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12.1 NOTES Where does water in the atmosphere come from? Objective: Explain how water gets into the atmosphere Water in air is in the form of a gas called water vapor. Water changes state at ordinary temperatures and pressures, allowing water to leave the oceans as a gas and returning again as a liquid. Water is also found in the atmosphere as clouds and fog. These are made up of tiny droplets of water or ice. The amount of water vapor in the air differs from place to place over time. Evaporation occurs when a liquid changes into a gas. Most of the water in the air evaporates from the oceans. Water also evaporates from lakes, pond, rivers, puddles, and soil. Winds carry this water vapor all over Earth’s surface. Molecules in liquid are always moving. When a liquid is heated, its molecules move faster, allowing more to escape from the surface. Evaporation from the oceans occurs most rapidly around the equator where the water receives more direct rays from the Sun. Living things add water vapor to the air through respiration. Plants also give off water vapor through a process called transpiration. This occurs in the leaves of plants through tiny openings called stomata.