Download Macromolecules Practice with Answers

Macromolecules Practice
Section A.
Macromolecule
Name on Monomer
Description of Monomer
General Description of a
Polymer
Examples of Polymers
Protein
Amino Acid
A central carbon bonded to
a hydrogen, a carboxylic
group, an amino group and
an R group
Primary-Sequence of amino acids
Secondary-Alpha helices and beta
pleated sheets stabilized by
hydrogen bonds
Tertiary-Folding stabilized by
sulfur bonds
Quarternary-Two or more protein
chains coming together to make a
functional protein
Muscle fibers, smooth
muscles, enzymes,
hormones such as insulin
Carbohydrate
Monosaccharide
Five or six carbon rings
with oxygens and
hydrogens
Chains of
monosaccharides; may be
straight or branched
Glycogen, starch, cellulose
Nucleic Acids
Nucleotide
A sugar, a phosphate group
and a nitrogen containing
base (cytosine, guanine,
uracil, adenine, thymine)
Single or double helix
structure
DNA and RNA
Section B. Identify the following as a monomer (M) or a polymer (P).
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M
P
M
P
P
M
P
Glucose
Protein
Nucleotide
Red Blood Cell
DNA
Monosaccharide
Starch
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M
M
P
P
P
P
P
Amino Acid
Fructose
Glycogen
Polysaccharide
Nucleic Acid
RNA
Cellulose
Section C. Decide if each of these relates most to a lipid (L), carbohydrate (C), protein (P) or nucleic acid (N).
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C Made of only carbon, hydrogen and oxygen
P Monomers of this are called amino acids
N Guanine, thymine, cytosine, adenine and uracil are nitrogen-containing bases
C Starch and cellulose are examples of polymers
L Cholesterol is one subtype of this, and is used to generate several hormones
P A central carbon surrounded by a hydrogen; a carboxylic group; an amino group and an R group form the monomer of this group
C Glucose and fructose are examples of monomers
P It can have a primary, secondary, tertiary and quarternary structure
N Monomers are called nucleotides
N RNA and DNA are this type of molecule
L These are generally nonpolar, however the type that make up cell membranes has a hydrophilic portion
P Myoglobin and myosin are Miss Anderson’s two favorites of this group of macromolecules, which are derived from sequences of 20
different amino acids
Section D. Match these characteristics to triglycerides (T), phospholipids (P) or cholesterol (C). A characteristic may be true of more than one type
of lipid.
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T C Completely nonpolar
C Structure has four fused rings
P Two fatty acid tails
T Three fatty acid tails
P Makes up the phospholipid bilayer of cell membranes
C Is used by the body to manufacture steroid hormones
P Has a polar, hydrophilic head region
T May be solid or liquid, depending on the presence of double or single bonds
Section E. Match each characteristic to the level of organization of the protein. Indicate your answer as primary (P), secondary (S), tertiary (T) or
quarternary (Q).
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T Final folding of the protein, stabilized by bonds between sulfur atoms
S Preliminary folding of the protein, stabilized by hydrogen bonds
P Sequence of amino acids
Q Association of two or more folded amino acid chains to create a functional protein