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Bellwork 2/24/15 1. Northerners who came South to seek political and business opportunities during the period of Reconstruction were called what? a. scalawags b. sharecroppers c. carpetbaggers d. freedmen Answer: C 2. The years immediately following the Civil War were called what? a. Reunification b. Prohibition c. Reconstruction d. Nationalism Answer: C Agenda Notes/Discussion: Reconstruction Key Focus: • Impact of Reconstruction in the South • Presidential & Congressional Reconstruction Plans Student Group Activity: Complete Chart analyzing presidential & congressional plans Closure: Using your white boards, list one plan for reconstruction along with one idea from its policy Reflection: Students are to choose one Reconstruction Plan that they favor and explain why they support it Quick Review Definition: Characteristics: Civil War- A civil war is a war between people of the same country. • The American Civil War was fought to keep the South from leaving the Union. • Slavery was the major issue that separated the North from the South. • Worst Civil War in America Examples: Non-examples • Union v/s Confederates (American Civil War) • Military Revolt v/s Republican Government (Spanish Civil War) • North Korea v/s South Korea (Korean War) • World War I • American Revolution • Cold War Focus Statement Analyze the development of Reconstruction policy, plans, and its impact on the South How many of you have ever moved to a new house due to relocation, fire, etc.? • A period from 1865-1877 that involved rebuilding the South • Almost 620,000 Americans lost their lives in 4 years of fighting, making the WBS the most costliest conflict in American history • Bitterness over the war lasted for a long time • About 4 million slaves freed Key Questions 1. How do we bring the South back into the Union? Political 2. How do we rebuild the South after its destruction during the war? Economic 4. What branch of government should control the process of Reconstruction? Political 3. How do we integrate and protect newlyemancipated black freedmen? Social Reconstruction in the South Economic Issues • The infrastructure of the South was destroyed by the Civil War. (Roads, buildings, and the railroad needed to be rebuilt) • The South still wanted a source of cheap labor Social Issues • The 13th Amendment ended slavery and the southern states had to reconcile this • Women and blacks hoped to gain civil rights Political Issues • States had to rewrite their constitutions Geographic Issues • The South consisted mainly of rural towns. There were very few cities. Think*Write*Share Travel Journal Imagine that you are traveling through the South during Reconstruction. Create a journal describing what you see. Be sure to include the geographics, the people (social), economic issues etc. CFU Using your whiteboards, list some key concerns for rebuilding the South How Do You Make a Peanut Butter & Jelly Sandwich? ` • Create a list of steps that are necessary to make a peanut butter and jelly sandwich Focus Statement Analyze the development of Reconstruction policy and its impact in South Carolina, including the Presidential and Congressional Reconstruction Plans Presidential Reconstruction What are the pros and cons of these plans? 8-5.1 Analyze the development of Reconstruction Policy and its impact in South Carolina including, the presidential and congressional reconstruction plans • Students will complete chart analyzing the reconstruction plans • I Do: The teacher will model using informational text to find relevant information on the policies and plans during reconstruction using a graphic organizer • We Do: Work together on various plans and how they impacted South Carolina. • You Do: The students will complete the graphic organizer • Students will then share responses President Lincoln’s Plan « 10% Plan * Proclamation of Amnesty and Reconstruction (December 8, 1863) * Replace majority rule with “loyal rule” in the South. * He didn’t consult Congress regarding Reconstruction. * Pardon to all but the highest ranking military and civilian Confederate officers. * When 10% of the voting population in the 1860 election had taken an oath of loyalty and established a government, it would be recognized. Focus Statement Analyze the development of Reconstruction policy, plans, and its impact on the South President Johnson’s Plan (10%+) « Offered amnesty upon simple oath to all except Confederate civil and military officers and those with property over $20,000 (they could apply directly to Johnson) « In new constitutions, they must accept minimum conditions repudiating slavery, secession and state debts. « Named provisional governors in Confederate states and called them to oversee elections for constitutional conventions. 1. Disenfranchised certain leading Confederates. EFFECTS? 2. Pardoned planter aristocrats brought them back to political power to control state organizations. 3. Republicans were outraged that planter elite were back in power in the South! Focus Statement Analyze the development of Reconstruction policy, plans, and its impact on the South Radical Republican’s Plan for Reconstruction • All person involved in the war on the Confederate side could not hold public office • Black males gained the right to vote. White males who participated in the Confederacy lost the right to vote • Southern states would be readmitted to the union after they wrote a new constitution that was approved by Congress • State constitutions had to be approved by eligible voters in the state • Each state had to approve the 14th Amendment, which established U.S. citizenship, “equal protection or the laws” and ‘due process of the law” • The South was divided into five military districts. North and South Carolina were part of the 2nd District 14th Amendment « Ratified in July, 1868. * Provide a constitutional guarantee of the rights and security of freed people. * Insure against neo-Confederate political power. * Enshrine the national debt while repudiating that of the Confederacy. « Southern states would be punished for denying the right to vote to black citizens! Closure • Using your white boards, students will list and explain each of the Reconstruction Plans Lesson Overview: Reconstruction Plans of the South • Johnson Plan which was similar to Lincoln’s had a few differences. Johnson’s plan did have the same ideas as Lincoln yet he did have certain ambiguities one included the right to grant pardons to the same people that he claimed he wanted exclude power from. Doing this did not help the reconstruction plan it only irritated Northerners who saw senators of former offices in the Confederacy reclaiming their places in U.S. senates. This was not very logical on Johnson’s part of a plan. The Radical Republicans (Congressional) only sought to help white Northerners. That is why they would create a Black Code, or even suggest that blacks stay in the South. If the blacks were to come to the North it would probably mean fewer jobs for white Northerners, or even competing for them. For a political group to want something so badly that they would consider hurt a people for their own benefit it seems cruel. Lincoln’s reconstruction plan probably did not go into full effect but it was still more logical than the other two plans. Lincoln’s Reconstruction Plan was the most logical due to facts that he had thought put into the plan he knew no more that 10 percent of people would all have a loyalty oath, there was no exceptions in his plan whatever was said was done, and he did create laws for his own personal benefit. Lincoln’s reconstruction plan sought to reincorporate the South back into the Union, and was for an enhancement of the U.S. Reflection • Students are to choose one Reconstruction Plan that they favor and explain why they support it • If students do not agree with any of the plans, they are to create a list of ideas they would have included in their own plan • Divide into small groups, and share your responses • Using the paragraphs as a guide, create a graphic identifying the strengths and weaknesses of each plan Materials Needed • • • • • • • • SC Standards Text book Informational Text Document Camera/Promethean Board PowerPoint Teacher Created Notes Teacher Created Graphic Organizers Study Guides/Test