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TEACHERGUIDE DissectiononDemand:FetalPig 60MinuteHealthand LifeScienceLesson Science-to-Go!Program Grades: 6 - 1 2 DissectiononDemand:FetalPig Description Objectives Studentswillperformadissectionofafetalpig, comparing its gross anatomy with that of a human. Your museum educator will quiz students on organ structure and function throughout the dissection, and identify interesting traits and features students may notice on their own bodies. Real human specimenswillbedisplayedforcomparisonwith animalsamples,andstudentswilldiscusshabits that may lead to health concerns of specific organs. • • • Reviewanatomyandphysiologyofa mammal,coveringpartsofthe cardiovascular,respiratory, neurological,digestive,hematological, musculoskeletalandrenalsystems. Discusstie-instohumanhealthand diseasesateachmajororgan. Studentswillexamineanatomical landmarksontheirownbody. Ohio’sLearningStandards Grade6:LifeScience-CellulartoMulticellular • Cellsarethefundamentalunitoflife. • Cellscarryonspecificfunctionsthatsustainlife. • Livingsystemsatalllevelsoforganizationdemonstratethecomplementarynatureof structureandfunction. Grade8:LifeScience–SpeciesandReproduction • Thecharacteristicsofanorganismarearesultofinheritedtraitsreceivedfromparent(s). HighSchool:Biology:Cells • Cellularprocesses(characteristicsofliferegulatedbycellularprocesses). NationalHealthEducationStandards Grade6,8-12:Standard1 • Studentswillcomprehendconceptsrelatedtohealthpromotionanddisease preventiontoenhancehealth. HowtoSetUpYourRoom • • • • • Pleasehavestudentscleartheirdesksbeforetheprogrambegins. Pleaseprovideanemptydeskorsmalltableforthemuseumeducatortosetupdisplayitems. UsethevocabularyandadditionalresourcesprovidedinthisTeacherGuidetopreviewor reviewprogramcontentwithyourclass. Ifbookingmultipleprograms,transitionswillbeeasierifmuseumstaffsetsupinonlyone location. TheMuseumwillprovideallmaterialsfordissection. Vocabulary alveoli–tiny,thin-walledsacsofthelungswhereoxygenandcarbondioxideareexchanged. anatomy–Thestructureofanorganismorthescienceofthestructureofanimalsorplants. aorta–thelargestarteryofthebody,sendingbloodfromthehearttotherestofthebody appendix-Anarrowvestigialprocessprojectingfromthececuminthelowerright-handpartof theabdomenofsomemammals,includinghumans. atrium(atria)–thesuperiorchambersoftheheart,receivingbloodfromveinsandsendingthe blooddowntotheventricles artery–amuscularbloodvesselthattakesbloodawayfromtheheart cardiovascular(circulatory)system–thesystemofthebodycomposedoftheheartandblood vessels,meanttodelivervitalcomponentstoandfromallthecellsofthebody cecum-Thelargeblindpouchformingthebeginningofthelargeintestine. cell–thesmallestunitoflifeinalllivingorganisms colon-Thesectionofthelargeintestineextendingfromthececumtotherectum. diaphragm–amusclebetweenthechestandabdomenthatmovesupanddowntopushairin andoutofthelungs. esophagus-Themuscularmembranoustubeforthepassageoffoodfromthepharynxtothe stomach. heartattack–damagetotheheartduetolowoxygenation,usuallyfrompoorbloodflowfroma diseasedcoronaryartery hepatic–Of,orrelatingto,theliver. physiology–thesciencedealingwiththefunctionsandprocessesoflivingorganisms. pulmonary–Of,relatingto,oraffectingthelungs. rectum-Theterminalportionofthelargeintestine,extendingfromthesigmoidcolontotheanal canal. renal–Of,relatingto,orintheregionofthekidneys. spleen–Alarge,highlyvascularlymphoidorgan,lyinginthehumanbodytotheleftofthe stomachbelowthediaphragm,servingtostoreblood,disintegrateoldbloodcells,filterforeign substancesfromtheblood,andproducelymphocytes. thymus-Asmallglandularorganthatissituatedbehindthetopofthebreastbone,consisting mainlyoflymphatictissueandservingasthesiteofTcelldifferentiation.Thethymusincreases graduallyinsizeandactivityuntilpuberty,becomingvestigialthereafter. thyroid-Atwo-lobedendocrineglandfoundinallvertebrates,locatedinfrontofandoneither sideofthetracheainhumans,andproducingvarioushormones tissue–thesubstanceofalivingorganismthatismadeofcells.Adoctormighttakea“tissue sample”ofanorganthattheysuspectisdiseasedinordertolookatitscellsunderamicroscope. trachea–Athin-walled,cartilaginoustubedescendingfromthelarynxtothebronchiandcarrying airtothelungs. ExtensionActivities • • • Comparativeanatomy–havestudentschooseanothernon-mammalanimalandlookup someimagesofitsinternalanatomy.Askthemtoprepareareportonwhatorgansare similarordifferentinlocationorfunctioncomparedtomammals. Preservedvs.FreshOrganDissection–inthepast,theMuseumhaspurchasedfresh sheepandcowhearts,brains,eyes,andotherorgansfromlocalbutchersforourstudents tohaveonhandwhiledissectingpreservedorgans. SuturePractice–OnYouTube,thekeywords“surgicalknots”willbringuplotsofgood tutorialsonhowtotieoneandtwo-handedknotswhilesuturing.Studentscanusethread oryarntopractice,thentrysuturingoneithertheirpigafterdissection,oronathickskinnedfruit.CompanieslikeCarolinaBiologicalthatsellpreservedanimalsfordissection alsosellsutureneedles&thread. OnlineResourcesforTeachersandStudents Clickthelinkbelowtofindadditionalonlineresourcesforteachersandstudents.Thesewebsitesare recommendedbyourMuseumEducatorsandprovideadditionalcontentinformationandsomefun, interactiveactivitiestosharewithyourclass. CMNHEducatorsregularlyreviewtheselinksforquality.Webaddressesoftenchangesoplease notifyusifanylinkshaveissues. ClevelandMuseumofNaturalHistoryhttps://cmnh.org/edlinks EducatorResourceCenter(ERC) MaterialsforLoan TheEducatorResourceCenteroffers educatorworkshops,thematicteaching kits,animaldioramas,andmoreforloanto areateachers. ContacttheERCat216-231-2075for informationonindividualorschool membership. VisittheMuseum’sERCwebsiteformore informationonworkshops https://www.cmnh.org/ERC Ifyou’reinterestedinadditionalresources besuretocheckoutthefollowingERC materialsorbrowseERCmaterialsonlineat http://cmnh.hosting.l4u.com RelatedERCkitstothistopicinclude: TheBody’sManySystems:Propswithinthis healthkitrevealelementaryconceptsinthe study of the human body, including skeletal/muscular, digestive, respiratory, circulatory,andnervoussystem. Hours o MondaythroughFriday,1to5PM o Wednesday,1to6PM o Saturday,9AMto2PM