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Cellular Transport (Biology text: pages 201207) Vocabulary (Brownian motion, Diffusion, concentration gradient, dynamic equilibrium, facilitated diffusion, osmosis, isotonic solution, hypotonic solution, hypertonic solution, passive transport, active transport, endocytosis, exocytosis) Part I: Diffusion 1. Movement of substances dissolved in water move constantly in random motion called _______________________________. 2. Describe what is meant by a concentration gradient. 3. The name given to the movement of particles once equilibrium is taking place is ______________________________, where particles continue to … 4. List three factors that affect the rate of diffusion? Explain how these factors affect the rate of diffusion. 5. The name of the diffusion process across the cell membrane where transport proteins are used _________________________. 6. Types of transport proteins: 7. Osmosis regulates the movement of ________________ across the cell membrane which is an important factor in maintaining _____________________ within the cell. 8. How is the concentration of a solution described in terms of the ratio of solute (solid particles) to solvent (water)? High? When? Low? When? 9. Water molecules diffuse from areas of ___________ concentration of solution to areas of ____________ concentration of solution. 10. What happens between cells placed in an isotonic solution? (iso= equal) 11. What happens to cells in a hypotonic solution? (hypo=under) 12. How do animal cells and plant cells differ when placed in a hypotonic solution? Part II: Active Transport: 13. List three ways active transport differs from passive transport? 14. List the 6 steps involved with the sodium (Na+) potassium (K+) pump. Also see (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iExyeBwhNjM) 15. What is the outcome at the end of the sodium (Na+) potassium (K+) pump working a complete cycle? 16. Describe endocytosis and exocytosis?