Download Unit 6 Ancient Greece Key terms and People

Unit 6 Ancient Greece
Key terms and People
Created by Mrs. Watts
• Cyrus the Great founded the Persian Empire
• cavalry unit of soldiers who ride horses
• Darius I young prince who claimed the
throne and killed all his rivals for power.
Worked to restore Persia and expanded the
Persian empire
• Persian Wars series of wars between Persia and
Greece
• Xerxes I Darius’s son. King of Persia who
organized a vast army that defeated the Greeks at
Thermopylae and sacked Athens. After the defeat
of his navy at Salamis and of his army at Plataea
he retreated to Persia, where he was later
assassinated.
• alliance an agreement to work together
• Peloponnesian War a war between Athens and
Sparta that threatened to tear all of Greece apart
• Philip II king of Macedonia and a brilliant military
leader. He achieved a peace settlement in which
all the states except Sparta participated.
• phalanx a group of warrios who stood close
together in a square
• Alexander the Great son of Phillip ll. Ended the
slave revolt in Thebes.Noted as one of the
greatest conquerors in history. He conquered all
of the Persian empire.
• Socrates Athenian philosopher. Taught by asking
questions .
• Plato ancient greek philospher. Created a school
for scientists to discuss ideas.
• Aristotle Greek philosopher. Taught that people should live
life in moderation. He made advances in the field of logic,
the process of making inferences.
• Euclid studyied mathematics. He was interested in
geometry , the study of lines, angles and shapes. Most of
what we know about geometry came from Euclid.
• Hippocrates- greatest greek doctor. Wanted to figure out
what caused diseases. So that he could better treat them/
better known today for his ideas about how to treat
doctors. Doctors still use the Hippocratic Oath today.
• polis greek work for city-state
• acropolis high hill with a fortress on top
• democracy type of government in which
people rule themselves
• Aristocrats rich landowners
• oligarchy only a few people have power to
rule
• citizens people who had the right to
participate in government
• tyrant a leader who held power through the use of
force
• Pericles elected Athenian leader after their
democracynoted for advancing democracy in Athens
and for ordering the construction of the Parthenon.
• Homer Greek epic poet. Two of the greatest works in
Western literature. Wrote the Iliad and the Odyssey
• Aesop told stories to teach lessons. He story
teller credited with a number of fables now
collectively known as Aesop's Fables.
• fables short stories that teach the reader
lessons about life or give advice on how to
live.