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Renaissance Music Timeline 1400-‐1600 1450-‐1550 – Composers continue to expand on polyphony with the “cantus firmus”. The cantus firmus was a chant melody upon which supporting harmonies were added. Rules began to evolve as to which harmonies were deemed “acceptable” and which were “forbidden” 1517 – Protestant Reformation Begun by Martin Luther, among other liturgical changes, church music began the shift from chant performed by the clergy to chorales and hymns sung by the congregation. Began monophonic, and evolved to four-‐part (SATB) harmony. 1500-‐1550 – The French Chanson emerges. Polyphonic music for small groups, 2 to 4 voices. Example: Quand Je Boi Du Vin Clairet (Drinking Song) 1550 – Catholic Counter-‐Reformation Council of Trent met from 1545-‐1563 to discuss complaints against the Church and its music. Post-‐1550 – “High Renaissance” 1500-‐1620 – The Italian madrigal emerges. Secular songs, polyphonic vocal pieces, sung in small groups of no more than 8 singers. Important Composer: Claudio Monteverdi Example: Cor mio, mentre vi miro Sacred Music Composer: Giovanni Pierluigi de Palestrina. Composed at the height of the High Renaissance. Example: Ave Maria Composer: Tomas Luis de Victoria. Known Spanish composer of mainly sacred music. Example: O Magnum Mysterium Instrumental Music Composer: Giovanni Gabrielli. Italain composer of church music, and highly influential in instrumental music. Example: Canzon No 8 for 8 parts (double brass choir) New Instruments of the period Clavichord, drums, flutes, early oboes, early string instruments.
