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SN ____ Name _________________________________ Period _____ Date Monday, November 10, 2014 Atomic Structure and Periodic Table Worksheet Atomic Mass If we could see a single atom, it would be much easier to measure the exact mass of an element. Since we cannot do this, a method of measurement was devised. Assigning the element carbon an atomic mass of 12 and comparing every other element to carbon did this. For example, the mass of a magnesium atom is approximately twice that of carbon, so it is given the atomic mass of 24. The unit used is atomic mass unit (amu). Use your Periodic Table to complete the exercise below. 1. Which element is four times the mass of carbon? _____________________________________ 2. Name the element with the smallest atomic mass. _____________________________________ 3. Which element is four times the mass of helium? ______________________________________ 4. Name the element with the greatest mass. ___________________________________________ 5. Which element is about a third the mass of tin? _______________________________________ 6. Name the element that is twice the mass of oxygen? __________________________________ Chemical Symbols Cross out the incorrect chemical symbols. Sb La K Nr Zi Ps F Bc Co Hy Ar Ts H Tu Ds Al Sp Mg Ne Ze Au P Ms I B Cb Fe Xe Ox Go Se Pb Gl Periodic Trends 7. As you move down a group, atomic radius (size) ___________________. Why? __________________________________________________________________________ 8. As you move across a period, atomic radius (size) ___________________. Why? __________________________________________________________________________ 9. Anions (negative ions) are ________________________ than their respective atoms. Why? __________________________________________________________________________ 10. Cations (positive ions) are ________________________ than their respective atoms. Why? ________________________________________________________________________ 11. As you move down a group, reactivity in metals ___________________. 12. As you move down a group, reactivity in nonmetals _____________________. 13. As you move across a period, reactivity in metals ___________________. 14. As you move across a period, reactivity in nonmetals ___________________. Rewrite the sentences, correcting any errors. 15. Mercury is a solid at room temperature. ___________________________________________________________________________________ 16. Helium can be found in two places on the Periodic Table. ___________________________________________________________________________________ 17. Zinc is a liquid at room temperature. ___________________________________________________________________________________ 18. Periods read from top to bottom on the Periodic Table. ___________________________________________________________________________________ 19. Carbon is a shiny silver metal. ___________________________________________________________________________________ 20. Einstenum is named after Alfred Einstein. ___________________________________________________________________________________ 21. The group number tells us how many electron shells an atom has. ___________________________________________________________________________________ 22. Most of the elements in the periodic table are non-metals. ___________________________________________________________________________________ 23. Electrons are found in the nucleus and have a positive charge. ___________________________________________________________________________________ Complete the following passage. Use the words at the bottom of the page to complete the passage. Anything that takes up space is called ___________________ . There are three states of matter; ___________________, ___________________ and ___________________. For example, water exists in ___________________ form as rivers, lakes and streams. Water in a solid form is called ___________________. When water is heated to a vapor, it becomes a ___________________ known as steam. The state in which water is found is determines by the ___________________. Elements are the basic substances from which all other substances are made. They cannot be broken up chemically into simpler substances, but they are made of smaller particles called ___________. Atoms have a _____________ at the center. This is made up of protons which carry a ______________ charge and __________ which do not carry a charge. Around the nucleus are __________ which are negatively charged and which move around the nucleus in pathways called ____________. The elements can be arranged in a table according to the size of their atoms and number of _____________ in each orbit. This is called the Periodic table. Knowing where an ____________ fits into the Periodic table can help us predict what that element will be like and how it will behave. Word List element nucleus matter orbits positive electrons neutrons electrons liquid gas ice atoms solid liquid temperature