Download THEORETICAL PROCEDURE

1
UNIVERSAL GRAVITATIONAL CONSTANT: ITS EXACT VALUE
INTERNATIONAL SYSTEM OF UNITS
G = 6.671281903963040991511534289 x 10 – 11
N
G = 6.671281903963040991511534289 x 10 – 11
m3 kg – 1 s – 2
m2 kg – 2
UNIVERSAL GRAVITATIONAL CONSTANT: ITS EXACT VALUE
RELATIVISTIC QUANTUM MECHANICS
G = 6.671281903963040991511534289 x 10 - 8 cm/s2
This value of the universal gravitational constant is exact.
THEORETICAL PROCEDURE
UNIVERSAL GRAVITATIONAL CONSTAN: ITS EXACT VALUE
How to determine the exact value of the universal gravitational constant ( G )
The procedure is mathematical theory. The mathematical calculation is so accurate
and clear that no practical procedure is required: mathematics is an exact science.
Theoretically, it consists of accelerating the particle from a velocity vo = 0 until the
particle reaches the velocity vn, and due to the change in the quantum energy state the
particle experiences, the exact value of the gravitational constant (G) can be
mathematically determined.
To obtain the theoretically accurate value of the gravitational constan (G), the
relativistic quantum law of universal gravitation, the energy of formation or
disintegration of the graviton, the variation of mass with velocity and Newton's law of
universal gravitation are considered. The mathematical expressions are:
( G / K' ) = ( 1 / c )
(1)
o bien
G . c = K'
(2)
Equations (1) and (2) are the mathematical expressions of the relativistic quantum
law of universal gravitation. In these equations (1) and (2), we know only the exact
value of the speed of light; but not the units it should be measured in.
The value and
2
measurement units of G are not known, and it is known only that K' takes the units of
G and c.
The mathematical expression for the energy of formation or disintegration of the
graviton is:
Eg = mg c2 = rg2 c2
(3)
Equation (3) states that the graviton mass mg is equal to its radius squared, i.e.
( mg = rg2 ).
The graviton
is contracted accelerated
3-dimensional space
( space-time, pure energy).
When any particle of mass mo changes its speed from vo to a higher value, the
mo
particle increases its mass from
to
m
according to its velocity.
The
mathematical expression known to all that relates mass with velocity is:
m =
mo
/ ( 1 - (v2 / c2 ) )1/2
(4)
where,
mo , mass of the particle at rest.
m, mass of the particle when moving with velocity v.
v, velocity at which the particle moves.
c , velocity of light.
The mathematical expression of Newton's law of universal gravitation to establish
equivalences between systems of units is:
G
M m
F =
(5)
2
R
where,
F, force of attraction between two masses.
G, the universal gravitational constant.
M, m, masses of the particles considered.
R,
distance between two particles, measured from the respective centres of gravity.
The mathematical expression of Newton's law of universal gravitation in
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relativistic quantum mechanics is as follows:
K' m1 m2
F =
(6)
c
2
R
where,
F, force of attraction between two masses.
K', relativistic quantum constan.
c, speed of light.
m1, m2, masses of the particles considered.
R,
distance between two particles, measured from the respective centres of gravity.
The Units of measurement corresponding to equation (5), expressed in space-time
Units, the CGS System of Units and the International System of Units are as follows:
Units, space-time:
x
1cm2
3
2
Gue-t
x
1cm2
Gue-t
1cm2
x
x
1cm2
Gue-t
=
1cm /s
x
(1cm)
2
x
1cm2
=
2
1cm
x
1cm/s
2
x
2
(1cm)
=1
1cm/s
2
x
(7)
2
(1cm)
where,
Gue-t, universal gravitational constant expressed in space-time Units.
1cm3/s2, Units of force, expressed in space-time Units.
Units, CGS system:
Gcgs
1g
x
1dyne
x
x
1g
(1 cm)
2
Gcgs
x
1g
=
1g
x
1 cm/s
2
x
x
1g
Gcgs
2
(1 cm)
=
1 cm/s
x
2
x
1g
2
=1
(1 cm)
where,
Gcgs, universal gravitational constan expressed in CGS Units.
1 dyne, Unit of force, expressed in CGS Units. 1dyne = 1g
x
1 cm/s2.
(8)
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Units, International System:
GSI
x
1kg
1N
x
1kg
GSI
2
(1m)
x
1kg
x
=
1kg
x
1m/s
x
2
x
1kg
(1m)
GSI
2
=
1m/s
2
x
x
1kg
(1m)
2
= 1
(9)
where,
GSI, universal gravitational constan expressed in International System Units.
1N, Unit of force, expressed in International System Units 1N = 1Newton = 1kg
x
1m/s2.
The equivalente ratio between space-time Units, CGS System Units and the
International System of Units is:
GSI
1 kg
x
Gue-t
x
1,000 cm2
Gcgs
=
1 m/s
2
x
2
(1 m)
Gue-t
1,000 g
x
=
100 cm/s
2
x
2
(100 cm)
=
100 cm/s
2
x
2
(100 cm)
Gcgs
=
1,000 cm/s
2
=
1,000 cm/s
(10)
2
Gue-t = Gcgs = 1,000 cm/s2 x GSI
Gcgs
GSI =
1,000 cm/s
(11)
Gue-t
2
=
1,000 cm/s
2
(12)
The mathematical expressions, equations (1), (2), (3), (4) and (6), are evident
mathematical equations related to the speed of light which, in turn, is related to mass
and energy.
Gravity and all entities in the universe are the result of a particular state in which
energy is found, they are energy and are transmitted and interact through energy; that is,
through accelerated 3-dimensional space (they are their own energy in a given state),
and are caused by free or forced accelerate 3-dimensional space (by energy).
Determination of space-time Units, in which the speed of light (c) should be
measured in equations (1) and (2), “relativistic quantum mechanics”.
Suppose a particle of mass mg (corresponds to the mass of the graviton), whose
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geometrical shape is considered spherical and rg is the distance between its centre of
gravity and any of the infinite points forming the spherical particle surface.
intensity of the gravitational field at a
PA
The
located on the spherical surface of the
particle is:
gAVo = gAVog = ( mg /
c rg2 )
(13)
where,
gAVo, the gravitational field intensity caused by the particle at the point considered
as PA when the particle is at rest with respect to the chosen coordinate system, that
is, vo = 0.
gAVog , the gravitational field intensity caused by the graviton at the point considered
as PA located on the spherical surface of the graviton.
gAVog = ( G / K' ) = ( 1 /
c ) , the gravitational field of attraction units caused by the
graviton, which causes or leads to the acceleration gAVog.
mg , mass of the graviton.
rg , radius of the graviton.
c , speed of light.
If the particle is at rest, its velocity (with respect to a chosen coordinate system) is
zero, i.e. vo = 0. For this velocity, vo, the gravitational field strength caused by the
particle at point PA is:
gAVo =
gAVog mg
/ [
rg2 ( 1 - ( vo2 / c2 ) )1 2 ]
/
(14)
Because the velocity vo = 0, equation (14) becomes:
gAVo = gAVog = ( mg /
c rg2 )
(15)
If the particle is at rest with respect to the chosen coordinate system, the velocity
vo is zero and, according to the relativistic quantum universal gravitation law
gAVo = gAVog = ( G / K' ) = ( 1 / c ).
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By a mechanical process, the particle of mass mg is accelerated up to the
speed vn.
If a constant force Fn
is applied to the particle of mass, mg, let us suppose it
moves at a constant velocity of vn.
The gravitational field created by the particle at
point PA is:
gAVn
= gAVog mg
where, gAVn
/ [
rg2 ( 1 - ( vn2 / c2 ) )1 2 ]
/
(16)
is the gravitational field strength caused by the particle when it moves
with speed vn.
No variation in the radius rg of the particle at velocity has been assumed, as this
is not necessary. It is assumed that the distance from the centre of gravity of the
particle to the point considered PA remains constant, whatever speed the particle
moves.
Equations (14) and (16) become:
gAVog2
c2 = [( rg4
gAVo2
c2 ) / mg2 ] - [( rg4
gAVo2
vo2 ) / mg2
gAVog2
c2 = [( rg4
gAVn2
c2 ) / mg2 ] - [( rg4
gAVn2
vn2 ) / mg2
]
]
(17)
(18)
Considering that the energy of formation or disintegration of the graviton is:
Eg = mg c2 = rg2 c2
In equations (17) and (18), ( rg4 / mg2 ) = 1. Simplifying and ordering the
terms, equations (17) and (18) become:
gAVog2
c2 =
gAVo2 ( c2 - vo2 )
(19)
gAVog2
c2 =
gAVn2 ( c2 - vn2 )
(20)
Equation (20) calculates the velocity vn via the theoretical mechanical efficiency
equations, h.
Dividing the two sides of equations (19) and (20) by
squared gives:
c2, and extracting the
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gAVo
( 1 - ( vo2 / c2 ) )1/2 =
gAVog = gAVn
( 1 - ( vn2 / c2 ) )1/2 =
gAVog =
gAVo
gAVn
sin αo
(21)
sin αn
(22)
Using the theoretical mechanical efficiency, h, equation (22) mathematically
reveals the natural Units the speed of light in relativistic quantum mechanics should be
measured in.
The
theoretical
mechanical
efficiency, h,
is the relationship between the
gravitational field strength gAVn caused by the particle at point PA when it moves with
velocity vn, and the gravitational field strength gAVo caused by the particle at point PA
when it is at rest, vo = 0.
The theoretical mechanical efficiency, h, can also be defined as the relationship
between the quantum energy state when the particle moves velocity vn,
and the
quantum energy state when the particle is at rest, vo = 0.
For a variable speed between minimum and maximum speed and a minimum
speed other than zero, the theoretical mechanical performance, h, is defined as the
relationship between the final and initial space-times (energies), when undergoing a
complete cycle; considering the states of contraction and expansion of space and time
(space-time) in the realization of the complete cycle.
h = ( gAVn
/
gAVo ) = ( gAVn
/
gAVog )
(23)
Substituting gAVo and gAVn in equation (23) by their respective values (equations
15 and 16), the theoretical mechanical efficiency, h, is:
h = ( gAVn
/
gAVo ) = ( gAVn
/
=
[
=
[ 1 / (1 - (vn2 / c2 ) )1/2 ]
mg
/ ( (c
gAVog ) =
rg2 ) (1 - ( vn2 / c2 ) )1 2 )]
Therefore,: gAVo = gAVog
/
/[ m
g
/ ( c rg2 )]
= ( 1 / sin αn )
= gAVn sin αn
(24)
(25)
=
8
Equation (24) is resolved: When the particle reaches the speed vn, the
gravitational field strength created by the particle at the supposed point PA is gAVn = 1
and gAVo = gAVog = sin αn; since gAVog = ( 1 / c ), and equal to sin αn , and gAVn = 1,
substituting these values in equation (20) gives:
1 = 1 ( c2 - vn2 )
From equation (26): vn2 = ( c2 - 1 )
(26)
(27)
where,
vn = ( c2 - 1 )1/2
(28)
Equation (28) allows the value of the speed vn to be calculated.
Velocity vn is the minimum speed at which the accelerate 3-dimensional
space behaves like a material particle, causing a gravitational field attraction of value
( G / K' ) = ( 1 / c ).
Let's consider the same particle of mass mg which has been accelerated up to
the speed vn. Looking at equation (24), the theoretical mechanical performance
equation, and that:
cos2 αn + sin2 αn = 1
(29)
From equation (29):
sin2 αn = 1 - cos2 αn
(30)
Figure 1 represents the ETG (particle) moving with velocity vn.
b
( G / K' ) = ( 1 / c )
a
ETG
c
sin αn
vn
αn
cos αn
figure 1
c
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Considering the mathematical expression of the relativistic quantum law of
universal gravitation, the triangle abc (figure 1) shows:
G
1
= sin αn
=
(31)
c
K'
vn
cos αn =
(32)
c
From triangle abc (figure 1), it is deduced that:
cos2 αn = ( vn2 / c2 )
(33)
sin2 αn = ( G2 / K'2 ) = ( 1 / c2 )
( vn2 / c2 ) + ( G2 / K'2 ) = 1
(35)
(34)
or ( vn2 / c2 ) + ( 1 / c2 ) = 1
(36)
From equation (22) we know: sin αn = (1 - (vn2 / c2 ))1 2. For a constant speed
/
vn, the angle αn is constant, regardless of the Unit of measure taken for vn and c.
According to equation (22) for the angle αn, gAVn = 1, and gAVo = gAVog , the
units of the gravitational field of attraction or quantum energy state of the graviton, i.e.
= ( G / K' ) = ( 1 / c ).
sin αn = (1 - (vn2 / c2 ) )1 2 = constant
/
(37)
Substituting the value vn2 obtained (equation 27) in equation (37) and
performing the operation, its exact value is known due to the speed of light (c).
sin αn = (1 - (vn2 / c2 ))1 2 = [1 - (( c2 - 1) / c2 ) ]1 2 = constant
/
/
cos2 αn = ( vn2 / c2 ) = (( c2 - 1) / c2 ) = 0.99999999999999999999888734994395
sin αn = (1 - (vn2 / c2 ))1 2 = ( 1 - 0.99999999999999999999888734994395 )1 2 =
/
/
= ( 0.00000000000000000000111265005605 )1 2 =
/
3.33564095198 x 10 – 11 , from
10
where the angle αn is: αn = arc sin ( 3.33564095198 x 10 – 11 ) = 1.911181485 x 10 – 09.
This angle αn is constant, regardless of the Unit of measurement taken for vn and
c. It is the same if vn and c are expressed in centimeters, meters, kilometers or any
other multiples or divisors of these.
Knowing that gAVog = ( 1 / c ), expressing the speed of light ( c ) in centimeters
per second via the equation (25), where gAVo = gAVog = gAVn sin αn, gives the
following after substitution:
( 1 / ccm/s ) = sin αn = 3.33564095198 x 10 – 11 = constant
(38)
Only ( 1 / ccm/s ), expressing the speed of light in centimeters per second (cm/s),
gives 3.33564095198 x 10 – 11 .
Therefore, in relativistic quantum mechanics, speed
of light is measured in centimeters per second (cm/s), and the centimeter and
second are the natural physical measurement Units (space-time Units).
In equations (1) and (2), the speed of light ( c ) is expressed in centimeters per
second (cm/s).
Considering the mathematical expression of the universal gravitation relativistic
quantum law and knowing the speed of light is expressed in centimeters ( ccm/s ), the
following is true:
G
1
=
K'
(39)
ccm/s
Equation (39) is a general equation for all System of Units. It does not mean in
this equation that G and K' correspond to a particular System of Units.
G
1
=
K'
1
= 3.33564095198 x 10 – 11 s/cm
=
ccm/s
(40)
29,979,245,800 cm/s
( G / K' ) = ( 1 / ccm/s ) are units of the gravitational field of attraction or quantum
energy state which causes the graviton.
The units of the gravitational field of
attraction are those causing the acceleration.
The quantum energy state of the graviton
is equal to the amount of energy of formation or disintegration of the graviton.
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From relativistic quantum mechanics, the energy of formation or disintegration of
a graviton is expressed in Units of space-time in equation (3):
( cm2 cm2/s2 ) = ( cm2 cm cm/s2 ) = cm3 cm/s2
(41)
Energy is accelerated three-dimensional space (space-time).
Accelerated 3-dimensional spaces (energy, space-time) cause accelerations; thus,
accelerated 3-dimensional space is energy (space-time).
Accelerations caused by
accelerated 3-dimensional space when they interact, whether free or bound, may be
treated algebraically: added, subtracted, partially or entirely canceled and give rise to
one or other accelerated 3-dimensional spaces of similar or different properties.
Determining the relative value of the relativistic quantum constant K':
Consider 2 particles of masses, mg and mg' (2 gravitons); the value of the
mass or their distance from each other do not matter. The units of the gravitational field
of attraction caused by the particle of mass mg cause the acceleration of the particle of
mass mg', and the units of the gravitational field of attraction caused by the particle of
mass mg'
cause the acceleration of the particle of mass mg.
The acceleration
caused by both particles is the sum of the acceleration or the units of gravitational field
of attraction caused by both particles, namely:
G
G
2G
+
K'
=
1
K'
1
+
ccm/s
(42)
K'
2
=
ccm/s
(43)
ccm/s
The numerical and relative values of the relativistic quantum constant K' are
deduced from equations (42) and (43):
Relative numerical value of K' = 2
(44)
In equations (39) and (40), the speed of light ( c ) is an absolute value; we know
the value and the Units it is measured in, and the values of the unknowns G and K' are
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relative. Thus, the value and measurement Units of G and K' need to be solved, so
their values are absolute. The relativistic quantum constant K' takes the Units of G and
c; therefore, the numerical and relative value of the relativistic quantum constant K'
is as follows from the calculation:
Numerical and relative value K' = 2 cm/s
(45)
Because equation (3) expresses the speed of light in centimeters per second,
it can only accept the gram as a unit of mass,
place of the gram.
or
squared
centimeters, in
The radius of a graviton is a function of the speed of light,
rg2 = mg = ( Eg / c2 ) = ( 1 / c3 ). These natural Units of measurement in centimeters,
seconds and square centimeters ( cm2 = g ) are space-time Units and are identical to
those used in the CGS system of Units. For any system of Units we want to adopt or
conceive, we only have to transform the adopted or devised system Units to space-time
Units.
If we want to express the gravitational constant (G) Units in those corresponding to
the International System, we only need to know the Units of mass, space and time and
establish the equivalence relationship with natural system or CGS system of Units,
for equivalent equations (10), (11) and (12).
In equation (39), we must consider that the sped of light has to be measurable in
other Units or multiples or divisors of the centimeter. If we say that a signal or body is
moving with a speed of 1 cm/second, we can also say that the signal or body is
travelling at a speed of 10 mm/second or 0.01 meters/second.
The signal or body
moves with the same speed and travels through equal spaces in equal times, and the
speed of the signal or body is expressed in the Units we want to express them in.
Therefore:
G
1
=
K'
1
=
ccm/s
(46)
100
x
cm/s
Equation (46) includes the values the equivalence of G and K' (equation 12).
After substitution:
13
K'
K'
GSI =
Gue-t
=
ccm/s
100
x
cm/s
=
1,000 cm/s
(47)
2
2
1,000 cm/s
the value corresponding to K' is the relative
In equation (47),
(equation 45).
Gcgs
=
value
K' acquires the absolute value with the measurement Units of G and
c which they have to be expressed in.
2 cm/s
GSI =
2 cm/s
Gue-t
=
ccm/s
Gcgs
=
100
x
cm/s
=
1,000 cm/s
(48)
2
2
1,000 cm/s
The absolute value of the relativistic quantum constants and the universal
gravitational constant G are deduced from equation (48) which correspond to the
system of Units: space-time, CGS and International system of Units.
Absolute value of the relativistic quantum constant: space-time Units
The absolute value of the relativistic quantum constant K' expressed in
space-time Units is:
K' = Kue-t = Gue-t
x
ccm/s = (1,000 cm/s2 x 2 cm/s ) = 2,000 cm2/s3
Absolute value of the relativistic quantum constant: CGS Units
The absolute value of the relativistic quantum constant K' expressed in CGS
Units and space-time Units is:
dyne
K' = Kcgs = Gcgs
x
cm2
x
ccm/s = 1,000
dyne
x
x
cm3
2 cm/s = 2,000
2
g
=
g
2
x
s
= (1,000 cm/s2 x 2 cm/s ) = 2,000 cm2/s3
Absolute value of the relativistic quantum constant: International System
Units
The absolute value of the relativistic quantum constant K' expressed in
International System Units and space-time Units is:
14
m3
K' = KSI = GSI
x
m4
cm/s = 0.02
x
s2
x
= 2,000 cm2/s3
m/s = 0.02
s3
kg
kg
x
RELATIVISTIC QUANTUM MECHANICS, ABSOLUTE VALUE OF
UNIVERSAL GRAVITATION CONSTANT G.
In relativistic quantum mechanics, if the speed of light (c)
centimeters per second,
is expressed in
ccm/s = 29,979,245,800 cm/s, the universal gravitational
constant, Gue-t, is:
Kue-t
G = Gue-t =
=
[ (1,000 cm/s2
x
2 cm/s )
/ ccm/s ]
=
ccm/s
=
[( 2,000 cm2/s3 ) / (29,979,245,800 cm/s )]
=
= 6.671281903963040991511534289 x 10 - 8 cm/s2
CGS SYSTEM OF UNITS: ABSOLUTE VALUE OF GRAVITATIONAL
CONSTANT G.
In the CGS system of Units, if the speed of light (c) is expressed in centimeters per
second, ccm/s = 29,979,245,800 cm/s, the universal gravitational constant, Gcgs, is:
Kcgs
= [( 2,000 dyne cm3 g – 2 s – 1 )
G = Gcgs =
/ (29,979,245,800 cm/s)] =
ccm/s
= 6.671281903963040991511534289 x 10 - 8 dyne cm2 g – 2
If the Units, dyne cm2 g – 2, which correspond to the CGS system of Units are
equivalent
in space-time
Units to cm/s2, the universal gravitational constant,
( G = Gcgs ), is:
G = Gcgs = ( Kcgs / ccm/s ) = [( 2,000 dyne cm3 g – 2 s – 1 )
/ (29,979,245,800 cm/s)] =
15
= [(1,000 cm/s2
=
x
2 cm/s )
[( 2,000 cm2/s3 ) /
/
(29,979,245,800 cm/s)] =
(29,979,245,800 cm/s )] =
= 6.671281903963040991511534289 x 10 - 8 cm/s2
INTERNATIONAL SYSTEM OF UNITS:
ABSOLUTE VALUE OF
GRAVITATIONAL CONSTANT G.
In the International System of Units, if the speed of light ( c) is expressed in meters
per second, cm/s = 299,792,458 m/s, the universal gravitational constant GSI, is:
KSI
G = GSI =
=
[( 0.02
m4 kg – 1 s – 3 )
/
( 299,792,458 m/s )] =
cm/s
= 6.671281903963040991511534289 x 10 – 11 m3 kg – 1 s – 2
If the Units m3 kg – 1 s – 2 , which correspond to the International System of Units
are equivalent in space-time Units to
1,000 cm/s2,
the
universal gravitational
constant, ( G = GSI ), is:
G = GSI = 6.671281903963040991511534289 x 10 - 8 cm/s2
The universal gravitational constant, G, is an acceleration for all systems of
Units in the universe and is expressed in centimeters per second square (cm/s2), the
natural space-time Units corresponding to acceleration.
UNITS FOR GRAVITATIONAL FIELD OF ATTRACTION
The units for the gravitational field of attraction or quantum energy state is a
constant, with the natural measurement Units for this constant being all existing
Unit System in the universe, the second per centimeter (s/cm).
For all Units
Systems, the Units for gravitational field of attraction or quantum energy state are
a constant, and are unique, unchanging and irreplaceable.
The Units of the
gravitational field of attraction or quantum energy state are measured in natural
space-time Units, which are seconds per centimeter (s/cm).
16
Units for gravitational field of attraction, or quantum energy state, relativistic
quantum mechanics ( G / K' ) = ( 1 / ccm/s ): Measurement Units, seconds per
centimeter (s/cm).
( G / K' ) = ( Gue-t / Kue-t ) = ( 1 / ccm/s ) =
= ( 6.671281903963040991511534289 x 10 – 8 cm/s2 )
/
( 1,000 cm/s2
x
2 cm/s ) =
= 3.33564095198 x 10 –11 s/cm
Units for gravitational field of attraction, or quantum energy state, CGS
System ( G / K' ) = ( Gcgs / Kcgs ) = ( 1 / ccm/s ): Measurement Units, seconds per
centimeter (s/cm).
( G / K' ) = ( Gcgs / Kcgs ) = ( 1 / ccm/s ) =
6.671281903963040991511534289 x 10 – 8 dyne cm2g – 2
=
3
2,000 dyne cm g
–2
s
=
–1
= 3.33564095198 x 10 –11 s/cm
Units for gravitational field of attraction,
or
quantum
energy state,
International System ( G / K' ) = ( GSI / KSI ) = ( 1 / ccm/s ): Measurement Units,
seconds per centimeter (s/cm).
( G / K' ) = ( GSI / KSI ) = ( 1 / ccm/s ) =
= [( 6.671281903963040991 x 10 – 11 m3 kg– s–2 )
1
/(2
( cm/s ) ( m3 kg– s–2 )) ] =
1
= 3.33564095198 x 10 –11 s/cm
These values obtained
mathematically exact.
for
the universal gravitational constant are
Thus, equations (1), (2), (3), (4) and (5) from which they
were obtained, are demonstrable theoretical mathematical expressions and require
no proof or practical experimentation.
17
The mathematical calculation is so accurate that it does not require a
practical procedure.
The method is useful for gravitons and any particles made up of gravitons that can
be accelerated.
Except the graviton itself, everything we know today as material
particles are formed by gravitons. Newton's law F = m
a
is always true.
SUMMARY
UNIVERSAL GRAVITATIONAL CONSTANT: ITS EXACT VALUE
RELATIVISTIC QUANTUM MECHANICS
G = 6.671281903963040991511534289 x 10 - 8 cm/s2
In relativistic quantum mechanics, everything is expressed and measured in
space-time units; as all entities existing in the space-time universe in either of their
two main states, or in their two major states, energy and matter “accelerated
3-dimensional space” and “contracted accelerated 3-dimensional space”.
Accelerated 3-dimensional space is energy in its kinetic state, and contracted
accelerated 3-dimensional space is energy in its potential state (matter).
In relativistic quantum mechanics, the universal gravitational constant, ( G ), is an
acceleration; a consequence of the 2nd postulate of relativistic quantum mechanics, and
is expressed in space-time units, with correspond to the theory called
relativistic
quantum mechanics.
In relativistic quantum mechanics, the universal gravitational constant, ( G ), is:
G = 6.671281903963040991511534289 x 10 - 8 cm/s2
This value for the universal gravitational constant is exact, and is the equivalent in
energy to the particular state the energy is fund in. It can be obtained theoretically, with
no margin for error, by means of general universal gravitational relativistic quantum
law. This establishes and expresses all gravitational 3-dimensional space when it is
accelerated and reaches or exceeds the speed,
vn,
which causes a constant
gravitational field of attraction equal ( G / K' ) = ( 1 / c ), while the 3-dimensional
space remains accelerated and with a velocity greater than or equal to vn.
The
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velocity vn is the minimum velocity at which the accelerated 3-dimensional space
behaves as a material particle. Universal gravitation relativistic quantum law this state
the energy is found in states: all material particles or sets of material particles in the
universe cause constant gravitational fields of attraction equal to ( G / K' ) = ( 1 / c );
regardless of the mass or geometric shape of the material particle or set of material
particles in the universe.
( G / K' ) = ( 1 / c )
(1)
or even
G . c = K'
(2)
Equations (1) and (2) are the mathematical expression of the universal
gravitation relativistic quantum law, where:
G, Universal gravitational constant: The units for this constant in relativistic quantum
mechanics are centimeters per square second (cm/s2).
c, Speed of light: The units for this constant in relativistic quantum mechanics are
centimeters per second (cm/s).
K', Relativistic quantum constant: The units for this constant in relativistic quantum
mechanics are centimeters squared per cubic second (cm2/s3).
The relativistic quantum constant K' in relativistic quantum mechanics is:
K' = 2,000 cm2/s3
The exact value of the speed of light, c, in relativistic quantum mechanics is:
c = 29,979,245,800 cm/s
The accelerated gravitational 3-dimensional space that reaches the velocity vn,
has the condition of appearing to be matter (it is matter); as it originates from the
gravitational attraction field of value ( G / K' ) = ( 1 / c ).
For this state of
accelerated 3-dimensional space causing the gravitational field of attraction of value
( G / K' ) = ( 1 / c ), the velocity, vn, is:
vn = 29,979,245,799.9999999999983321795 cm/s
This velocity vn is a constant.
In relativistic quantum mechanics, the units for the gravitational field of attraction
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or quantum energy state for the velocity vn is:
( G / K' ) = (1 / c ) = 3.33564095198 x 10 -11 s/cm
UNIVERSAL GRAVITATIONAL CONSTANT: ITS EXACT VALUE
INTERNATIONAL SYSTEM OF UNITS
G = 6.671281903963040991511534289 x 10 – 11
N
G = 6.671281903963040991511534289 x 10 – 11
m3 kg – 1 s – 2
m2 kg – 2
This value of the universal gravitational constant is exact.
The mathematical expression of the universal gravitation relativistic quantum law
corresponding to the International System of Units has the following mathematical
form:
G . c = KSI
(SI)
Equation (SI) is the mathematical expression of the universal gravitation relativistic
quantum law for the International System of Units, where:
G, universal gravitational constant: The units for this constant in the International
System of Units are Newtons meter squared per kilogram squared ( N m 2 kg – 2 ). It
can also be expressed in the International System fundamental Units, which are meters
cubed per kilogram per second squared ( m3 kg – 1 s – 2 ).
c, speed of light: the units for this constant in the International System of Units are
meters per second (m/s).
KSI, relativistic quantum constant: The units for this constant in the International
System of Units are meters to the fourth per kilogram per cubic second (m4 kg – 1 s – 3 ).
The exact value of the relativistic quantum constant ( KSI ) in the International
System of Units is:
KSI = 0.02 m4 kg – 1 s – 3
The exact value of the speed of light, c, in the International System of Units is:
c = 299,792,458 m/s
The units of the gravitational field of attraction or energy quantum state for the
velocity, vn, in the International System of Units are:
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( 1 /ccm/s ) = 3.33564095198 x 10-
11
s/cm
ccm/s corresponds to the speed of light expressed in centimeters per second.
NOTE: see the authentic version in Spanish “CONSTANTE DE GRAVITACIÓN
UNIVERSAL, SU VALOR EXACTO”.