Download Native Chinese Religion and Daoism 254-266

Chapter 9: Native Chinese Religion and Daoism
254-266: The Basic elements of Chinese Religion:
a: Name two of the many prominent mythic ancestors of China
b: Recount at least one early Chinese cosmogony:
c: What was the early shape of Earth and Sky?
d: What did Yang and Yin refer to in early Chinese thought?
e: What was the early view of the Dao (Tao)?
f: What was the early Chinese view of history?
g: What was early Chinese earth worship?
h: What was early Chinese worship of heaven?
i: What was divination and what were some examples of divination practice?
j: What was involved in the worship of localized spirits?
k: What was ancestor worship all about?
l: What were some of the early Chinese funerary customs?
m: What were some of the basic home observances?
n: Describe both the rise of the Feudal system in ancient China as well as its decay (3 points):
266-277: Daoism as a Philosophy:
a: Who as Lao-zi?
c: Who were some of the famous Pre-Daoists?
d: For 1 point each comment on the following elements of the philosophy of the Dao-De-Jing:
nonbeing; quietness; low position; reversion; oneness with nature; spontaneity; wu-wei; mystical
invulnerability; and, theory of government. (9 points total)
e: Who was Chuang-Tzu and what was his contribution to Daoism?
f: What is meant by Zhuang-zi’s Relativism?
g: What is Zhuang-zi’s image of a sage?
h: Why did Zhuang-zi emphasize a natural primitiveness over social morals and institutions?
277-288: Daoism as Magic and Religion:
a: What did the Daoists teach about longevity and immortality in the classic texts?
b: Where were the Blessed Isles and Elixir Alchemy?
c: How did Hygiene and the “Five-Element” Coordination factor in ancient Daoism?
d: What was the Daoist teaching on ‘breath control”?
e: What does one learn about Daoist emphases upon diet and sexual restraints?
f: What was “Wu Dou Mi Dao”?
g: How many sacred texts eventually came to be recognized among Daoist circles?
h: Who was Ge Hong and what kinds of things did he do to promote magic?
i: What is Neo-Daoism? (3 points):
j: What did the emperor Zhen Zong do to revive faith in primitive Chinese religion around the
year 1005 CE?
k: How and why is Daoism surviving in China today?
Chapter 10: Confucius and Confucianism: A Study in Optimistic Humanism
What is the Chinese name for Confucius?
291-293: the Man Confucius:
a: Historically, there seems to be three routes to take regarding information about Confucius. The
route taken by Noss is called a “moderate course” (page 291). Explain:
Summarize the life history of Confucius: (2 points):
294-306: The Teachings of Confucius:
a: List the 4 books that are the primary sources for the teaching of Confucius
b: What is the story behind the potential threat to the main sources of Confucius’ teaching? (2
points):
c: Summarize the discussion about li. What is it? What are its main features and assumptions? (3
points)
d: What is shu?
e: What are the Five Great Relationships and Filial Piety?
f: What was Confucius’ political philosophy?
g: What is meant by Zheng-ming, the rectification of names?
h: What is a Jun-zi, a Chun-tzu, or a superior man?
i: What is meant by Chung Yung (Zhong Vong), the golden mean?
j: What was Confucius’ religious teaching?
k: What is the will of heaven?
306-319: The Confucian School-Its Rivals and Champions
a: what was the origin of various schools of Confucianism and what factors impeded their
development?
b: What was the relationship between the Confucianists and the Daoists?
c: Who was Mo Tzu (Mo-zi) and what were the emphases of the Mohists? (3 points):
d: Who were the Legalists and what were their emphases? (2 points)
e: Who was Mencius and how did he help establish Confucian Orthodoxy? (3 points)
f: Who was Xun-zi and how did he champion heterodoxy? (2 points)
g: How did Confucianism became State Orthodoxy?
h: What was Confucian Scholasticism?
i: What was the relationship between Confucianism and Buddhism?
319-323: Neo-Confucianism:
a: How did neo-Confucianism development and who was Zhu Xi? (2 points):
b: What is Tai-ji and what is its relationship to qi and li?
c: What was Zhu Xi’s view of heaven (tian)?
d: How did Zhu Xi’s practice of meditation differ from the Zen Buddhists?
e: What was the movement called Wang Yang-ming?
323-324: the State Cult of Confucius
a: What are the main events and emphases in the development of the state cult of Confucius? (2
points)
325-328: Religion in China in the Modern Period
a: Who was Mao Zedong (Mao-Tse-tung) and what did he accomplish in China that affected
Confucianism?
b: What is Confucianism like today? Include in your answer the five shared values ratified in
Singapore in 1991 (3 points):
c: What is Falun Gong?