Download Chapter 8: The Ancient Greeks

The Ancient Greeks
City-States
and Greek
Culture
The Rise of City-States
During the Dark Age in
the 1100s B.C.,
developments of the
Aegean civilization were
lost.
The Rise of City-States
Classical Greek
The development of ___________
civilization began with the rise of
City-states
_______________.
The Rise of City-States
Each city-state built walled forts on hilltops
acropolis which means
called an ____________,
“high city” in Greek
The Rise of City-States
agora is an open-air market that
An ________
stood below the acropolis.
Sparta
Sparta
The city-state of ________
was located inland on the
Peloponnesian Peninsula. It
military
developed a _________
economy where people lived
simple lives of hard work and
physical activity. It had a
standing army led by two
kings who were part of a
governing council.
Spartan Government
Sparta used a governing system known as
oligarchy which is when a few people
an _________,
from the ruling class make decisions for
everyone.
Spartan Military Way of Life
•
Spartan citizens feared
______ the lower
classes because they outnumbered the
citizens more than 10 to 1. Fear of
_________
rebellion from within and ________
attack
from outside led the Spartan citizens to
focus on their military.
Athens
• The city-state of _________
Athens was located
on Attica, a part of the Balkan Peninsula
northeast of the Peloponnesus.
Athenian Government
aristocracyor a
Athens was ruled by an ____________,
small group of leaders from wealthy
landowning families who inherit the right to
rule.
They often struggled
with each other for
control of Athens.
Where Does Our Government
Come From?
Reforms in 508 B.C. made the Athenian citystate into the world’s first democracy
___________, a
system of government in which the people
rule. Government was opened by
Cleisthenes to all free men 18 years of age
or older.
“Power to the People!!!!”
Athens
He also created a new council who
suggested laws for the assembly and
decided on government __________,
policies or
plans of action.
To Be Greek…
Although the city-states were independent,
according to their mythology, the people of
all the city-states shared a common
ancestor His name was _________.
Hellene
__________.
For this reason, they called themselves
Hellenes. In English, their language and
civilization are known as Greek.
Their mythology, religion, activities, and
language united them.
Greek Heritage
Greeks were united also by activities such
as the __________________,
Olympic Games which were
held every four years to honor Zeus
Olympic Games
A Familiar Civilization
Writing also helped bring the city-states
together. They developed a writing system
Phoenician
based on the one used by _____________
traders.
Alpha and Beta = the first 2 Greek letters = alphabet
Uncivilized?
The Greeks called anyone
who could not speak Greek
barbarian
a ___________.
Today a barbarian is a
person who is considered
uncivilized, or roughmannered.
Think About It
• What parts of Greek culture helped form a
Greek identity?
Mythology
Language
Ancestry
Olympic Games