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Name Date Cells and Heredity Topic Class/Subject Chapter 2, Section 1 (pg 44-48) Photosynthesis Name one thing cells need to carry out functions. All cells need energy to carry out their functions. Define photosynthesis. Photosynthesis is the process by which a cell captures E in sunlight and uses it to make food. Identify how nearly all living things obtain E. Nearly all living things obtain E either directly or indirectly from the E of sunlight captured during photosynthesis. Compare and contrast autotroph and heterotroph. An organism that makes its own food is an autotroph and an organism that cannot make its own food is a heterotroph. Explain what happens during photosynthesis. During photosynthesis, plants use E from the sun to convert CO2 and H2O into O2 and sugars. Describe what happens in the 1st stage of photosynthesis. The 1st stage of photosynthesis involves capturing the E in sunlight. Define pigments. Pigments are colored chemical compounds that absorb light – where the green color in plants comes from. Define chlorophyll. Chlorophyll is the main pigment in chloroplasts. Explain what chlorophyll does. Chlorophyll captures light E and uses it to power the 2nd stage of photosynthesis. Describe what happens in the 2nd stage of photosynthesis. In the 2nd stage of photosynthesis, the cell uses the captured light E to produce sugars and O2 from H2O and CO2. (from the soil) (from the air) Explain how the CO2 enters the plant. The CO2 enters the plant through the small openings (stomata) on the underside of leaves. Recite the photosynthesis equation. 6CO2 + 6H2O light E C6H12O6 + 6O2 (a sugar) Summary Photosynthesis is the process by which a cell captures energy in sunlight and uses it to make food. This process occurs in 2 stages. In the first stage, chloroplasts in plant cells capture energy from sunlight. In the second stage, the captured light energy is used to produce sugars and oxygen from water and carbon dioxide. Sugars produced are used by the plant cells for energy.