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Name: ____________________________________ 1. Compared to Earth’s crust, Earth’s core is believed to be 1. less dense, cooler, and composed of more iron 2. less dense, hotter, and composed of less iron 3. more dense, hotter, and composed of more iron 4. more dense, cooler, and composed of less iron 5. What is Earth’s inferred interior pressure, in millions of atmospheres, at a depth of 3500 kilometers? 1. 1.9 3. 5500 2. 2.8 4. 6500 6. Earth’s outer core is best inferred to be 2. At a depth of 2,000 kilometers, the temperature of the stiffer mantle is inferred to be 1. 6,500°C 3. 3,500°C 2. 4,200°C 4. 1,500°C 3. Which statement correctly describes the density of Earth’s mantle compared to the density of Earth’s core and crust? 1. The mantle is less dense than the core but more dense than the crust. 2. The mantle is less dense than both the core and the crust. 3. The mantle is more dense than the core but less dense than the crust. 4. The mantle is more dense than both the core and the crust. 4. The diagrams below show patterns of convection currents under the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. Many scientists believe that convection currents in the mantle between South America and Africa caused the separation of the two continents and the formation of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. Which diagram best represents the currents described in this theory? 1. 1. liquid, with an average density of approximately 4 g/cm3 2. liquid, with an average density of approximately 11 g/cm3 3. solid, with an average density of approximately 4 g/cm3 4. solid, with an average density of approximately 11 g/cm3 7. The primary cause of convection currents in Earth’s mantle is believed to be the 1. differences in densities of earth materials 2. subsidence of the crust 3. occurrence of earthquakes 4. rotation of the Earth 8. Fossils of organisms that lived in shallow water can be found in horizontal sedimentary rock layers at great ocean depths. This fact is generally interpreted by most Earth scientists as evidence that 1. the cold water deep in the ocean kills shallow water organisms 2. sunlight once penetrated to the deepest parts of the ocean 3. organisms that live in deep water evolved from species that once lived in shallow water 4. sections of the Earth's crust have changed their elevations relative to sea level 9. Which graph best shows the inferred density of Earth’s interior as depth increases from the upper mantle to the lower mantle? 2. 1. 3. 2. 4. 3. 4. 10. Which statement best supports the theory of continental drift? 1. Basaltic rock is found to be progressively younger at increasing distances from a mid-ocean ridge. 2. Marine fossils are often found in deep-well drill cores. 3. The present continents appear to fit together as pieces of a larger land mass. 4. Areas of shallow-water seas tend to accumulate sediment, which gradually sinks.