatures at lower altitudes
if at the same latitude.
(A) higher than
(B) lower than
(C) the same as
_______8.
Which of the following is a general trend on a world isothermal map?
(A) Temperatures increase from the tropics toward the poles.
(B) Temperatures decrease from the tropics toward the poles.
(C) Temperatures decrease from east to west.
(D) Temperatures increase from east to west.
Short Answer. Answer the following questions.
9.
How do the heating of land and water differ?
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10.
Why do some coastal cities experience a moderation of temperature from water while others do
not?
Section 19.1
Matching.
Match the definition with the term that best correlates to it. No definition will be used
more than once.
_____11. Air pressure
A)
_____12. Barometer
_____13. Coriolis effect
B)
C)
D)
_____14. Jet stream
E)
The force exerted by the weight of a column of air above
a given point
Amount of pressure change occurring over a given distance
Swift, high-altitude winds
Apparent deflective force of Earth’s rotation on all freemoving objects, including the oceans and atmosphere
Technology that measures atmospheric pressure
_____15. Pressure gradient
Multiple Choice.
Select the answer that best completes the statement and write the letter for that
answer in the space provided.
_______16.
In a mercury barometer, when air pressure increases, the mercury in the tube ___.
(A) falls
(B) falls, then rises
(C) rises
(D) rises, then falls
_______17.
Which of the following is a difference between a mercury barometer and an aneroid
barometer?
(A) The mercury barometer is smaller.
(B) The mercury barometer can provide a continuous record of pressure changes.
(C) The aneroid barometer is not as portable.
(D) The aneroid barometer does not use mercury to measure pressure changes.
_______18.
What is the most significant source of energy for most wind?
(A) air pressure
(C) changes in humidity
(B) air temperature
(D) solar radiation
_______19.
Which of the following is true about air pressure acting on an object?
(A) The amount pushing down on the object will gradually decrease with time.
(B) The amount pushing up on the object with gradually increase with time.
(C) There is more air pressure pushing up on the object than there is pushing down.
(D) There is just as much air pressure pushing up as there is pushing down on the
object.
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_______20.
The pressure differences that make wind happen are caused ___.
(A) by a sudden drop in humidity
(B) when water vapor in the air rises then falls
(C) by accumulations of clouds in different areas
(D) by the unequal heating of Earth’s surface
_______21.
On a weather map, what do isobars placed close together indicate?
(A) a steep pressure gradient and high winds
(B) a steep pressure gradient and weak winds
(C) a weak pressure gradient and high winds
(D) no pressure gradient and therefore no winds
_______22.
What are the most prominent features of airflow above the friction layer?
(A) jet streams
(C) right-deflected winds
(B) vertically-moving winds
(D) left-deflected winds
Short Answer. Answer the following question.
23.
How are isobars related to pressure gradients?
What three factors combine to control wind?
24.
_______________________________________________________________________
25.
_______________________________________________________________________
26.
_______________________________________________________________________
Complete the following table.
Factors That Affect Wind
Factor
Ultimate Cause
Effect on Wind
28.
Pressure
Differences
Unequal heating of Earth’s
surface by the sun
29.
27.
Coriolis Effect
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Factors That Affect Wind
Factor
Factor
Factor
31.
30.
Friction
Section 19.2
Matching.
Match the definition with the term that best correlates to it. No definition will be used
more than once.
_____32. Anticyclone
A)
_____33. Cyclone
_____34. Monsoon
B)
C)
_____35. Polar easterlies
D)
_____36. Polar front
E)
_____37. Trade winds
F)
_____38. Westerlies
G)
Multiple Choice.
The dominant west-to-east motion of the atmosphere that
characterizes the regions on the poleward side of the
subtropical highs
Winds that blow from the polar high toward the subpolar low
Stormy frontal zone separating cold air masses of polar
origin from warm air masses of tropical origin
Seasonal reversal of wind direction associated with large
continents
High-pressure center characterized by a clockwise flow
of air in the Northern Hemisphere
Low-pressure center characterizes by a counterclockwise
flow of air in the Northern Hemisphere
Two belts of winds that blow almost constantly from
easterly directions and are located on the north and south
sides of the subtropical highs
Select the answer that best completes the statement and write the letter for that
answer in the space provided.
_______39.
Pressure decreases from the outer isobars toward the center in ___.
(A) anticyclones
(B) cyclones
(C) jet streams
(D) polar fronts
_______40.
Because of the Coriolis effect, wind in the Southern Hemisphere ___.
(A) is deflected to the left
(B) is deflected to the right
(C) rises higher into the atmosphere
(D) sinks lower into the atmosphere
_______41.
In the Northern Hemisphere, pressure gradients and the Coriolis effect applied to lowpressure centers produce winds that blow ___.
(A) outward and clockwise
(B) outward and counterclockwise
(C) inward and clockwise
(D) inward and counterclockwise
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_______42.
The effect of friction on the net flow of air around cyclones is that is causes air to flow
___.
(A) inward in the Northern Hemisphere
(B) outward in the Southern Hemisphere
(C) inward in either hemisphere
(D) outward in either hemisphere
_______43.
The atmosphere balances the unequal heating of Earth’s surface by moving ___.
(A) cool air toward high latitudes and warm air toward the equator
(B) warm air toward high latitudes and cool air toward the equator
(C) cool air toward the east and warm air toward the west
(D) warm air toward the east and cool air toward the west
_______44.
Weather in the United States is moved by the westerlies in a(n) ___.
(A) east to west direction across the continent
(B) northwest to southeast direction across the continent
(C) west to east direction across the continent
(D) southeast to northwest direction across the continent
Matching.
Match the letter in the figure at right with the corresponding part of the global circulation
model.
_____45. Northeast trade
winds
_____46. Southeast trade
winds
_____47. Polar easterlies
_____48. Equatorial low
_____49. Westerlies
_____50. Subpolar low
_____51. Subtropical high
Short Answer. Answer the following questions.
52.
How does friction control the net flow of air around a cyclone and an anticyclone?
53.
Why do weather reports always emphasize cyclones and anticyclones?
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54.
What must happen in the air above for divergence at the surface to be maintained, and what
type of pressure center accompanies surface divergence?
Section 19.3
Matching.
Match the definition with the term that best correlates to it. No definition will be used
more than once.
_____55. Anemometer
A)
B)
_____56. El Niño
C)
_____57. Prevailing wind
Multiple Choice.
_______58.
Technology used to determine wind speed
Wind that consistently blows from one direction more than
from another
Periodic warming of the ocean that occurs in the central
and eastern Pacific and can cause extreme weather in
many parts of the world
Select the answer that best completes the statement and write the letter for that
answer in the space provided.
How often does El Niño occur?
(A) about every other year
(B) every 10 years
(C) about every 2 to 3 years
(D) about every 3 to 7 years
_______59.
Which of the following best describes a La Niña?
(A) Unusually long El Niño event
(C) Cause of an El Niño event
(B) Opposite of El Niño event
(D) Its effects are localized, not global.
_______60.
Local winds are caused by either topographic effects or by variations in ___.
(A) temperature
(C) air pressure
(B) surface composition
(D) the Coriolis effect
_______61.
Which of the following is the initial major effect of an El Niño?
(A) Cold nutrient-rich offshore waters are replaced by warm equatorial waters.
(B) Warm nutrient-rich equatorial waters are replaced by cold offshore waters.
(C) Cold offshore waters are replaced by warm nutrient-rich equatorial waters.
(D) Warm offshore waters are replaced by cold equatorial waters.
_______62.
According to researchers, how is a La Niña event triggered?
(A) by warmer than average surface temperatures in the eastern Pacific
(B) by colder than average surface temperatures in the eastern Pacific
(C) by warmer than average coastal water temperatures in the eastern Pacific
(D) by colder than average coastal water temperatures in the eastern Pacific
_______63.
When is a land breeze most likely to occur?
(A) morning
(B) noon
(C) late afternoon
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(D) night
_______64.
A gentle wind covering less that one hundred kilometers is called ___.
(A) a jet stream
(C) a breeze
(B) the doldrums
(D) a trade wind
_______65.
A sea breeze is most intense ___.
(A) during mid- to late-afternoon
(B) in the late morning
(C) late in the evening
(D) at sunrise
Short Answer. Answer the following questions.
66.
On a camping trip on the Oregon coast, you decide to hike to the ocean, but you are not sure of
the direction. The time is 4:00 P.M. How might the breeze help you find the ocean? Why?
67.
Describe the general movement of weather in the United States.
What two factors mainly influence global precipitation?
68.
_________________________________________________________________________
69.
_________________________________________________________________________
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