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Biology EOCT Practice Questions Part I Milton High School 1 Glucose is a simple sugar that is broken down for the release of energy during cellular respiration. The formula for glucose is C6H12O6. To which class of organic macromolecules does glucose belong? A. Carbohydrates B. Proteins C. Lipids D.Nucleic acids 2 Glucose is a simple sugar that is broken down for the release of energy during cellular respiration. The formula for glucose is C6H12O6. To which class of organic macromolecules does glucose belong? A. Carbohydrates B. Proteins C. Lipids D.Nucleic acids 3 The function of the mitochondria in cells is to A.Produce energy B.Synthesize DNA C.Support ribosomes D.Modify proteins 4 The function of the mitochondria in cells is to A.Produce energy B.Synthesize DNA C.Support ribosomes D.Modify proteins 5 The diagram shows a basic food chain in an ecosystem. The box on the far right demonstrates energy flow out of the ecosystem. Which of the following is the most likely cause of energy leaving the ecosystem? E N E R G Y A. Immigration B. Photosynthesis C. Respiration D. Competition 6 The diagram shows a basic food chain in an ecosystem. The box on the far right demonstrates energy flow out of the ecosystem. Which of the following is the most likely cause of energy leaving the ecosystem? E N E R G Y A. Immigration B. Photosynthesis C. Cellular Respiration D. Competition 7 Which types of organic molecules serve as the building blocks of living things and form when amino acids are joined by a peptide bond? A. Proteins B. Fatty acids C. Nucleic acids D. Carbohydrates 8 Which types of organic molecules serve as the building blocks of living things and form when amino acids are joined by a peptide bond? A. Proteins B. Fatty acids C. Nucleic acids D. Carbohydrates 9 In pea plants, the allele for green pods is (G) is dominant over the allele for yellow pods (g). If a pea plant has yellow pods, what is its genotype? A. GG B. Gg C. gg D. Gy 10 In pea plants, the allele for green pods is (G) is dominant over the allele for yellow pods (g). If a pea plant has yellow pods, what is its genotype? A. GG B. Gg C. gg D. Gy 11 Which of the following can cause a mutation? I. Spontaneous error during replication II. Ultraviolet radiation III. Swimming in polluted water A. B. C. D. I only II only I and II only I, II, and III 12 Which of the following can cause a mutation? I. Spontaneous error during replication II. Ultraviolet radiation III. Swimming in polluted water A. B. C. D. I only II only I and II only I, II, and III 13 Ticks obtain nourishment by feeding on the blood of mammals such as mice and squirrels. Although ticks do not kill the animal upon which they feed, they can weaken the animal. What type of relationship do a tick and the animal upon which it feeds illustrate? A. Mutualism B. Commensalism C. Competition D.Parasitism 14 Ticks obtain nourishment by feeding on the blood of mammals such as mice and squirrels. Although ticks do not kill the animal upon which they feed, they can weaken the animal. What type of relationship do a tick and the animal upon which it feeds illustrate? A. Mutualism B. Commensalism C. Competition D.Parasitism 15 Bromeliads are epiphytes that live attached the high branches of trees. Living high up in the trees provide the bromeliads better access to water and sunlight. The tree receives no benefit from the relationship and is not harmed. What type of ecosystem interaction do the bromeliads and the trees exhibit? A. Mutualism B. Commensalism C. Competition D. Parasitism 16 Bromeliads are epiphytes that live attached the high branches of trees. Living high up in the trees provide the bromeliads better access to water and sunlight. The tree receives no benefit from the relationship and is not harmed. What type of ecosystem interaction do the bromeliads and the trees exhibit? A. Mutualism B. Commensalism C. Competition D. Parasitism 17 A lichen is formed by a relationship between a fungus and a green alga. The fungus anchors the lichen and protects the alga from direct sunlight and extreme temperature fluctuations. The green alga performs photosynthesis, providing food for itself and the fungus. What type of symbiotic relationship does a lichen illustrate? A. Mutualism B. Commensalism C. Competition D. Predation 18 A lichen is formed by a relationship between a fungus and a green alga. The fungus anchors the lichen and protects the alga from direct sunlight and extreme temperature fluctuations. The green alga performs photosynthesis, providing food for itself and the fungus. What type of symbiotic relationship does a lichen illustrate? A. Mutualism B. Commensalism C. Competition D. Predation 19 Which cell component may be present in a eukaryotic cell, but not in a prokaryotic cell? A. Cell wall B. Cell membrane C. Nucleus D.Cytoplasm 20 Which cell component may be present in a eukaryotic cell, but not in a prokaryotic cell? A. Cell wall B. Cell membrane C. Nucleus D.Cytoplasm 21 Lice, fleas, ticks, and bedbugs are organisms that frequently obtain nutrition by living in and feeding on the tissues or fluids of other organisms. What name is given to the organisms that provide nourishment to lice, fleas, ticks, and bedbugs? A. Parasite B. Host C. Predator D. Producer 22 Lice, fleas, ticks, and bedbugs are organisms that frequently obtain nutrition by living in and feeding on the tissues or fluids of other organisms. What name is given to the organisms that provide nourishment to lice, fleas, ticks, and bedbugs? A. Parasite B. Host C. Predator D. Producer 23 Which form of reproduction gives organisms that live in a changing environment the advantage of greater variation? A. B. C. D. Binary fission Asexual reproduction Budding Sexual reproduction 24 Which form of reproduction gives organisms that live in a changing environment the advantage of greater variation? A. B. C. D. Binary fission Asexual reproduction Budding Sexual reproduction 25 Which of the following are reactants for cellular respiration and products of photosynthesis? A. Carbon dioxide and water B. Glucose and oxygen C. Glucose, water, and carbon dioxide D. Glucose, oxygen, and water 26 Which of the following are reactants for cellular respiration and products of photosynthesis? A. Carbon dioxide and water B. Glucose and oxygen C. Glucose, water, and carbon dioxide D. Glucose, oxygen, and water 27 Mr. Bleier is examining cells with a microscope. The cells he is viewing appear to come from a multi-cellular organism that has a nucleus, a cell membrane, a cell wall, and chloroplasts. From which of the following groups of organisms was the sample taken? A. Bacteria B. Plants C. Animals D. Protists 28 Mr. Bleier is examining cells with a microscope. The cells he is viewing appear to come from a multi-cellular organism that has a nucleus, a cell membrane, a cell wall, and chloroplasts. From which of the following groups of organisms was the sample taken? A. Bacteria B. Plants C. Animals D. Protists 29 The half-life of iodine-131 is 8 days. What fraction of a sample of iodine-131 will remain after 32 days? A. B. C. D. One-half One-fourth One-eighth One-sixteenth 30 The half-life of iodine-131 is 8 days. What fraction of a sample of iodine-131 will remain after 32 days? A. B. C. D. One-half One-fourth One-eighth One-sixteenth 31 Which process allows organisms with favorable genes an increased chance to survive and reproduce? A. Endosymbiosis B. Genetic mutation C. Parthenogenesis D.Natural selection 32 Which process allows organisms with favorable genes an increased chance to survive and reproduce? A. Endosymbiosis B. Genetic mutation C. Parthenogenesis D.Natural selection 33 Which of the following is a result of genetic engineering? I. Bt corn which is resistant to the pest called the corn borer II. Using recombinant DNA to create goats whose milk contains an enzyme found in human breast milk III. Genetically altered bacteria which eat oil and can help clean up oil spills A. B. C. D. I only I and II only II and III only I, II, and III 34 Which of the following is a result of genetic engineering? I. Bt corn which is resistant to the pest called the corn borer II. Using recombinant DNA to create goats whose milk contains an enzyme found in human breast milk III. Genetically altered bacteria which eat oil and can help clean up oil spills A. B. C. D. I only I and II only II and III only I, II, and III 35 Ben is mapping the organization of the environment while studying for an exam. Starting with the simplest level, in which order should Ben put the levels of the environment? A. Biosphere, ecosystem, community, population, organism B. Organism, community, population, ecosystem, biosphere C. Organism, population, community, ecosystem, biosphere D. Population, organism, community, biosphere, ecosystem 36 Ben is mapping the organization of the environment while studying for an exam. Starting with the simplest level, in which order should Ben put the levels of the environment? A. Biosphere, ecosystem, community, population, organism B. Organism, community, population, ecosystem, biosphere C. Organism, population, community, ecosystem, biosphere D. Population, organism, community, biosphere, ecosystem 37 Only 10% of the energy at any trophic level is available to the next trophic level. Based on this, if a population of wildabeast needs 5,000 J, then how much energy must be produced by the plants they feed on? A. 5,000 J B. 500 J C. 5,500 J D. 50,000 J 38 Only 10% of the energy at any trophic level is available to the next trophic level. Based on this, if a population of wildabeast needs 5,000 J, then how much energy must be produced by the plants they feed on? A. 5,000 J B. 500 J C. 5,500 J D. 50,000 J 39 Which of the following effects cannot be attributed to acid rain? A. Damage to trees and a decline of forest communities B. An increase in carbon dioxide in Earth’s atmosphere C. Damage to historic buildings and monuments D.Death of aquatic organisms in lakes and streams 40 Which of the following effects cannot be attributed to acid rain? A. Damage to trees and a decline of forest communities B. An increase in carbon dioxide in Earth’s atmosphere C. Damage to historic buildings and monuments D.Death of aquatic organisms in lakes and streams 41 After fires destroyed 793,000 acres of aspen and pine forest in Yellowstone National Park in the summer of 1988, biologists were able to study the long-term effects of fire on an ecosystem. The biologists found that the soil after fire was more fertile which allowed small plants and new pine trees to re-establish quickly in the park. What ecological process were the biologists observing? A. B. C. D. Biodiversity Equilibrium Succession Food web energy flow 42 After fires destroyed 793,000 acres of aspen and pine forest in Yellowstone National Park in the summer of 1988, biologists were able to study the long-term effects of fire on an ecosystem. The biologists found that the soil after fire was more fertile which allowed small plants and new pine trees to re-establish quickly in the park. What ecological process were the biologists observing? A. B. C. D. Biodiversity Equilibrium Succession Food web energy flow 43 This drawing shows a food web for an ecosystem. Which of the following organisms is the primary producer for this food web? A. Polar bear B. Arctic char C. Copepod D. Phytoplankton 44 This drawing shows a food web for an ecosystem. Which of the following organisms is the primary producer for this food web? A. Polar bear B. Arctic char C. Copepod D. Phytoplankton 45 Which of the following is an advantage of asexual reproduction in an environment that undergoes very few changes? A. It requires two parents B. It increases genetic diversity C. It results in offspring that are genetically identical D. It does not involve chromosomes 46 Which of the following is an advantage of asexual reproduction in an environment that undergoes very few changes? A. It requires two parents B. It increases genetic diversity C. It results in offspring that are genetically identical D. It does not involve chromosomes 47 Which of the following is one way that RNA is different from DNA? A. B. C. D. RNA exists only in one structural form RNA is not twisted into a helix RNA contains adenine and phosphates RNA contains thymine instead of uracil 48 Which of the following is one way that RNA is different from DNA? A. B. C. D. RNA exists only in one structural form RNA is not twisted into a helix RNA contains adenine and phosphates RNA contains thymine instead of uracil 49 How might the overuse of antibiotics lead to resistant strains of bacteria? A. Antibiotics change the structure of bacteria, making them resistant. B. Antibiotics introduce too many bacteria to a population at one time. C. Antibiotics provide breeding ground in which bacteria flourish. D. Antibiotics shift natural selection to favor existing resistant bacteria. 50 How might the overuse of antibiotics lead to resistant strains of bacteria? A. Antibiotics change the structure of bacteria, making them resistant. B. Antibiotics introduce too many bacteria to a population at one time. C. Antibiotics provide breeding ground in which bacteria flourish. D. Antibiotics shift natural selection to favor existing resistant bacteria. 51 Which of the following is a risk associated with genetic engineering? I. Genetically engineered crops could harm beneficial insects II. Genetically engineered crops could produce pesticide –resistant weeds. III. Genetically engineered organisms can reduce genetic variation in wild species A. B. C. D. I only II only I and II only I, II, and III 52 Which of the following is a risk associated with genetic engineering? I. Genetically engineered crops could harm beneficial insects II. Genetically engineered crops could produce pesticide –resistant weeds. III. Genetically engineered organisms can reduce genetic variation in wild species A. B. C. D. I only II only I and II only I, II, and III 53 Which of these is a common adaptation that helps desert plants conserve water? A. B. C. D. Waxy coverings on leaves and stems Large broad leaves Large stomata which remain open during the day Very deep root systems 54 Which of these is a common adaptation that helps desert plants conserve water? A. B. C. D. Waxy coverings (cuticle) on leaves and stems Large broad leaves Large stomata which remain open during the day Very deep root systems 55 Which of these is a biotic factor in the Amazon River ecosystem? A. B. C. D. Temperature Sand Fish nitrogen 56 Which of these is a biotic factor in the Amazon River ecosystem? A. B. C. D. Temperature Sand Fish nitrogen 57 After the volcanic eruption of Mount St. Helens, a climax community is established. What is the nature of this community? A. It is the first community of plants to establish itself in the region B. It is the stable community formed at the end of ecological succession C. It is the community of organisms destroyed by the lava D. It is a temporary community formed as the ecosystem recovers from the damage 58 After the volcanic eruption of Mount St. Helens, a climax community is established. What is the nature of this community? A. It is the first community of plants to establish itself in the region B. It is the stable community formed at the end of ecological succession C. It is the community of organisms destroyed by the lava D. It is a temporary community formed as the ecosystem recovers from the damage 59 Bacteria and fungi feed on a dead log. These organisms act as decomposers by breaking down the matter in the log and returning nutrients to the ecosystem. Which of the following describes the role of the bacteria and fungi in the environment? A. B. C. D. Producer Habitat Niche Biome 60 Bacteria and fungi feed on a dead log. These organisms act as decomposers by breaking down the matter in the log and returning nutrients to the ecosystem. Which of the following describes the role of the bacteria and fungi in the environment? A. B. C. D. Producer Habitat Niche Biome 61 A cladogram shows A. B. C. D. Which kingdom is the most diverse How to name species Change over time Evolutionary relationships 62 A cladogram shows A. B. C. D. Which kingdom is the most diverse How to name species Change over time Evolutionary relationships 63