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Chapter 9: Native Chinese Religion and Daoism 254-266: The Basic elements of Chinese Religion: a: Name two of the many prominent mythic ancestors of China b: Recount at least one early Chinese cosmogony: c: What was the early shape of Earth and Sky? d: What did Yang and Yin refer to in early Chinese thought? e: What was the early view of the Dao (Tao)? f: What was the early Chinese view of history? g: What was early Chinese earth worship? h: What was early Chinese worship of heaven? i: What was divination and what were some examples of divination practice? j: What was involved in the worship of localized spirits? k: What was ancestor worship all about? l: What were some of the early Chinese funerary customs? m: What were some of the basic home observances? n: Describe both the rise of the Feudal system in ancient China as well as its decay (3 points): 266-277: Daoism as a Philosophy: a: Who as Lao-zi? c: Who were some of the famous Pre-Daoists? d: For 1 point each comment on the following elements of the philosophy of the Dao-De-Jing: nonbeing; quietness; low position; reversion; oneness with nature; spontaneity; wu-wei; mystical invulnerability; and, theory of government. (9 points total) e: Who was Chuang-Tzu and what was his contribution to Daoism? f: What is meant by Zhuang-zi’s Relativism? g: What is Zhuang-zi’s image of a sage? h: Why did Zhuang-zi emphasize a natural primitiveness over social morals and institutions? 277-288: Daoism as Magic and Religion: a: What did the Daoists teach about longevity and immortality in the classic texts? b: Where were the Blessed Isles and Elixir Alchemy? c: How did Hygiene and the “Five-Element” Coordination factor in ancient Daoism? d: What was the Daoist teaching on ‘breath control”? e: What does one learn about Daoist emphases upon diet and sexual restraints? f: What was “Wu Dou Mi Dao”? g: How many sacred texts eventually came to be recognized among Daoist circles? h: Who was Ge Hong and what kinds of things did he do to promote magic? i: What is Neo-Daoism? (3 points): j: What did the emperor Zhen Zong do to revive faith in primitive Chinese religion around the year 1005 CE? k: How and why is Daoism surviving in China today? Chapter 10: Confucius and Confucianism: A Study in Optimistic Humanism What is the Chinese name for Confucius? 291-293: the Man Confucius: a: Historically, there seems to be three routes to take regarding information about Confucius. The route taken by Noss is called a “moderate course” (page 291). Explain: Summarize the life history of Confucius: (2 points): 294-306: The Teachings of Confucius: a: List the 4 books that are the primary sources for the teaching of Confucius b: What is the story behind the potential threat to the main sources of Confucius’ teaching? (2 points): c: Summarize the discussion about li. What is it? What are its main features and assumptions? (3 points) d: What is shu? e: What are the Five Great Relationships and Filial Piety? f: What was Confucius’ political philosophy? g: What is meant by Zheng-ming, the rectification of names? h: What is a Jun-zi, a Chun-tzu, or a superior man? i: What is meant by Chung Yung (Zhong Vong), the golden mean? j: What was Confucius’ religious teaching? k: What is the will of heaven? 306-319: The Confucian School-Its Rivals and Champions a: what was the origin of various schools of Confucianism and what factors impeded their development? b: What was the relationship between the Confucianists and the Daoists? c: Who was Mo Tzu (Mo-zi) and what were the emphases of the Mohists? (3 points): d: Who were the Legalists and what were their emphases? (2 points) e: Who was Mencius and how did he help establish Confucian Orthodoxy? (3 points) f: Who was Xun-zi and how did he champion heterodoxy? (2 points) g: How did Confucianism became State Orthodoxy? h: What was Confucian Scholasticism? i: What was the relationship between Confucianism and Buddhism? 319-323: Neo-Confucianism: a: How did neo-Confucianism development and who was Zhu Xi? (2 points): b: What is Tai-ji and what is its relationship to qi and li? c: What was Zhu Xi’s view of heaven (tian)? d: How did Zhu Xi’s practice of meditation differ from the Zen Buddhists? e: What was the movement called Wang Yang-ming? 323-324: the State Cult of Confucius a: What are the main events and emphases in the development of the state cult of Confucius? (2 points) 325-328: Religion in China in the Modern Period a: Who was Mao Zedong (Mao-Tse-tung) and what did he accomplish in China that affected Confucianism? b: What is Confucianism like today? Include in your answer the five shared values ratified in Singapore in 1991 (3 points): c: What is Falun Gong?